关于英语的背景
最佳答案早期日耳曼人部落（盎格鲁族、撒克逊族、朱特族和弗里西族）移民到英格兰，英语就是从他们的语言中变化继承下来。
据《盎格鲁撒克逊编年史》记载，公元 449年左右，不列颠群岛国王伏提庚（Vortigern）邀请“盎格鲁亲戚们”来帮助他对抗皮克特人。
作为回报，他赐予盎格鲁族东南部的领土。
随后他又进一步寻求支援，撒克逊族、盎格鲁族与朱特族人纷纷前来。
《编年史》记载，最终这些“移民”建立了七个王国：诺森伯利亚、麦西亚、东盎格利亚、肯特、埃塞克斯、苏塞克斯、威塞克斯。
日尔曼人入侵后，统治了当地的凯尔特语民族，本地语言主要于苏格兰、威尔士、康沃尔与爱尔兰存活了下来。
这些入侵者的语言逐渐形成了“古英语”，与近代弗里西语极为相象。
English（英格兰人、英语）、England（英格兰）和East Anglia（东盎格利亚）这三个词是分别从描绘盎格鲁族的词汇发展而来：Englisc、 Angelcynn、Englaland。
1066年诺曼征服后三百年内，英格兰的国王只讲法语。
因此一大批法语词汇进入了古英语，古英语本身也失去了大部分曲折变化，进化为中古英语。
1500年左右的元音大推移将中古英语变形为近代英语。
古英语最著名的文学作品是《贝奥武夫》，中古英语则是《坎特伯雷故事集》。
近代英语在莎士比亚所处的时期开始繁荣，一些学者将之分为早期近代英语与后期近代英语，分界线为1800年左右。
随着不列颠对全世界大部分地区的占领和殖民，当地语言也很大程度上影响了英语的发展。
历史时期分划古英语时期——公元449年至1100年古英语时期共有四种主要方言：(1)诺森伯里亚方言——洪伯河(the Humber)以北的方言(2)梅尔西亚方言——界乎洪伯河与泰晤士河之间的英国中部地区的方言(3)肯特(Kentish)方言——居住在英国东南部地区的朱待人的方言(4)西撤克逊方言——泰晤士河以南的方言。
诺森伯里亚和悔尔西亚这两种方言又合称盎格里亚方言，即盎格鲁人居住地区的方言。
中古英语时期——公元1100年至1500年现代英语(Modern English，Mod E．)时期——公元1500年至当前现代英语时期又细分为：(1)早期现代英语时期——公元1500午至1700年(2)后期现代英语时期——公元1700年至当前早期古英语文学作品 早期古英语文学作品是用诺森伯里亚方言创作的。
由于斯塔的纳维亚人的侵赂，英国的文化中心由诺森伯里亚迁移到悔尔西亚，到了公元九世纪，又迁至西撤克进地区的首府威赛克斯(wessex)。
西撤克逊国王艾尔弗雷德大帝(A1fred the Great)一方面武力抵抗丹麦人的侵略，另一方面大力提倡文艺和教育，亲自组织并参加外国文学作品和学术著作的翻译，以及本国文学的沙写和校订工作。
古英语诗歌作品，通过西撤克逊抄写者的努力，才得以保存下来。
在艾尔弗雷德大帝时期，古英语散文作品有很大的发展，这些作品主要是用西撒克逊方言写的。
古英语的词汇不同于现代英语的词汇，大多数的古英语词都是西日耳曼语的固有的词。
古英语词汇中也有一些从其它语言借来的词。
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从这些词可以看到早期罗马商人的影响是很大的。
随着基督教传入英国，有更多的拉丁词进入古英语词汇。
原来居住在英国的凯尔持人的语言，有极少数词进入英语词汇，也有一些凯尔持语词保存在英国地名里面。
几乎所有的日耳曼语源字汇（包括一切基本字汇，如代词、连词等）都相对来说更短、更非正式。
拉丁语源的字汇通常代表更加优雅或更有教养。
但是，过多运用拉丁语源字汇，则会被认为矫饰或故意引起混淆。
乔治·奥威尔的文章《政治与英语》对此作了透彻的描写。
英语使用者在选择单词时，通常可以从日耳曼语源和拉丁语源的近义字汇中挑选：如“sight”和“vision”、“freedom”和“liberty”。
这些近义词之间都有微妙的差异，使用者能够自由选择组合表达不同的观点。
日常生活中，大部分所用到的词汇一般是日耳曼语源。
