形容“红酒”的唯美句子有哪些
1、魅力无处不在,源于天然,精工酿造,一切自然超群。
2、品味杯中风情,曼妙醇香,未饮而醉,风情何止万种
3、一个人独处时,与恋人一起时,入睡前,甜蜜温馨时…… 4、魅力无法阻挡,每时每刻,魂牵梦萦。
最终,臣服于它。
5、品味生活的红,恰是红酒,在唇齿间留恋,于心中醉眠。
6、她的典雅,那么的强烈,又那么的淡薄,我,看不透你。
7、典雅中透过的芳华,犹如红酒般的唇,留下了深情的吻。
8、品位不一样的生活只因有你相伴,红唇欲滴,滴滴难舍。
9、品味红酒,就应该是这样一点,一点,入口,入喉,入心。
10、朋友,这时候的你所需要的调节剂不过是一杯香醇的红酒。
11、享受酒中极品,滴滴难忘却;畅谈天下乐事,件件喜心头。
12、红酒的魅力,在于令人心醉。
无法抵挡,酒不醉人人自醉… 13、尊崇时尚的品味、极致的享受、无限的魅力,雍容而典雅。
14、魅力出天然,韵味永流转,自然的味道,在不经意间展现。
15、浪漫的玫瑰色泽,散发优雅的魅力,酒不醉人,人自醉…… 16、酒香流唇间,人生五味足,释放浪漫激情,畅享美好人生。
17、拈一杯红酒,滑过红唇,浪漫依然,人因酒而醉,醇香不散。
18、典雅的不仅仅是独具匠心的设计,还有那种恬淡自如的心境。
19、款款而来,红酒美人,酒香带着无尽的醉,醉与不醉皆不分。
20、品味一种极致,未入喉,已醇香四溢,犹未品,已流露不凡。
我想找一句葡萄酒的广告语,或者是和葡萄酒有关的句子~!
葡萄邀美同赏 佳酿请君共享(尝)不知你酒的牌子或者公司的牌子。
或者你要诗句做广告词的话,可借李白的客中行改上一改:水晶杯满琥珀光,XX(可用你酒的品牌)玉成(佳酿)美酒香。
描写酒好的句子
形容酒的口味,用纯净透明、醇馥幽郁、醇厚、香醇、...好酒的句子 葡萄酒酒的品质好成语 形容好酒美酒
品质好的红酒应该是什么样的
真正的好葡萄酒,是外观、香气和口感等感官因素的总和,表现在香气、单宁、酒精、酸度、糖分之间的微妙的均衡,最高境界是外观优雅、香气丰美、单宁柔顺、结构协调、质地精致、口感复杂、回味悠长这里的会品红酒和专业的品酒师是两个概念首先,品红酒的基础规则要熟悉第一步:看(sight) 错误的动作:将酒杯倾斜45%,放在与眼睛平视的地方。
这种错误在大庭广众之下比比皆是,它使肉眼所见的葡萄酒颜色比标准色度表偏深。
正确的动作:找一份好光线,以白色作为背景(品鉴葡萄酒时最好是白色桌布,或者桌上有张白纸),将酒杯倾斜着放在眼睛下方45°角的位置,仔细鉴别酒的颜色。
看些什么:葡萄酒的颜色对它的品质有多大启示呢?路易·非奈斯主演的电影中,失去味觉的美食大师仅凭葡萄酒的颜色、挂杯、沉淀就能确定它的品种、酒庄和年份。
作为普通的爱好者,紫红色预示着酒体年轻,宝石红象征活力,砖红代表岁月悠长;宝绿色象征白酒的青涩简单、琥珀色也许暗示氧化过快。
但这都不是绝对的,葡萄酒太复杂,妍媸美丑需要鼻子和舌头进一步验证。
第二步:闻(smell) 动作:先触摸一下酒杯,确定酒不是太冰,否则香气凝 结着散不出来。
白酒的最佳品尝温度是10℃到14℃,红酒是15℃到18℃。
确定温度适宜之后,再轻晃酒杯,加速香气挥发,把鼻子伸到杯口并用力吸气。
闻些什么: 1.闻一闻酒坏了没——确定酒里面有没有木塞味、二氧化硫味,或者美洲葡萄酒常见的狐臭味?入门级的酒客都必须牢记这些不愉快的味道,如果有,请侍酒师换一瓶。
2.发掘酒里的香气——人们把葡萄酒的主要香气分门别类地放进几十个小瓶子,这种工具叫“酒鼻子”(Le nez du vin)。
真正的品鉴专家,脑子里藏着酒鼻子。
他们一闻就知道白酒里面有没有番石榴味、杏子味、苹果味,红酒里面是否有咖啡味、黑醋栗味、干草味。
鉴别酒香是一场嗅觉和记忆的比拼。
高手仅凭一款酒的香气,就能推测出葡萄品种和产地。
例如浓郁的荔枝香和香象征Gewurtztraminer,专家再根据其他细微的特征,就能确定它来自法国、德国还是意大利。
香味和酒质的关系:香味不一定预言酒的味道,但香味就是葡萄酒价值本身。
一瓶香气怡人的酒,很可能味道叫人失望。
但不确定性恰恰是葡萄酒的魅力所在。
第三步:尝(taste) 动作:抿10ml葡萄酒,用舌头搅动并吸气。
请别担心发出“啧啧”声,这能使酒的味道随着升温尽可能发散出来。
如果情况允许,请把葡萄酒咽下去,使舌根的味蕾感受到酒的凛冽。
尝些什么: 1.味道是否平衡(balance)——尝葡萄酒时,请在心中画一个十字坐标轴,四个方向分别代表酸味、甜味、酒精味、单宁味。
举杯间感觉这四种味道哪一个更突出,彼此之间是否平衡。
太不平衡的酒,一定不是好酒。
2.酒体(body)是否厚重——葡萄酒从舌尖直到喉咙,是否在味觉线上留下了久久不散的痕迹?如果一切转瞬即逝,那么酒体过于单薄,如果酸味、甜味、酒精味、单宁味组合的葡萄酒香味久久萦绕,口中始终有质感,则是酒体厚重。
3.口感是否柔和(souple)——优质的葡萄酒在口里的质感像天鹅绒,如丝般与味蕾摩擦,这就是柔和。
它相对的是粗糙(coares),表示入口不细腻,后尾还发苦。
辅助工作:如果会真正欣赏葡萄酒的口感和细腻回味,最好买一个专业一点的酒鼻子,经常问问不同水果或食品的香气是什么样的,只有你大脑里有了这些香气的概念,你才有这款葡萄酒富含青苹果香气、坚果香气、香草气味浓等概念,不然,头脑里没有,即使再多的细腻也不得而知
葡萄酒的味道应该怎么形容
比较长,而且全。
