转基因食品的危害英文演讲稿300词左右
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很高兴能为你解答。
Hi
Everyone
Today. I will show you something about GM foods. The full name that GM foods is Genetically Modified Foods. This is a hot topic.let’s start to the present situation of GM foods . According to researchers.People who feel intimidated by math may be less able to understand messages about genetically modified foods and other health-related information.Parrott Distinguished Professor of Communication Arts and Sciences and Health Policy and Administration. said :My goal is to help people make informed decisions and to do that, they need to understand and comprehend messages,Food policy, in particular, interests me because having enough food to feed people is a really big issue that we're facing. Scientists argue that genetically modified foods are safe for consumption and overregulated.the overregulation of GM crops actually hurts the environment, reduces global health and burdens the consumer.(switch)Farmers have witnessed the advantages of GM crops firsthand through increases in their yields and profit, and decreases in their labor, energy consumption, pesticide use and greenhouse gas emissions. Farmers growing genetically modified rice in field trials in China report higher crop yields, reduced pesticide use and fewer pesticide-related health problems, according to a study by researchers in China and at Rutgers University and the University of California, Davis.Measured on a per hectare (2.471 acres) basis, the quantity and cost of pesticides applied to the conventional rice was 8 to 10 times as high as that applied to the insect-resistant genetically modified rice. What we found was when genes for enhancing the amount of antioxidants and vitamin C in fresh produce were transferred by intragenic methods, consumers are willing to pay 25 percent more than for the plain product (with no enhancements). That is a sizable increase, said Huffman, distinguished professor of economics.（switch）The basic idea is that when consumers saw that the intragenic produce had elevated healthful attributes, they were willing to pay more for them.But ,Consumers were not willing to pay more if those enhancements were introduced through transgenic methods. In my opinion, GM food have good prospects. To eliminate the misunderstanding on GM food, scientists should strengthen communication with people. With simple and easy to understand words, tell us that GM food is not so terrible. One day, GM food will benefit mankind.
转基因食品是如何定义的呢
2Food security under threat: global response needed Climate change and commodity speculation are among the main factors threatening food security inside and outside the EU, according to a European Parliament resolution adopted on Thursday. MEPs call for urgent measures to combat food price manipulation and ensure that food production is maintained in the EU. Droughts, floods, fires and storms, on a greater scale than in the past, are reducing agricultural capacity all over the world, says the resolution. Soil and water management must be improved to prevent loss of farmland, and the Commission should monitor national climate change mitigation measures, believe MEPs. Tackling speculationMEPs criticise speculation in food commodities, agricultural raw materials and energy markets, all of which puts food security at risk. The G20 is urged to work for the convergence of market regulations by involving countries that are not part of the G20 in the fight against food price manipulation.Parliament asks the Commission to consider giving the new European Security and Markets Authority more power to