大多数拉丁语源的字汇通常用在更加正式的讲话和文章中，比如法庭发言或者编写百科全书。
英语以它巨大的词汇量而着称，很容易引入专业术语和输入新词到日常使用中。
另外，俚语也为旧词换上了新的含义。
这种灵活性非常明显，通常需要区分正确正式的用法和日常一般用法；英美的初等教育教师一般会提醒学生那些日常广泛使用但在正式场合中并不正确的字汇。
英语的句子结构比较简单、自然，合乎逻辑思维的自然顺序，也就是说，英语的词序word order比较自然。
英语不象德语或俄语，句子结构没有那么复杂，词序没有那么多的倒装现象(inversion)。
英语的“语法”性别和“天然”性别相一致，不象俄语、拉丁语那样把所有的名词，按照“语法”性别，都分为阳性、阴性和中性。
这样，现代英语就免去了名词和形容词的复杂的格的变化，而德语和俄语仍大量地保存着这些变化。
所以说，英语的第一个持点就是它的结构比较简单，因此比较明白、易学。
英语的第二个特点就是它的词汇非常丰富，因此它的表达能力特别强。
据估计，英语词汇包括的单词超过一百万，居世界各语种的首位。
英语的构词手段也很多样，因此英语不断产生新词。
另外一个现象就是英语的词义不断发生变化，原有的词也可以获得新的词义，而且这种词义变化比较自然，显得毫不费力。
例如，sophisticated的原义为：“非常有经验的，老练的，老于世故的”，它的基本词义是“失去了单纯性”。
从这个基本词义发展到“复杂的，精致的”这一过程也是很自然的，不费气力的。
这样，我们就可以用来修饰 weapons，而得到“尖端武器”这个新的概念。
这样，原有的s叩histica快d一词就变成两个词了，因为它获得了完全不同的新词义。
此外．英语还有大量的短语动词，由动词加副词构成。
这些动词词组使英语的表达力更加灵活，使英语变得乎易近人，生动活泼；英语本身具有上述两个特点：结构简单，表达力强。
加上其它的历史原因相当前的国际需要，无怪乎英语已成为国际交往的公用语言。
英语的发展第一代英语 英国英语 British English 始于1601年 奠基者莎士比亚 现代英语的奠基第二代英语 美国英语 American English 始于1831年 规范者韦伯斯特 现代英语的规范第三代英语 国际英语 Worldenglish 始于1995年 发展者新世界国际 现代英语的发展—————世界现代英语发展史上第三个里程碑!
描写夜晚环境安静的唯美的英文句子
优质解答I have a happy family.There are three people in my family.They are my father,my mother and I.My father is a (你爸爸的工作).My father doesing anythings is very conscientious.My mother is a (你妈妈的工…
背景用英语表达
background ['bækɡraund]n.(风景等的)背景，远景(与 foreground 相对)【美术】(绘画、雕刻等的)背景，后景(人的)出身背景，学历，阅历，个人经历(出身、受教育、训练、经验等的总情况)(了解事件、事实、情况的)社会的、历史的、技术的或其他前情或原因的背景，(事件发生等的)背景背景情况背景资料，背景材料不引人注目的位置；隐蔽的地方；幕后(公共场所放送的、配合某种活动的)背景音乐
根据图片和所给的英语题是写句子 1.（一个月亮，背景是黑的）isn’t ，life 2.(小溪上有小船）cross，riv
in...setting 或 in a setting of ....或更简洁的 set in.......比 以wen hua 大革命为背景， 小说描述。
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Set in\\\/during the Cultural Revolution, this novel describes.....