中英双语版以下术语只列出了一部分,按英文字母(a~z)排列: A Acetic Term applied to wines which have undergone acetification and to the odour of such wines. 醋酸的:用于描述发生醋酸化的葡萄酒,以及此类葡萄酒所散发出的气味。
Acid. Term applied to a wine containing an excessive amount of acid, usually a wine made from grapes not completely ripe. 酸:用于描述含有过量酸的葡萄酒,通常是因为原料葡萄没有完全成熟。
After taste. Tate left in the mouth by wines after they have been tasted. 后味:品尝后葡萄酒留在口中的味道和感觉。
Agreable. Pleasant character of a well-balanced wine. 惬意的:一款平衡良好的葡萄酒所包含的宜人特征。
Amber. Colour of a wine resembling that of amber. 琥珀色:葡萄酒所具有的类似琥珀的颜色。
Astringent. The characteristic flavour of wines which produces an unpleasant chemical stimulus in the mouth, due to an excessive level of ethyl acetate. 涩的、收敛性的:葡萄酒中乙酸乙酯含量过高时的典型特征,给口腔带来一种不适的化学刺激感。
Aroma. The odour of wines. Primary aroma is derived from the grapes. Secondary aroma derives from fermentation. Tertiary aroma (bouquet) develops during maturation and aging. 香气、果香:葡萄酒的气味。
基本的香气来自葡萄果实,次级香气来自发酵过程,而第三层香气(酒香)在葡萄酒的成熟与陈酿过程中发育。
Aromatic. Term applied to wine with a very pronounced aroma, usually made from grapes with aromatic flavour and aroma such as the Muscats. 果香的:用于描述蕴含着极显著果香的葡萄酒,这些葡萄通常是以果香浓郁的葡萄如各种玫瑰香型的葡萄酿制。
B Blind tasting. Tasting wines of which the origin and identity are not previously disclosed to the tasters. 盲品:不事先告诉品尝者葡萄酒来源及身份的品尝。
Bitter. Taste that causes an unpleasant and persistent sensation of acridity in the mouth due, in particular, to certain polyphenols. 苦的:一种引起口腔持久苦感的不适味道,特别由多酚等物质引起。
Body. The character imparted to a wine which is rich in dry extract, vinous and complete. 酒体:提取物丰富、酒性饱满、完满的葡萄酒所具有的特征。
Bouquet. Odoriferous quality of a wine, particularly the odour of fine wines acquired during aging. 陈香、酒香:葡萄酒的香气质量,尤其指高档葡萄酒在陈酿过程中所获得的香气。
Brilliant. Term applied to wines, particularly white wines, which are free of any visible suspended matter and have a sparkling clarity 闪亮的:用于描述葡萄酒尤其是白葡萄酒中没有任何肉眼可见的悬浮物质,表现闪闪发亮的澄清特征。
Butyric. Rancid odour of some spoiled wines. 坏奶油味的:描述一些破败葡萄酒所散发出的腐臭气味。
C Casky taste, woody taste. Taste imparted to wines during storage in new or badly kept casks, by substances extracted from the wood of the containers. 橡木桶味、木头味:当葡萄酒在新橡木桶或保存不好的橡木桶中存放时,由容器木料中溶解出的物质赋予葡萄酒的味道。
Cleared. Term applied to a wine which was deposited itssuspended material and become clear. 澄清过的:用于描述沉淀出其中的悬浮物质后变得澄清的葡萄酒。
