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主语be形容词造一个句子

时间:2017-07-14 19:12

初三外研版英语语法知识点

1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。

例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的

2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。

例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。

例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京

2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如: How should I know? 我怎么知道

Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚

should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。

我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。

此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。

例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。

例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。

3. 用于表示可能性。

should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。

例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。

如: What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的

该句相当于: What does your father do? What is your father's job? Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。

如: ---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特

---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。

2. What...?是泛指,所指的事物没有范围的限制;而 Which...?是特指,所指的事物有范围的限制。

如: What color do you like best? (所有颜色) 你最喜爱什么颜色

Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? (有特定的范围) 你最喜爱哪一种颜色

3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。

如: Which pictures are from China? 哪些图片来自中国

4) 频度副词的位置 1.常见的频度副词有以下这些: always(总是,一直) usually(通常) often(常常,经常) sometimes(有时候) never(从不) 2.频度副词的位置: a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。

如: David is often arrives late for school. 大卫上学经常迟到。

b.放在行为动词前。

如: We usually go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天经常在7:10去上学。

c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾,用来表示强调。

如: Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike. 有时我步行回家,有时我骑自行车。

3.never放在句首时,主语、谓语动词要倒装。

如: Never have I been there. 5) every day 与 everyday 1. every day 作状语,译为“每一天”。

如: We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7:10去上学。

I decide to read English every day. 我决定每天读英语。

2. everyday 作定语,译为“日常的”。

She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

What's your everyday activity? 你的日常活动是什么

6) 什么是助动词 1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(Auxiliary Verb)。

被协助的动词称作主要动词(Main Verb)。

助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用,例如: He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义) 2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来: a. 表示时态,例如: He is singing. 他在唱歌。

He has got married. 他已结婚。

b. 表示语态,例如: He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

c. 构成疑问句,例如: Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗

Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗

d. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如: I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。

e. 加强语气,例如: Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

3.最常用的助动词有:be, have, do, shall, will, should, would 7) forget doing\\\/to do与remember doing\\\/to do 1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。

(未做) forget doing 忘记做过某事。

(已做) The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。

(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。

( 已做过关灯的动作) Don't forget to come tomorrow. 别忘了明天来。

(to come动作未做) 典型例题 ---- The light in the office is still on. ---- Oh,I forgot___. A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off 答案:C。

由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。

此处不符合题意。

2.remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做) remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做) Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? 8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb. 1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等: It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

3.for 与of 的辨别方法: 用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。

如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。

如: You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。

) 9) 对两个句子的提问 新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。

例如: 句子:The boy in blue has three pens. 提问:1.Who has three pens? 2.Which boy has three pens? 3.What does the boy in blue have? 4.How many pens does the boy in blue have? 很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。

再如: 句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday. 提问:1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday? 4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday? 5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday? 6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends? 10) so、such与不定冠词的使用 1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a\\\/an+名词”。

如: He is so funny a boy. Jim has so big a house. 2.such与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“such+a\\\/an+形容词+名词”。

如: It is such a nice day. That was such an interesting story. 11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况 1.在进行时态中。

如: He is watching TV in the room. They were dancing at nine o'clock last night. 2.在there be结构中。

如: There is a boy swimming in the river. 3.在have fun\\\/problems结构中。

如: We have fun learning English this term. They had problems getting to the top of the mountain. 4.在介词后面。

如: Thanks for helping me. Are you good at playing basketball. 5.在以下结构中: enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事 finish doing sth 完成做某事 feel like doing sth 想要做某事 stop doing sth 停止做某事 forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 go on doing sth 继续做某事 remember doing sth 记得做过某事 like doing sth 喜欢做某事 keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事 find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事 see\\\/hear\\\/watch sb doing sth 看到\\\/听到\\\/观看某人做某事 try doing sth 试图做某事 need doing sth 需要做某事 prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事 mind doing sth 介意做某事 practice doing sth 练习做某事 be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事 miss doing sth 错过做某事 12) 英语中的“单数” 1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的。