以 为背景英文怎么写
based on基于后面加具体情况就好了
各国文化背景 英文
The development of the culture of the United States of America — music, cinema, dance, architecture, literature, poetry, cuisine and the visual arts — has been marked by a tension between two strong sources of inspiration: European sophistication and domestic originality.American music is heard all over the world, such as through Channel V, VH1 and by singers such as Michael Jackson, Tina Turner, Madonna, Whitney Houston, Cyndi Lauper, Mariah Carey, and the Backstreet Boys; American movies and television shows can be seen almost anywhere[citation needed], including icons like Star Wars, Titanic and The Matrix; American sports figures are widely known, such as Michael Jordan, Tiger Woods, Venus Williams, Mike Tyson and Michael Johnson; and American movie actors and actresses are widely recognized such as Tom Hanks, Julia Roberts, Brad Pitt, Marilyn Monroe, Leonardo DiCaprio and Tom Cruise. This is in very stark contrast to the early days of the American republic, when the country was generally seen as an agricultural backwater with little to offer the culturally advanced world centers of Europe and Asia. At the beginning of her third century, nearly every major American city offers classical and popular music; historical, scientific and art research centers and museums; dance performances, musicals and plays; outdoor art projects and internationally significant architecture. This development is a result of both contributions by private philanthropists and government funding.LiteratureMain article: Literature of the United StatesIn the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, American art and literature took most of its cues from Europe. Writers such as Nathaniel Hawthorne, Edgar Allan Poe, and Henry David Thoreau established a distinctive American literary voice by the middle of the nineteenth century. Mark Twain and poet Walt Whitman were major figures in the century's second half; Emily Dickinson, virtually unknown during her lifetime, would be recognized as America's other essential poet. Eleven U.S. citizens have won the Nobel Prize in Literature, most recently Toni Morrison in 1993. Ernest Hemingway, the 1954 Nobel laureate, is often named as one of the most influential writers of the twentieth century.[1] A work seen as capturing fundamental aspects of the national experience and character—such as Herman Melville's Moby-Dick (1851), Twain's The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn (1885), and F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby (1925)—may be dubbed the Great American Novel. Popular literary genres such as the Western and hardboiled crime fiction developed in the United States.PoetryMain article: Poetry of the United StatesThe poetry of the United States naturally arose first during its beginnings as the Constitutionally-unified thirteen colonies (although prior to this, a strong oral tradition often likened to poetry existed among Native American societies[2]). Unsurprisingly, most of the early colonists' work relied on contemporary British models of poetic form, diction, and theme. However, in the 19th century, a distinctive American idiom began to emerge. By the later part of that century, when Walt Whitman was winning an enthusiastic audience abroad, poets from the United States had begun to take their place at the forefront of the English-language avant-garde.This position was sustained into the 20th century to the extent that Ezra Pound and T. S. Eliot were perhaps the most influential English-language poets in the period during World War I.[3] By the 1960s, the young poets of the British Poetry Revival looked to their American contemporaries and predecessors as models for the kind of poetry they wanted to write. Toward the end of the millennium, consideration of American poetry had diversified, as scholars placed an increased emphasis on poetry by women, African Americans, Hispanics, Chicanos and other subcultural groupings. Poetry, and creative writing in general, also tended to become more professionalized with the growth of creative writing programs in the English studies departments of campuses across the country.Comic booksMain article: American comic bookSince the invention of the comic book format in the 1930s, the United States has been the leading producer with only the British comic books (during the inter-war period and up until the 1970s) and the Japanese manga as close competitors in terms of quantity.Comic book sales began to decline after World War II, when the medium was competing with the spread of television and mass market paperback books. In the 1960s, comic books' audience expanded to include college students who favored the naturalistic, superheroes in the real world trend initiated by Stan Lee at Marvel Comics. The 1960s also saw the advent of the underground comics. Later, the recognition of the comic medium among academics, literary critics and art museums helped solidify comics as a serious artform with established traditions, stylistic conventions, and artistic evolution.TelevisionMain article: Television in the United StatesTelevision is one of the major mass media of the United States. Ninety-nine percent of American households have at least one television and the majority of households have more than one.[citation needed]DanceMain article: Dance in the United StatesThere is great variety in dance in the United States, it is the home of the Lindy Hop and its derivative Rock and Roll, and modern square dance (associated with the United States of America due to its historic development in that country--nineteen U.S. states have designated it as their official state dance) and one of the major centers for modern dance. There is a variety of social dance and concert or performance dance forms with also a range of traditions of Native American dances.Visual artsMain article: Visual arts of the United StatesIn the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, American artists primarily painted landscapes and portraits in a realistic style. A parallel development taking shape in rural America was the American craft movement, which began as a reaction to the industrial revolution. Developments in modern art in Europe came to America from exhibitions in New York City such as the Armory Show in 1913. After World War II, New York replaced Paris as the center of the art world. Painting in the United States today covers a vast range of styles.ArchitectureMain article: Architecture of the United StatesThe United States has a history of architecture that includes a wide variety of styles.The United States of America is a relatively young country, and the Native Americans did not leave any buildings comparable to the grandeur of those in Mexico or Peru. For this reason, the overriding theme of American Architecture is modernity: the skyscrapers of the 20th century are the ultimate symbol of this modernity.