Cooked taste. Taste acquired by must or wine when heated to high temperatures, particularly if heated in the presence of air. Aroma or taste coming from grape crops which are over ripe. 烹烤味:当葡萄汁或葡萄酒在高温下加热,尤其是在与空气接触的条件下加热时所产生的一种口感。
也指来自过熟的葡萄的香气和口感。
Corked taste, corkiness, corky. Taste imparted to bottled wines by defective or mouldy corks. 酒塞味:装瓶后的葡萄酒由于酒塞低劣或发霉变质而带上的味道。
D Decanter: A special glass bottle, usually glass-stoppered, used for serving wine that has been removed from its original container, in order to facilitate the perception of its aroma. 醒酒瓶:特殊的玻璃瓶,通常配有玻璃塞,用于供应从原来的包装瓶中倒出的葡萄酒,以促进对葡萄酒香气的欣赏。
Delicate. Term applied to the flavour and aroma of some fine wines. A delicate wine is light, well-balanced and soft. 精雅的:用于描述一些优质葡萄酒的风味和果香。
精雅的葡萄酒轻盈、平衡良好而柔和。
Dull. Term applied to wines which have a distinct colloidal haze, but which are free of visible suspended material; hazy. Wine with faint turbidity. 暗淡的、沉滞的:葡萄酒中含有明显的胶状薄雾,但不存在肉眼可见的悬浮物质。
朦胧的:葡萄酒表现轻微的浑浊。
E Earthy taste. Special taste resulting from the type of soil on which the grapes were grown. 泥土味:由栽培葡萄的土壤类型所赋予葡萄酒的特殊口味。
F Fine. Term applied to wines of high quality. 细腻的:用于描述具有高品质的葡萄酒。
Flavour. Impression given by must or wine when taken into the mouth.. Includes sensations gained by the taste organs and also by the olfactory receptors. 风味:品尝对葡萄汁或葡萄酒的总体印象。
既包括味觉器官所获得的感受,也包括嗅觉所获得的信息。
Flowery. Aroma of a wine which suggests the perfume of a flower, especially in young wines. 花香的:葡萄酒尤其是年轻葡萄酒中令人联想起花朵芬芳的香气。
Flinty odour. A characteristic odour taste of some dry wines made from grapes grown on certain siliceous soils. 燧石般的气味:某些干葡萄酒的典型气味,它们以在高硅酸盐土壤中生长的葡萄酿制。
Fragrance. Term applied to a well developed and pleasing aroma. 芬芳:用于描述发育良好而令人愉悦的果香。
Fragrant. Term applied to wines with pronounced and pleasing aroma. 芬芳的:用于描述果香显著宜人的葡萄酒。
Fresh. Term applied to wines containing adequate but not excess acidity, which produces a refreshing pleasant sensation. 清新的:用于描述酸度充足而不过量,从而能赋予饮用者提神的舒适感的葡萄酒。
Fruity. 1)Young wine having fresh fruit-Like flavour. 2) In Australia the term is often applied to wines which are slightly to moderately sweet. 果实特征明显的:1)具有果实般风格的年轻葡萄酒。
2)在澳大利亚这个词常用于指带有轻微或中等甜味的葡萄酒。
Full. Term applied to a wine complete and well balanced, rich in alcohol and extract. 完整的、丰满的:用于描述平衡好,酒精含量和提取物含量都较高的葡萄酒。
G Garnet-red. Characteristic colour which some red wines assume on aging, and which resembles that of the precious stone called garnet. 石榴石红:一些红葡萄酒经过陈酿后所具有的典型色泽,它类似于珍贵的石榴石的颜色。