如: he, she, it my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle 2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。

如: man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数) 3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。

如: go---goes---going---went---gone work---works---working---worked---worked watch---watches---watching---watched---watched 当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。

如: The boy wants to be a sales assistant. Our English teacher is from the US. Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself. 12) 英语中的“单数” 1.主语的第三人称单数形式,即可用“he, she, it”代替的。

如: he, she, it my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle 2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。

如: man(单数)---men(复数) banana(单数)---bananas(复数) 3.动词有原形,第三人称单数形式,-ing分词,过去式,过去分词。

如: go---goes---going---went---gone work---works---working---worked---worked watch---watches---watching---watched---watched 当主语为第三人称单数的时候,谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。

如: The boy wants to be a sales assistant. Our English teacher is from the US. 回答人的补充 2009-09-01 16:48 Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself. 13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式 名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

I 名词复数的规则变化 1.一般在名词词尾加-s。

如: pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers desk---desks tree---trees 2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,词尾加-es。

如: class---classes dish---dishes watch---watches box---boxes 3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词,词尾加-es。

如: potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes Negro---Negroes hero---heroes 4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es。

如: family---families dictionary---dictionaries city---cities country---countries 5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-v,再加-es。

如: half---halves leaf---leaves thief---thieves knife---knives self---selves wife---wives life---lives wolf---wolves shelf---shelves loaf---loaves 但是: scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs serf---serfs gulf---gulfs chief---chiefs proof---proofs belief---beliefs II 名词复数的不规则变化 1.将-oo改为--ee。

如: foot---feet tooth---teeth 2.将-man改为-men。

如: man---men woman---women policeman---policemen postman---postmen 3.添加词尾。

如: child---children 4.单复数同形。

如: sheep---sheep deer---deer fish---fish people---people 5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。

即“中日瑞不变英法变,其它国把-s加后面”。

如: Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese Swiss---Swiss Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen American---Americans Australian---Australians Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans Russian---Russians Indian---Indians 6.其它。

如: mouse---mice apple tree---apple trees man teacher---men teachers 14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词 初中阶段常见的有以下这些: 1.let→letting 让 hit→hitting 打、撞 cut→cutting 切、割 get→getting 取、得到 sit→sitting 坐 forget→forgetting 忘记 put→putting 放 set→setting 设置 babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿 2.shop→shopping 购物 trip→tripping 绊 stop→stopping 停止 drop→dropping 放弃 3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅游 swim→swimming 游泳 run→running 跑步 dig→digging 挖、掘 begin→beginning 开始 prefer→preferring 宁愿 plan→planning 计划 15) 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词 1.some变为any。

如: There are some birds in the tree. →There aren't any birds in the tree. 但是,若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中,some可以不变。

如: Would you like some orange juice? 与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。

2.and变为or。

如: I have a knife and a ruler. →I don't have a knife or a ruler. 3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。

如: They have a lot of friends.(可数名词) →They don't have many friends. There is lots of orange in the bottle.(不可数名词) →There isn't much orange in the bottle. 4.already变为yet。

如: I have been there already. →I haven't been there yet. 16) in与after in 与 after 都可以表示时间,但二者有所区别。

1.in 经常用于将来时的句子中,以现在为起点,表示将来一段时间。

如: He will leave for Beijing in a week. 一周后他会动身去北京。

2.after 经常用于过去时的句子中,以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间。

如: He left for Beijing after a week. 一周后他动身去了北京。

不过,如果after后跟的是具体的时刻,它也可用于将来时。

如: We will finish the work after ten o'clock. 十点后我们会完成工作的。

3.注意区分以下的in的用法。

I'll visit him in a week. 一周后我会去拜访他。

I'll visit him twice in a week. 一周内我会去拜访他两次。

17) 不定冠词a与an的使用 1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。

如: There is a b in the word book. 单词book中有个字母b。

类似的字母还有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。

She has a small knife. 她有一把小刀。

2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。

如: There is an i in the word onion. 单词onion中有个字母i。

类似的字母还有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。

Do you have an umbrella? 你有一把雨伞吗

3.以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an;以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不一定都用a。