prevent abuses in commodity markets. Dealing in food commodities should be limited to investors who have a genuine link with agricultural markets, MEPs believe.In addition, MEPs call on national governments not to impose curbs on exports, as these provoke greater uncertainty in the markets and disrupt world markets, and therefore have the potential to drive prices up further at global level. Helping EU farmersTo guarantee food security in the EU, a strong Common Agricultural Policy is needed, says the resolution. Declining farm incomes, caused by higher production costs to meet health, environmental and animal welfare standards, need to be urgently addressed to ensure there are farmers in the EU in the future. Market intervention tools, such as intervention and strategic stocks, must be part of the policy, says Parliament.Support for farmers in developing countriesSince agriculture is a key economic sector in the developing world, MEPs call for a larger proportion of the financial aid for this sector to be used to support more effective and sustainable farming practices. They add that land ownership should be promoted to reduce poverty and increase food security.The resolution was approved by show of hands. 3New threat to global food security as phosphate supplies become increasingly scarceA new report from the Soil Association reveals that supplies of phosphate rock are running out faster than previously thought and that declining supplies and higher prices of phosphate are a new threat to global food security. ‘A rock and a hard place: Peak phosphorus and the threat to our food security’ highlights the urgent need for farming to become less reliant on phosphate rock-based fertiliser. [1]Intensive agriculture is totally dependent on phosphate for the fertility needed to grow crops and grass. Worldwide 158 million tonnes of phosphate rock is mined every year, but the supply is finite. Recent analysis suggests that we may hit ‘peak’ phosphate as early as 2033, after which supplies will become increasingly scarce and more expensive. [2]This critical issue is missing from the global policy agenda - we are completely unprepared to deal with the shortages in phosphorus inputs, the drop in production and the hike in food prices that will follow. Without fertilisation from phosphorus it has been estimated that wheat yields could more then halve in coming decades, falling from nine tonnes a hectare to four tonnes a hectare. The current price of phosphate rock is approximately twice that of 2006. When demand for phosphate fertiliser outstripped supply in 2007\\\/08, the price of rock phosphate rose 800%.In Europe we are dependent on imports of rock phosphate, having no deposits of our own, but the geographical concentration of reserves adds further uncertainty to the future security of our sources. In 2009, 158 million metric tonnes of phosphaterock was mined worldwide. 67% of this resource was mined in just three countries - China (35%), the USA (17%) and Morocco and Western Sahara (15%). China has now restricted, and the USA has stopped, exports of phosphate. [3]Author of the report, Dr. Isobel Tomlinson, said: A radical rethink of how we farm, what we eat and how we deal with human excreta, so that adequate phosphorus levels can be maintained without reliance on mined phosphate, is crucial for ensuring our future food supplies.