Golden colour. A yellow colour, desirable in certain white wines. 金黄色:一种黄色,是某些白葡萄酒悦人心意的颜色。
H Hard. Term applied to wine which is poorly balanced and in which acidity predominates. 硬的、不协调的:用于描述葡萄酒的酒体平衡差,酸度居于主导地位 Harmonious. Term applied to wine which is well-balanced. 协调的:用于描述酒体平衡良好的葡萄酒。
Harsh. Term applied to wines which produce an unpleasant chemical stimulation in the mouth. 粗糙的:用于描述在口中产生不适的化学刺激感的葡萄酒。
Herbaceous. Taste of the wine from certain cultivars. Characterizes a plant odour reminiscent of green grass, imparted by hexanol or hexanal. 草本植物的:以某些品种的葡萄生产的葡萄酒的口味特征。
乙醇或乙醛所产生的青草般的植物气息是它的特点。
Hydrogen sulphide odour. Objectionable taste and odour due to the presence of hydrogen sulphide resulting from the reduction of sulphur or of sulphur dioxide. 硫化氢味:由于葡萄酒中的硫或二氧化硫被还原成硫化氢,而产生的一种恶劣口感和令人讨厌的气味。
L Light. Term applied to a wine low in alcohol, extract and colour but which may be well-balanced. 轻盈的:用于描述酒精和提取物含量较低,颜色较浅的葡萄酒,但这类葡萄酒可能拥有非常好的酒体平衡。
Limpid , clear. Term applied to a wine free from suspended matter. 清澈的、澄清的:用于描述没有悬浮物质的葡萄酒。
Lively. Term applied to a fresh wine with medium acidity and good keeping qualities. Wine having a brilliant colour. 充满活力的:用于描述酸度中等、贮藏性能优良的清新型葡萄酒。
葡萄酒色泽灵动闪亮。
M Mellow. The smoothness which quality wines acquire with age.Often associated with richness in extract and glycerine. 圆熟:优质葡萄酒经多年陈酿而获得的平顺品质,经常伴随着提取物丰富和甘油含量高而存在。
Metallic flavour. Unpleasant flavour of some wines heavily contaminated with metals. 金属味:当一些葡萄酒被金属严重污染时所带有的令人不快的风味。
Mouldy taste, musty taste. Flavour imparted to a wine by mouldy grapes or storage in mouldy casks. 霉味:由于葡萄发霉或贮存在发霉的酒桶中而使葡萄酒带上的不良风味。
Mousiness. Disagreeable flavour and aroma of wines recalling the smell of mice results from bacterial infection. 鼠臭:令人联想起老鼠味的恶劣气味,是由细菌侵染葡萄酒造成的。
N Nose. The bouquet and aroma of a wine. A wine has a good nose when it is well developed. 香气:葡萄酒中酒香和果香的统称。
当葡萄酒发育良好时具有良好的香气。
O Orange tint. Colour of certain white wines, which appear somewhat orange by reflected light. 橙色色调:白葡萄酒由于反射阳而呈现某种橙色的韵彩。
P Pale rose. Light tawny colour which some red wines acquire on oxidation 洋葱皮色:一些红葡萄酒在氧化过程中所产生的浅茶色。
Pale wine. A red wine of a pale colour, almost rose. 淡色葡萄酒:颜色浅淡近乎桃红葡萄酒色的红葡萄酒。
Pasty, doughy. Term applied to some very heavily coloured wines rich in dry extract. 浆状的、糊状的:用于描述某些颜色非常浓郁,富含干提取物的葡萄酒。