如: a useful book a universe a one-letter word an hour an uncle an umbrella an honest person 18) 如何表达英语中的“穿、戴”

英语中表示“穿、戴”的表达方法有好几种,常见的有以下这些: 1、put on 主要表达“穿”的动作。

如: He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。

You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。

2、wear 主要表示“穿、戴”的状态。

如: The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。

The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。

3、dress 可作及物动词,有“给......穿衣”的意思,后接“人”,而不是“衣服”。

如: Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。

dress 也可作不及物动词,表示衣着的习惯。

如: The woman always dresses in green.那位妇女总是穿绿色的衣服。

4、be in 表示穿着的状态。

如: John is in white today.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。

The man in black is a football coach. 19) a little, a few 与 a bit (of) a little, a few 与 a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”的意义。

他们的区别在哪里呢

1. a little 意为“一些、少量”,后接不可数名词。

如: There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水。

还可以接形容词。

如: He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。

2. a few 意为“一些、少数”,后接复数的可数名词。

如: There are a few people in the room. 房间里有一些人。

3. a bit 意为“一点儿”,后接形容词。

如: It's a bit cold. 有点冷。

a bit of 后接不可数名词。

如: He has a bit of money. 他有一点儿钱。

4. a little 表肯定意义,little 表否定意义;a few 表肯定意义,few 表否定意义。

如: There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一点儿汽水。

There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有汽水了。

I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中国朋友。

Few people like him. 几乎没有人喜欢他。

5. a little = a bit of, 后接不可数名词; a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 后接形容词,意为“有点儿”。

20) 关于like的用法 like 可以作动词,也可以作介词。

1、like 作动词,表示一般性的“爱好、喜欢”,有泛指的含义。

如: Do you like the color?你喜爱这种颜色吗

like 后可接不定式(like to do sth),也可接动词的-ing分词(like doing sth),有时意思不尽相同。

如: She likes eating apples.她喜爱吃苹果。

(习惯) She likes to eat an apple.她喜爱吃一粒苹果。

(平常不喜欢吃) like 与 would 连用,后接不定式,表示愿望或客气的请求。

如: Would you like a cup of tea?您愿意喝杯茶吗

“喜欢某人做某事”可以用结构“like sb to do sth\\\/doing sth”。

如: They all like me to sing\\\/singing English songs.他们都喜欢我唱英文歌。

2、like 作介词,可译成“像......”。

如: She is friendly to us like a mother.她对我们友好,就像母亲一样。

It looks like an orange.它看起来像个桔子。

3、区分以下句子: A. What does he look like? B. What is he like? A句译为“他长相如何

”指一个人的外貌特征;而B句译为“他人怎么样

”指人的性格特点。

C. The boy like Peter is over there. D. A boy like Peter can't do it. A句指外貌相似,而D句指性格相似。

21) stop to do sth 与 stop doing sth 1. stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”。

如: The students stop to listen to their teacher. 学生们停下来去听他们老师讲话。

2. stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”。

如: The students stopped talking. 学生们停止了谈话。

与它们相反的句式是:go on to do sth “继续做某事(与刚才一事不同)”和 go on doing sth “继续做某事(与刚才同一件事)”。

如: He finishes his homework and goes on to study English. 他完成了作业,接着继续去念英语。

They went on playing games. 他们继续玩游戏。

不定冠词a与an的使用 1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。

如: There is a b in the word book. 单词book中有个字母b。

类似的字母还有:c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。

She has a small knife. 她有一把小刀。

2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。

如: There is an i in the word onion. 单词onion中有个字母i。

类似的字母还有:a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。

Do you have an umbrella? 你有一把雨伞吗

3.以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an;以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不一定都用a。

如: a useful book a universe a one-letter word an hour an uncle an umbrella an honest person 18) 如何表达英语中的“穿、戴”