[citation needed]Architecture in the US is regionally diverse and has been shaped by many external forces, not only English. US Architecture can therefore be said to be eclectic, something unsurprising in such a multicultural society.SculptureMain article: Sculpture of the United StatesThe history of sculpture in the United States reflects the country's 18th century foundation in Roman republican civic values as well as Protestant Christianity.TheaterMain article: Theater in the United StatesTheater of the United States is based in the Western tradition, mostly borrowed from the performance styles prevalent in Europe, especially England. Today, it is heavily interlaced with American literature, film, television, and music, and it is not uncommon for a single story to appear in all forms. Regions with significant music scenes often have strong theater and comedy traditions as well. Musical theater may be the most popular form: it is certainly the most colorful, and choreographed motions pioneered on stage have found their way onto movie and television screens. Broadway in New York City is generally considered the pinnacle of commercial U.S. theater, though this art form appears all across the country. Off-Broadway and off-off-Broadway diversify the theatre experience in New York. Another city of particular note is Chicago, which boasts the most diverse and dynamic theater scene in the country. Regional or resident theatres in the United States are professional theatre companies outside of New York City that produce their own seasons. There is also community theatre and showcase theatre (performing arts group). Even tiny rural communities sometimes awe audiences with extravagant productions.CuisineMain article: Cuisine of the United StatesMainstream American culinary arts are similar to those in other Western countries. Wheat is the primary cereal grain. Traditional American cuisine uses ingredients such as turkey, white-tailed deer venison, potatoes, sweet potatoes, corn, squash, and maple syrup, indigenous foods employed by Native Americans and early European settlers. Slow-cooked pork and beef barbecue, crab cakes, potato chips, and chocolate chip cookies are distinctively American styles. Soul food, developed by African slaves, is popular around the South and among many African Americans elsewhere. Syncretic cuisines such as Louisiana creole, Cajun, and Tex-Mex are regionally important. Iconic American dishes such as apple pie, fried chicken, pizza, hamburgers, and hot dogs derive from the recipes of various immigrants. So-called French fries, Mexican dishes such as burritos and tacos, and pasta dishes freely adapted from Italian sources are widely consumed.[4] Americans generally prefer coffee to tea, with more than half the adult population drinking at least one cup a day.[5] Marketing by U.S. industries is largely responsible for making orange juice and milk (now often fat-reduced) ubiquitous breakfast beverages.[6] During the 1980s and 1990s, Americans' caloric intake rose 24%;[4] frequent dining at fast food outlets is associated with what health officials call the American obesity epidemic. Highly sweetened soft drinks are widely popular; sugared beverages account for 9% of the average American's daily caloric intake.[7]FashionMain article: Fashion in the United StatesApart from professional business attire, fashion in the United States is eclectic and predominantly informal. Blue jeans were popularized as work clothes in the 1850s by merchant Levi Strauss, a German immigrant in San Francisco, and adopted by many American teenagers a century later. They are now widely worn on every continent by people of all ages and social classes. Along with mass-marketed informal wear in general, blue jeans are arguably U.S. culture's primary contribution to global fashion.[8] The country is also home to the headquarters of many leading designer labels such as Ralph Lauren and Calvin Klein. Labels such as Abercrombie & Fitch, American Eagle, Hollister, and Eckō cater to various niche markets.Popular cultureAmerican popular culture has expressed itself through nearly every medium, including movies, music, and sports. Mickey Mouse, Barbie, Elvis Presley, Madonna, Aerosmith, Babe Ruth, Baseball, American football, Basketball, screwball comedy, G.I. Joe, jazz, the blues, Rap & Hip Hop, The Simpsons, Michael Jackson, Superman, Gone with the Wind, Marilyn Monroe, Michael Jordan, Indiana Jones, Sesame Street, Catch-22—these names, genres, and phrases have joined more tangible American products in spreading across the globe.It is worth noting that while the U.S. tends to be a net exporter of culture, it absorbs many other cultural traditions with relative ease, for example: origami, soccer, anime, and yoga.Exportation of popular cultureThe United States is an enormous exporter of entertainment, especially television, movies and music. This readily consumable form of culture is widely and cheaply dispersed for entertainment consumers worldwide. It's even considered to be an entertainment superpower along with Europe, India, and Japan. Part of this is because America owns so much foreign property and has so many military personnel serving overseas (Japan for instance).Many nations now have two cultures: an indigenous one and globalized\\\/American popular culture[citation needed]. That said, what one society considers entertainment is not necessarily reflective of the true culture of its people. More popular syndicated programs cost more, so overseas entertainment purchasers often choose older programs that reflect various, and dated, stages of United States cultural development. Pop culture also tends to neglect the more mundane and\\\/or complex elements of human life.这里介绍的是美国文化 多方面的 你可以挑选几个来说 有别的问题 可以站短我 希望可以帮到你~~~