Pharmaceutical taste. Unpleasant taste sometimes acquired by wines sotred near odoriferous chemicals. 药味:当葡萄贮藏在有味的化学物质附近时,有时会带上的一种令人不快的杂味。
Pricked. Term applied to wines spoiled by acetic acid bacteria. 尖刺感的:用于描述葡萄酒受醋酸菌侵害而变质。
Putrid. Term applied to a wine having a foul nauseating odour of organic decomposition. 腐烂的:用于描述发出令人作呕的有机物质腐朽味的葡萄酒。
R Rancio taste. A special taste and odour resulting from oxidation and developed during the aging of certain wines. A desirable character in old tawny ports and some other fortified wines. 哈味:某些葡萄酒在陈酿过程中由于氧化而产生的一种特殊的口感和气味。
对茶色波尔图酒以及其他一些类型的加强葡萄酒而言这种口感和气味是人们所期待的特征。
Rich. Term applied to a well-balanced smooth wine rich in alcohol, extract and glycerine. 饱满的,馥郁的:用于描述酒精、提取物和甘油含量高,酒体平衡极佳,口感平顺的葡萄酒。
Round. The taste impression given by a supple, mellow wine which is not hard and which is full of finesse. 圆润:柔顺圆熟的葡萄酒所带来的品尝感受,这类葡萄酒不生硬,精妙灵巧。
Ruby. Bright red colour of certain wines. Such wines are free from brown or purple tints. 宝石红:一些葡萄酒所拥有的亮丽的红色,这类葡萄酒不带有棕色或紫色的色调。
S Salty. One of the basic tastes, mainly due to mineral salts. 咸的:一种基本的味道,主要来自矿物盐类。
Sensory evaluation. Examination of a wine by the sense of sights, smell and taste 感官评价:通过视觉、嗅觉和味觉评价判断葡萄酒。
Smoke taste. The special taste of some wines, usually somewhat harsh and recalling that of smoke. 烟味、烟熏味:一些葡萄酒所具有的特殊味道,通常有些粗糙,令人联想起烟尘。
Sour-sweet, sweet-sour. The taste of a wine which contains excess acid and is at the same time sweet. Sometimes due to the presence of mannitol and lactic acid formed by bacteria. 酸甜的、甜酸的:当甜葡萄酒中含有过量酸时的口感,有时是由于葡萄酒中存在甘露醇和由细菌产生的乳酸。
Spoiled, unsound. Term applied to wine showing some evidence of spoilage. 败坏的:用于描述表现破败和病害迹象的葡萄酒。
Stained wine. A white wine which has acquired a pink tint through being placed in casks which previously held red wine. Wine made from grapes with white juice and coloured skins, containing trace amounts of anthocyanins. 染色葡萄酒:由于储放在原先盛放红葡萄酒的容器中而浸染了粉色色调的白葡萄酒。
也指以有色葡萄品种生产的白葡萄酒,酒液中带有极少量的果皮花色素。
Stale. Lack of bouquet and freshness of a wine through too much aeration or infection with film yeasts. 走味的、沉滞的:由于通风过度或受产膜酵母的侵染,葡萄酒变得缺乏香气及新鲜爽口感。
Subtle. Tasting term applied to aroma or perfume which is fine and delicate. 精妙的:用于描述葡萄酒的香气细腻精雅的品尝术语。
Sulphur taste. Taste of wine containing excess of SO2. 硫味、二氧化硫味:当葡萄酒中含有超量的二氧化硫时所具有的气味。