英语中表示“穿、戴”的表达方法有好几种,常见的有以下这些: 1、put on 主要表达“穿”的动作。

如: He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。

You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。

2、wear 主要表示“穿、戴”的状态。

如: The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。

The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。

3、dress 可作及物动词,有“给......穿衣”的意思,后接“人”,而不是“衣服”。

如: Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。

dress 也可作不及物动词,表示衣着的习惯。

如: The woman always dresses in green.那位妇女总是穿绿色的衣服。

4、be in 表示穿着的状态。

如: John is in white today.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。

The man in black is a football coach. 19) a little, a few 与 a bit (of) a little, a few 与 a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”的意义。

他们的区别在哪里呢

1. a little 意为“一些、少量”,后接不可数名词。

如: There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水。

还可以接形容词。

如: He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。

2. a few 意为“一些、少数”,后接复数的可数名词。

如: There are a few people in the room. 房间里有一些人。

3. a bit 意为“一点儿”,后接形容词。

如: It's a bit cold. 有点冷。

a bit of 后接不可数名词。

如: He has a bit of money. 他有一点儿钱。

4. a little 表肯定意义,little 表否定意义;a few 表肯定意义,few 表否定意义。

如: There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一点儿汽水。

There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有汽水了。

I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中国朋友。

Few people like him. 几乎没有人喜欢他。

5. a little = a bit of, 后接不可数名词; a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 后接形容词,意为“有点儿”。

The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,

动词不定式 英语语法--动词不定式 动词不定式 7.1 不定式作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2)动词+不定式 ; 动词+宾语+不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3) 动词+疑问词+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

7.1 不定式作宾语 1) 动词+ 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake 举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2)动词+不定式 ; 动词+宾语+不定式 ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3) 动词+疑问词+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can’t make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

7.2 不定式作补语 1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do) advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn 例句: a. Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法: Find 后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to 的动词不定式。

find后也可带一个从句。

此类动词还有get,have。

I found him lying on the ground. I found it important to learn. I found that to learn English is important. 典型例题: The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 答案:A.find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用。

现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。

2) to + be 的不定式结构,作补语的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题 Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。

. 此句只说明发明这一个事实,不定式后用原形即可。

而C为现在完成时,发明为点动词一般不用完成时,且此处也不强调对现在的影响,因此不选C。

3) to be +形容词 Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean… The book is believed to be uninteresting. 人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4) there be+不定式 believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand We didn’t expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

注意 : 有些动词需用as 短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider. We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

7.3 不定式主语 1) It’s easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了 easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough It’s so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。

It’s necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。

2) It’s very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的) 例句: It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。

注意:1) 其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。

3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see. 7.4 It’s for sb.和 It’s of sb. 1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等: It’s very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It’s very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法: 用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。

如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。

如: You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。

) 7.5 不定式作表语 不定式可放在be动词后面,形成表语。

例如: My work is to clean the room every day. His dream is to be a doctor. 7.6 不定式作定语 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。

例如: I have a lot of work to do. So he made some candles to give light. 7.7 不定式作状语 1)目的状语 To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry. He searched the room only to find nothing. 3) 表原因 I’m glad to see you. 典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 答案:B. 如果不定式为不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。

当动词与介词连用时,常位于形容词+动词不定式结构的末尾。

7.8 用作介词的to to 有两种用法: 一为不定式+动词原形; 一为介词+名词\\\/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种,即to+ 名词\\\/动名词: admit to承认, confess to承认, be accustomed to 习惯于, be used to 习惯于, stick to 坚持, turn to开始,着手于, devote oneself to 献身于, be devoted to 致力于, look forward to 盼望, pay attention to 注意 7.9 省to 的动词不定式 1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to): 2) 使役动词 let, have, make: 3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。

注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night. 4) would rather,had better: 5) Why… \\\/ why not…: 6) help 可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth: 7) but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。

8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去: 9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be: He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。

举例: He wants to move to France and marry the girl. He wants to do nothing but go out. 比较: He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 典型例题 1) ---- I usually go there by train. ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 答案:D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式,因此选D。