‘A rock and a hard place’ sets out the actions needed to close the loop on the phosphorus cycle. These include:Changing how we farmDifferent farming systems vary enormously in their reliance on mined phosphate. Organic farms are more resilient to the coming phosphorus rock ‘shock’, as it can only be used as a supplement to nutrient recycling (including crop rotations, green manures, and composting), and not as a replacement. Organic crops generally have a lower fertiliser requirement than non-organic crops, with a greater capacity to scavenge for nutrients through denser and deeper root systems.Changing what we eatEating less meat can reduce the demand for mined phosphate. This is because vegetable-based production is more efficient in its use of phosphorus then livestock production. Although different types of meat have different levels of mined phosphate demand depending on the farming system used to produce them. Meat from livestock grazed on grassland that has not been fertilised with artificial fertilisers, will perform much better than meat from livestock grazed on fields that have been, or livestock fed on grain grown using artificial fertilisers.Changing how we deal with human exretaThe report recommends a radical change in the way we treat human exreta and the need to abandon our current ‘flush-and-forget’ toilet systems in favour of Ecological Sanitation. The report also calls for a change to EU organic regulations to allow the use of human sewage – rich in ‘natural’ phosphate - on agricultural land to ensure phosphate levels are maintained. Globally only 10% of human waste is returned to agricultural soils. Urine alone contains more than 50% of the phosphorus excreted by humans.
详细转基因概念、原理，以及主要转基因食品
转基因技术的弊科学家发明转基因的初衷是想该技术造福人类，既可加作物和家畜品种的改良速度，提高人类食物的品质，又可以生产珍贵的药用蛋白，为患病者带来福音。
比如说，抗虫的转基因玉米不会被虫咬，可以让人们放心食用；将能产生人体疫苗的基因转入植物食品，人们就可以在食用食物的同时增加自身对疾病的抵抗力。
但是，人类对自然界的干预是否会造成潜在的尚不可能预知的危险
大量转基因生物会不会破坏生物多样性
转基因产品会不会对人类健康造成危害
一些科学家们开始担心对生物、植物生命进行的“任意修改”，创造出的新型遗传基因和生物可能会危害到人类。
它们可能会对生态环境造成新的污染，即所谓的遗传基因污染，而这种新的污染源很难被消除。
还有，转基因农作物和以此为原材料制造的转基因食品对人体的影响也尚未有定论。
目前，国内外学者对转基因技术的负面影响也作了大量研究，出现了许多相关报道，如英国的权威科学杂志《自然》刊登了美国康奈尔大学副教授约翰·罗西的一篇论文，引起世界震惊。
论文指出，研究人员在实验室里把抗虫害转基因玉米“BT玉米”的花粉撒在苦苣菜叶上，然后让蝴蝶幼虫啃食这些菜叶。
4天之后，有44％的幼虫死亡，活着的幼虫身体较小，并且没有精神。
而另一组幼虫啃食撒有普通玉米花粉的菜叶，就没有出现死亡率高或发育不良的现象。
论文据此推断，BT转基因玉米花粉中含有毒素。
另据报道，英国伦理和毒性中心的实验报告说，与一般大
食物安全运输的演讲稿
餐饮集团始终倡导健康饮食概念，也是最早提出“生命不能打折”誓言的。
自成立之日起，对所有食物的原材料和货源就有一套完善且极为严格的审查、选择和检验体系，保证了所有食物都符合绿色无公害的标准。
能够为提供原料的供货商，都由企业层层把关、筛选。
从谷类原料、禽畜、海鲜到调味料，皆要得到HACCP、国际质量体系的认证。
在食物来源的选择上，俏江南只与信誉高的知名生产商进行合作，并建立了良好的长期合作监控机制，从源头上保证了所有食物的高品质、高要求。
在食物入库过程中，俏江南有专人进行多工序严格的检验，只有符合绿色、的食物才能最终呈现给俏江南的顾客。
在食物的存放、加工等过程中，俏江南也都有严格的操作制度并有专人监督执行，保证了所有食物的新鲜性和无污染性。
在俏江南发展的历程中，没有出现过一次食物安全问题，没有一位客人对俏江南的食物品质提出过意见。
随着社会经济和生活水平的提高，人们对食品安全问题也更加关注，作为餐饮企业，如何在激烈的市场竞争中利用好食品安全这把双刃剑提升企业的价值是今后企业面临的一个重要课题。
而源于然、崇尚健康的有机食品已经日益受到人们的青睐。
俏江南因此提出“倡导安全饮食，共享”的健康新理念，俏江南认为有机食品势必成为未来食品发展的一个主流趋向，同时倡导餐饮企业以安全饮食为己任，与顾客共享健康。
有机食品解析： 当前，都市人纷纷开始向往起自然淳朴的“”方式，“有机穿衣”、“有机进食”、“有机护肤”、“有机消费”等新名词不断涌现：吃着无公害的有机食品、穿着纯棉的有机衣服、用着有机无添加的护肤品……，当然，有机食品也成为现在人们所追求的主流。
说到有机食品，可能大多数人都听说过，但是到底什么才算是有机食品呢
通俗的讲，所谓有机食品，就是那些不使用化肥、农药、 激素、抗生素等人工合成的化学物质，且不使用转基因技术的食品，是真正绿色、健康的食品。
我们都知道，化学农业保障了粮食安全，养活了更多的人口，极大的丰富了我们的餐桌。
但是也让很多不法者有机可乘，在诸多加工链条中添加对人们健康的威胁。
此外，农业中化学物质的滥用行为，也破坏了生态环境，进一步威胁人们健康和生存的环境。
因此，提倡有机生活就要从有机食品开始。
俏江南集团始终遵循将顾客需求和健康置之首位的原则，推出有机菜品，为顾客带来美食健康新选择。
选择有机食品的八大理由： 1.健康：研究显示有机食品含有较多铁质、镁质、钙质等微量元素及维生素C，而重金属及致癌的硝酸盐含量则较低。
2.味道好：有机农业提倡保持产品的天然成份，因此可保持食物的原来味道。
3.避免爆发类似禽流感一类的疾病：密集式的动物饲养方式令疾病很容易散播，而有机农业要求开放的动物饲养方式则可以令动物有空间伸展活动，增强动物的抵抗力，减低疾病散播机会。
4.含有较少化学物质：在有机生产的理念下，所有生产及加工处理过程均只允许在有限制的情况下施用化学物质。
5.生产过程不含成分：在有机生产的理念下，所有生产及加工处理过程中均不可使用任何生物及其衍生物。
6.对环境及生态有利：有机生产鼓励使用天然物料，适量施肥及灌溉，减少资源浪费，提高农场内及其周边的。
7.保护土壤：土壤退化及污染日趋严重，而土壤作为生产粮食的基本要素，人类必须对之加以保护。
有机农业要求的措施是希望恢复和维持土壤的生命力，令土壤能继续为人类提供足够而优质的食物。
8.价格实惠：有机生产规模较小，人力投资大，风险成本及运输成本也相对高昂，因此售价自然比较贵。
但是，常规农业并没有将环境成本如污染、泥土肥力下降等损害计算在内，如果将环境成本反映在价格上，常规农产品和的价格会相若。
更为重要的一点是，如果长期食用健康绿色食品，可以明显感觉免疫力增加，体质也会提升，这是体内毒素逐渐排除的正常现象。