Supple, smooth, soft. Term applied to wines of quality which have a fine round texture, and pleasant to drink. 柔顺的、平滑的、柔软的:用于描述结构细腻圆润、适饮性好的优质葡萄酒。
T Tart. Term applied to wine with high acidity made from grapes not completely rip. 酸的、尖酸的:用于描述以未完全成熟的果实酿制出的高酸度的葡萄酒。
Taste of lees. Unpleasant taste acquired by wines kept for too long on their lees. 酒渣味:由于葡萄酒与酒渣接触时间过长而带上的令人不快的味道。
Tastevin, tasting cup. A small shallow cup usually of silver used by a wine waiter for tasting wine. 不透明品尝杯:伺酒师用于品尝葡萄酒的小而浅的酒杯,通常为银制。
Tasting. Determining the quality and characteristics of wine by means of the organs of taste and smell. 品尝:通过味觉和嗅觉器官确定葡萄酒品质与风格的过程。
Tasting glasses. Glasses of special shape to enable one to appreciate the flavour of wines. They are used for tasting. 品尝杯、玻璃品尝杯:特殊形状的玻璃酒杯,使品尝者可以更好地欣赏葡萄酒的风味,专门用于品酒。
Thin. Term applied to a wine deficient in alcohol, extract and colour, which lacks of body. 单薄的:用于描述缺乏酒精含量、提取物和颜色,缺乏体量的葡萄酒。
Turbid, cloudy. Term applied to wine which is not clear because of the presence of large amounts of colloidal material or suspended particles. 浑浊的:用于描述存在大量的胶状物或悬浮颗粒而显得不澄清的葡萄酒。
U Unbalanced. Term applied to a wine ini which the various components are not in harmonious proportions. 不平衡的:用于描述各种成分之间比例不协调的葡萄酒。
Unctuous. Term applied to wines which are smooth, soft and full on the palate. 肥厚的、丰满的:用于描述口感平顺、柔和、饱满的葡萄酒。
V Varietal flavour, varietal character. Flavour or aroma characteristic of a particular variety of grape and which is evident in wines made from it. 品种风味、品种特征:特定葡萄品种所独有的风格或果香特征,在以这类葡萄酿造的葡萄酒中也明显存在。
Velvety. Term applied to fine wine which is mellow and soft as velvet. 天鹅绒般的:用于描述醇香、甘美、天鹅绒般柔和的优质葡萄酒。
Vinous. 1Term applied to a wine tasting as though it has a very high alcohol content. 2)Term applied to the basic odour and flavour of red wine. 葡萄酒的:1)指葡萄酒品尝时仿佛具有非常高的酒精含量。
2)用于描述红葡萄酒的基本风味和香气。
Vintage, year of vintage. The year in which a wine was made. This date appears on the labels of wines made in particularly good years and is one reason for the enhanced value of such wines. 年份、酿酒年份:生产葡萄酒的那一年。
优异年份酿造的葡萄酒在标签上有对年份的标注,是提高这些葡萄酒身价的一个原因。
Violet. Special aroma of certain wines resembling the perfume of violets. 紫罗兰:某些葡萄酒所具有的与紫罗兰香气类似的特殊果香。
W Well-balanced. Tasting term used to indicate the harmony of wine components. 平衡良好的:用于表述葡萄酒中各种成分之间具有协调关系。