2) Paul doesn’t have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 答案:B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式,当其用于被动时,to 不可省略。

7.10 动词不定式的否定式 Tell him not to shut the window… She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候,她假装没看见。

典型例题 1)Tell him ___ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 答案:B。

tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth. 2) She pretended ___ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 答案:A。

pretend 后应接不定式。

其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。

3)Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never driver C. never driving D. never drive 答案:A。

warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never. 4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 答案:A。

not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。

可以只用to这个词,而不必重复整个不定式词组。

及物动词do后应有名词、代词等,否则不对,因此B,D不对。

5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation. A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 答案:C。

warn一词要求后用不定式,此处为不定式的被动,否定形式为be warned not to do。

7.11 不定式的特殊句型too…to… 1)too…to 太…以至于… He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了,说不出话来。

---- Can I help you 需要我帮忙吗 ---- Well, I’m afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。

这箱子太重,恐怕你搬不动。

谢谢您。

2) 如在too前有否定词,则整个句子用否定词表达肯定, too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义,意 为不太。

It’s never too late to mend. (谚语) 改过不嫌晚。

3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时,意思是:非常… 等于very。

I’m only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。

He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。

7.12 不定式的特殊句型so as to 1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。

Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job. 汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿。

2) so kind as to ---劳驾 Would you be so kind as to tell me the time 劳驾,现在几点了。

7.13 不定式的特殊句型Why not Why not +动词原形表达向某人提出建议,翻译为:为什么不…… 干吗不…… 例如: Why not take a holiday 干吗不去度假 7.14 不定式的时态和语态 时态\\\\语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing 1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I’ll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold. 3) 进行时: 表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something. 4) 完成进行时: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years. 7.15 动名词与不定式 1) 动名词与不定式的区别: 动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的 不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的 2) 接不定式或动名词,意义相同。

3) 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组: 1 stop to do stop doing 2 forget to do forget doing 3 remember to do remember doing 4 regret to do regret doing 5 cease to do cease doing 6 try to do try doing 7 go on to do go on doing 8 afraid to do afraid doing 9 interested to do interested doing 10 mean to do mean doing 11 begin\\\/ start to do begin\\\/ start doing

谁能给我讲讲动词不定式?

动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。

这里的to是不定式标志,没有词义。

不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能,又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。

常见的形式如表所示(以及物动词do为例),不及物动词没有被动语态。

时态\\\\语态 主动 被动 一般式 to do to be done 进行式 to be doing \\\/ 完成式 to have done to have been done 完成进行式 to have been doing \\\/ 1 有些动词可以用不定式作宾语,大致上有三种情况。

1) 有些及物动词用不定式作宾语,结构为动词+不定式。

例如: afford aim agree arrange ask decide bother care choose demand desire determine elect endeavor hope fail help learn long 渴望 mean manage offer plan pretend refuse tend undertake expect hate intend 2)有些动词除了可以用不定式作宾语,还用不定式作补语,即有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。

例如: ask choose expect help beg intend like\\\/love need prefer prepare want wish 3) 有些动词或动词词组可以用动词+疑问词+不定式的结构作宾语。

例如: decide know consider forget learn remember show, wonder find out tell inquire explain 2 不定式作补语 1) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。

例如: advise allow cause challenge command compel drive 驱使 enable encourage forbid force impel induce instruct invite like\\\/love order permit make let have want get warn persuade request send tell train urge 注意:有些动词如make,have,get,want等可用不定式作做宾补,也可用分词作宾补。

现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。

2) 有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构,不定式的动词往往是be,不定式一般可以省去。

例如: consider find believe think declare(声称) appoint guess fancy(设想) guess judge imagine know 3) 有些动词可以跟there +to be的结构。

例如: believe expect intend like love mean prefer want wish understand 3 不定式作主语 不定式作主语,往往用it作形式主语,真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。

但是,用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型。

另外,这样的句子,不能用动名词作表语。

4 It's for sb.和 It's of sb. 这样的句子中,由于表语形容词性质的不同,导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of的区别。

1)for sb. 句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等: 2)of sb句型中的形容词一般为表示性格,品德,心智能力,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