Wine taster. One who tastes wines to determine or compare their quality. 品酒师、品酒员:品尝葡萄酒以确定或比较其品质的人。
影响葡萄酒特色及品质的主要因素有什么
影响葡萄酒特色及品质的因素可以很多,但最重要的不外乎三大因素:葡萄、葡萄园和酿造技术。
一. 葡萄-品种与质量 You can make bad wine from good grapes,But nobody can make good wine from bad grapes.-Hugo Johnson世界葡萄酒大师Hugo Johnson的话道出了决定葡萄酒质量的真谛,即用好的葡萄也许酿不出好酒,但没人能用劣质葡萄酿出好酒。
巧妇难为无米之炊,再优秀的酿酒师,如果没有优质的葡萄,也很难酿出好酒。
不同葡萄品种在色泽、大小、形态及所含成分上都有着很多不同,葡萄的颜色、皮的厚度及酸、糖、多酚类等物质的含量都直接影响着酒的色、香、味。
酿酒葡萄与日常食用葡萄有很大不同,虽味道非常浓厚,但多是肉少核多,皮厚汁少,颗粒小,缺乏鲜食价值。
但正是这些不起眼的葡萄在发酵酿制之后,变成了我们餐桌上的美酒。
不同葡萄品种酿制出的葡萄酒是不同的,但是,除了品种间的差异,葡萄自身的质量是酿制高品质葡萄酒的关键。
健康、未被污染及未受病菌侵蚀的葡萄酿出的酒产生异味的机会远比低质、受到污染或病菌侵蚀的葡萄要少。
葡萄的质量与产量也息息相关。
一般来说,葡萄的亩产量越高,葡萄所含的有效成份就越低,葡萄的质量也越低,酿制出的酒也就自然淡而无味,很平庸。
但也不是说产量越低越好,每一品种都有其自身最佳的产量与质量比,而且要结合树龄,树之间的密度,树的修剪及生长方式、地点等多种因素一起斟酌考虑。
一般葡萄在7至40年树龄时产量最高,过后就逐渐降低。
老树虽然产量低,但如维护管理的好,也可结出高质量的葡萄。
澳大利亚极负盛名的Hill of Grace葡萄酒就是由平均一百多年树龄的“西拉”(Shiraz)品种所结的葡萄酿制。
二. 葡萄园-葡萄生长的环境与气候If you don't have great grapes, you can't make great wines.It all happens in the vineyards!-Emile Peynard正如法国著名葡萄酒教授艾米尔·贝纳尔 (Emile Peynard) 所言,葡萄酒的特点和风格起源于葡萄园。
同一品种在不同的产地可表现出完全不同的风格,葡萄的生长环境影响着葡萄的品质及特性,正如一对双胞胎,生长在不同家庭,不同文化背景下会形成完全不同的个性及气质一样,同一葡萄品种在不同生长环境下也会有着明显的差异从而影响成品酒的风格和口味。
葡萄生长的环境包括所在地区和气候、土壤成分、土壤结构及排水性、地理环境(即朝向、坡度、风势、有无阻挡物存在等)所有这些因素便构成了法国人在论及葡萄酒质量时必然要提到的Terroir一词。
所以,确切地说,Terroir是一个如上所提的综合概念,目前其他语言尚无相应的词汇来表达它的完整含义。
虽然自然因素起了重要作用,但人们借助科学技术,也可以对地理环境做出合理的调整及改变,比如建人造防风林,引进灌溉系统解决干旱缺水问题等,土质及土壤成分也需要人们的维护与管理,而葡萄的修枝、篱架和枝叶密度调整等栽种手法更直接的影响到葡萄的品质和成熟进程。
所以葡萄生长不仅取决于天然环境,也有后天人们努力的因素在里面。
总的讲,酿酒葡萄适应环境的能力很强,是比较容易生长的植物。
全球大部分葡萄园都集中在北纬约30-50度或南纬约20-40度之间的温热地带,年平均气温为10-20度左右,过热和过冷的地方都不合适葡萄的生长。
葡萄的根有着很强的纵深生长能力,贫瘠的土壤环境使葡萄根系不得不尽力向深处延展,以求最大限度的吸取营养,使所产葡萄味浓而有当地土质的特色。
世界上不少著名的葡萄园地表常常是卵石或沙砾密布,根本无法想象可以生长什么农作物。
肥沃的土壤常常只能使葡萄过度生长,导致枝叶茂密却结不出优质葡萄。
最后,用法国著名产酒地勃艮第 (Burgundy) 的一位酿酒师的话作为总结:“如果我们的土壤不那么贫瘠,我们也不可能这样富有”(If our soil was not so poor, we would not be so rich!)三. 酿酒技术随着现代科技的发展,葡萄酒酿制方式比过去改变了许多,而且还在改变。
生活在现在的人们很难想象过去无温度控制、无过滤防止细菌污染等技术的情况下酿造的酒是什么味道。
当然,一定比很多其他饮料好喝,所以才能使葡萄酒流传至今。
在葡萄酒酿造过程中酿酒师起着极其重要的作用。
如果前两个提及的因素(葡萄和葡萄园)是先天条件,人们很难或仅仅能在有限的条件下操纵前两个因素,那么最后这点(酿酒技术)不仅与科技有关,也与酿酒师的品味及艺术性息息相关。
目前许多酿酒技术无一定的标准,比如果汁与果皮接触的时间、新旧橡木桶使用的比例等等。
所以,用什么方法可以达到什么样的最佳效果有着许多的讲究,怎样酿制葡萄酒很大程度上取决于酿酒师的经验与喜好,这与照着菜谱不见得可以做出色香味俱全的菜的道理一样,所以,说那些极品葡萄酒是自然、科技与艺术调制出的、不可多得的珍品一点也不为过。
葡萄酒经过发酵、存放、调配、过滤、装瓶等过程后才可发售,而发售后的酒与开瓶喝之间又经长途运输、长短不同时间的存放等等,所有这些对酒的品质都会有影响,所以,在喝到一瓶好酒的时候应该感到庆幸,因为它成功地闯过了上述那么多的关口