用for还是用of 的另一种辨别方法: 用介词for或of后面的逻辑主语作句子的主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。

如果通顺用of,不通则用for。

5 不定式作表语 不定式可放在be动词后面,形成表语。

6 不定式作定语 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后,往往表示未发生的动作。

7 不定式作状语 1)目的状语 常用结构为to do , only to do(仅仅为了), in order to do, so as to do, so(such)… as to…(如此…以便…)。

2)作结果状语,可以表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果,不定式要放在句子后面。

3) 表原因 4)表示理由和条件 .8 用作介词的to to 可以用作介词,也可用作不定式的标示。

下面的to 都用作介词: admit to object to be accustomed to be used to stick to turn to开始 look forward to be devoted to pay attention to contribute to apologize to devote oneself to 9 省去to 的动词不定式 1) 情态动词 (除ought 外) 后。

2) 使役动词 let, have, make后,感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后。

注意:被动语态中不能省去to。

3) would rather,had better句型后 4) Why… \\\/ why no…句型后 5) help 后可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth: 6) but和except后。

but前是实义动词do时,后面出现的不定式不带to。

7) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去: 8) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think等词后作宾补时,可以省去to be。

例如: He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。

10 动词不定式的否定式 在不定式标志to前加上not。

11 不定式的特殊句型too…to… 1)too…to 太…以至于…。

2) 如在too前有否定词,则整个句子用否定词表达肯定,too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义,意为不太。

例如: 3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时,意思是:非常… 等于very。

12 不定式的特殊句型so as to 1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。

例如: 2) 表示结果。

13 不定式的特殊句型Why not Why not +动词原形表达向某人提出建议,翻译为:为什么不……? 干吗不……?。

14 不定式的时态和语态 1) 一般式表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后,例如 2) 完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

例如: 3) 进行式表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

4) 完成进行式表示动作从过去开始并延续至说话的时候。

例如: 15 动名词与不定式 1)动名词与不定式的区别: 动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的 不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的。

2)有些动词如continue接不定式或动名词作宾语,意义大相径庭。

八年级上英语语法

7. 动词不定式 7.1 不定式作宾语1) 动词+ 不定式 afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake举例: The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

2)动词+不定式 ; 动词+宾语+不定式ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish… I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。

I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

3) 动词+疑问词+ to decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机,我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时,谓语动词用单数。

The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

7.2 不定式作补语 1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn 例句: a. Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

b. We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

Find 的特殊用法: Find 后可用分词做宾补,或先加形式宾语,再加形容词,最后加带to 的动词不定式。

find后也可带一个从句。

此类动词还有get,have。

I found him lying on the ground. I found it important to learn. I found that to learn English is important.典型例题: The next morning she found the man ___ in bed,dead. A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying 答案:A.find的宾语后面,用分词或分词短语,起宾语补足语作用。

现在分词表达主动,也表达正在进行,过去分词表达被动。

2) to + be 的不定式结构,作补语的动词。

Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。

典型例题 Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer. A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented 答案:A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。

. 此句只说明发明这一个事实,不定式后用原形即可。

而C为现在完成时,发明为点动词一般不用完成时,且此处也不强调对现在的影响,因此不选C。

3) to be +形容词Seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean… The book is believed to be uninteresting. 人们认为这本书没什么意思。

4) there be+不定式believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand We didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。

注意 : 有些动词需用as 短语做补语,如regard, think believe, take, consider. We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。

Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

7.3 不定式主语 1) It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。

It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候,锁车是有必要的。

2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们,他真好。

Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)例句: It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢,竟然相信了他。

It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。

注意:1) 其他系动词如,look,appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时,动词用单数形式。

3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时,不能用It is… to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。

(错)It is to believe to see.7.4 It's for sb.和 It's of sb. 1)for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等: It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2)of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词,如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。

for 与of 的辨别方法: 用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。

如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。

如: You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。

)7.5 不定式作表语 不定式可放在be动词后面,形成表语。

例如: My work is to clean the room every day. His dream is to be a doctor.7.6 不定式作定语 不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。

例如: I have a lot of work to do. So he made some candles to give light.7.7 不定式作状语 1)目的状语 To… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

2)作结果状语,表事先没有预料到的,要放在句子后面。

What have I said to make you angry. He searched the room only to find nothing.3) 表原因 I'm glad to see you.典型例题 The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on答案:B. 如果不定式为不及物动词,其后应有必要的介词。

当动词与介词连用时,常位于形容词+动词不定式结构的末尾。

7.8 用作介词的to to 有两种用法: 一为不定式+动词原形; 一为介词+名词\\\/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种,即to+ 名词\\\/动名词:admit to承认, confess to承认,be accustomed to 习惯于, be used to 习惯于, stick to 坚持, turn to开始,着手于, devote oneself to 献身于, be devoted to 致力于, look forward to 盼望, pay attention to 注意7.9 省to 的动词不定式 1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to):2) 使役动词 let, have, make:3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。

注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance. The boss made them work the whole night. =They were made to work the whole night.4) would rather,had better:5) Why… \\\/ why not…:6) help 可带to,也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth:7) but和except:but前是动词do时,后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。

8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去:9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后,可以省去to be: He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。

举例: He wants to move to France and marry the girl.He wants to do nothing but go out.比较: He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.典型例题1) ---- I usually go there by train. ---- Why not ___ by boat for a change A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 答案:D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式,因此选D。

2) Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 答案:B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式,当其用于被动时,to 不可省略。

7.10 动词不定式的否定式 Tell him not to shut the window… She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候,她假装没看见。

典型例题1)Tell him ___ the window. A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut 答案:B。

tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.2) She pretended ___ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 答案:A。

pretend 后应接不定式。

其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。

3)Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never driver C. never driving D. never drive 答案:A。

warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 答案:A。

not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。

可以只用to这个词,而不必重复整个不定式词组。

及物动词do后应有名词、代词等,否则不对,因此B,D不对。

5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation. A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 答案:C。

warn一词要求后用不定式,此处为不定式的被动,否定形式为be warned not to do。

7.11 不定式的特殊句型too…to… 1)too…to 太…以至于… He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了,说不出话来。

---- Can I help you 需要我帮忙吗 ---- Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。

这箱子太重,恐怕你搬不动。

谢谢您。

2) 如在too前有否定词,则整个句子用否定词表达肯定, too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义,意 为不太。

It's never too late to mend. (谚语) 改过不嫌晚。

3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时,意思是:非常… 等于very。

I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。

He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。

7.12 不定式的特殊句型so as to 1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。

Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job. 汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 轻点进去,别惊醒了婴儿。

2) so kind as to ---劳驾 Would you be so kind as to tell me the time 劳驾,现在几点了。

7.13 不定式的特殊句型Why not Why not +动词原形表达向某人提出建议,翻译为:为什么不…… 干吗不……例如: Why not take a holiday 干吗不去度假7.14 不定式的时态和语态 时态\\\\语态 主动 被动一般式 to do to be done进行式 to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done完成进行式 to have been doing 1) 现在时:一般现在时表示的动词,有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。

He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。

2) 完成时:表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。

I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. He seems to have caught a cold.3) 进行时: 表示动作正在进行,与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。

He seems to be eating something.4) 完成进行时: She is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.7.15 动名词与不定式 1) 动名词与不定式的区别: 动名词表达的是: 状态,性质,心境,抽象,经常性,已发生的 不定式表达的是: 目的,结果,原因,具体,一次性,将发生的2) 接不定式或动名词,意义相同。

3) 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组: 1 stop to do stop doing 2 forget to do forget doing 3 remember to do remember doing 4 regret to do regret doing 5 cease to do cease doing 6 try to do try doing 7 go on to do go on doing 8 afraid to do afraid doing 9 interested to do interested doing 10 mean to do mean doing 11 begin\\\/ start to do begin\\\/ start doing

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