求一篇适合初中生的英文演讲稿
treasureoflife生命的财富iamarichgirl,becauseihavealotoftreasure.我是一个富有的女孩，因为我拥有着许多的财富。
friendsaremytreasures.wheneveriamsadanddown,iknowtheywouldholdmyhandsandwarmmyheart.theyshowmehowamazingthefriendshipis.朋友是我的财富。
当我伤心或者低落的时候，我知道他们会握着我的手并温暖我的心。
他们告诉我友谊有多么美好。
familiesarealsomytreasures.whethertimefindusfarapartoritkeepsusclosetogether,theyarealwaysstandingbymyside.theytellmehowwonderfultobelovedbypeopleyoulove.家人也是我的财富。
无论时间将我们分开或者让我们靠得更紧，他们总是陪伴着我。
他们让我知道被自己所爱的人爱着
以“我的理想”为主题的英语演讲稿
急求，满意的追加30分
我的理想是当一个发明家。
我要发明一个机器人，他几乎什么事情都能做，他可以帮妈妈做家务，陪小朋友玩耍，有时还会帮学生们解决难题。
我想只要我努力学习，我的理想一定能成为现实。
To be an inventor is my ideal. I will invent a robot. He can do almost everything. He can help mothers do housework, play with children and sometimes help students solve difficult problems. I believe that as long as I study hard, my ideal will certainly come true.第二篇My ideal is to be a teacher I want to be a teacher when I grow up. Why? I really like this job. If I am a teacher, I will try my best to teach my students. First, I will make my students eelaxed, and I won't let them do a lot of homework. I will try my best ot let them feel happy in study. And I will encourage my students to have their own ideas. Above all, I will give them enough time to think. I believe I will be a famous teacher and my students will all love me. 第三篇 初中英语作文：我的理想A piano playerWhat do I want to do when I’m older? Someone wants to be a doctor. Someone wants to be a basketball player because they are good at sport. Someone wants to be a writer and to make the writing. Someone wants to be a teacher because they like teaching children. I like playing the piano and I good at it. So I want to become a piano player. Play the piano is very interesting. And you can learn something of music. Piano can make you like music. A lot of musician and singer are love playing piano. I play the piano when I’m ten years old. Now I’m in grand five. I hope when I’m sixteen years old , I can become grand eight. I’ll be harder and harder to practise. Become a piano play is a hard job. But I believe I can do it.
关于‘勇气’的英语演讲稿 时限2分半钟到3分钟
（1）My future As the song goes “ My future isn’t a dream .” I love the song which brings me confidence when singing it every time . I believe that all our dreams can come true if we have courage to pursue them .When I was young my father always asked me what I would be in the future . Sometimes I found it very hard to give a certain reply . “ I want to be a doctor .” “ I want to be a teacher .” and “ I ’d like to be a scientist !” Many of these answers are perhaps very childish and ridiculous . But I never think they are far away . How time flies! Who is able to give a definition to his future ? I know clearly that those high buildings are based on solid foundation . As a student , I should have a reasonable aim , and study hard . My goal is to enter the best university for further study after middle school . I know it’s hard work , and I ’ll come across many difficulties and frustrations . But no matter what they are , I’ll keep working on it and never give up . My teacher says there ’s only one kind of people that are truly successful : those who are brave enough to put up with hardships . Even if I won’t achieve the goal , I have no regrets for what I have done , for I have struggled for my life . 翻译：我的未来 作为歌曲go和go的复数“我的将来isn’t a梦见.”当每次轻轻烧焦它的表面的时候,我喜欢带来自我信心的歌曲.我相信如果我们有勇气要纠缠着他们.When,我们所有的梦能成为现实我是年轻我的父亲今后总是问自我我是的.有时我发现它非常困难给出某些答复.“我想要成为一名医生.”“我想要成为一名老师.”和“我’d像向是一科学家!”很多这些答案是也许非常孩子气和荒谬.但是我从不认为他们是远离. 多么选定苍蝇的时间!谁能给他的未来一定义?我清楚知道那些高楼基于坚实的基础的.作为一个学生,我将去致力,和努力学习让一合乎情理.我的目标是要中学放学后替最好的大学报名参加进一步研究.我知道跨过很多困难和挫折it’s努力工作和我’ll情欲高潮.但是无论什么样的那些是I’ll,继续继续努力和从不放弃.我的老师说’s仅有的种类的人民那那里确实是成功的:是足够艰苦忍受勇敢的那些.即使我won’t达到目标,因为我已经为我的生活而努力,我为我所作的没有遗憾.How I learn to speak English. I think, in order to speak English fluently, The most important thing is to lay a good foundation. That is to pronounce English words correctly and to have a good intonation. I spent a lot of time in reading aloud my lessons which helped me a lot in clear pronunciation and correct intonation. The second thing is to memory a lot of sentence patterns. The third important thing I believe is to practice. Speaking English is just like any kind of skill. You can only attain excellence through practicing. The last is to form a habit of thinking in English If you think in Chinese and translate them in your mind into English before you open your mouth to speak, you would never be able to talk fluently and naturally. In conclusion, I want to make clear that there is much to be desired in my oral English. I have to keep on studying and practicing in order to improve my English. That’s all .Thank you!（2）Growing with EnglishBack in the years when I was only six years old or so, I had my first taste of English. It seemed very strange to me. At the very beginning, I was not so interested in this strange language. Moreover, the English TV program always took time away from my cartoon shows. As a result, I started to hate English.Time flies. Things completely changed at the end of my primary school life. In the last exam of the whole primary school period, I did so well in English that I got a full mark. I found that I could do a perfect job in English if I put my heart on it. This exam seems to be a turning point on my road of studying English and has really inspired me. Although there are still many challenges waiting for me, these setbacks won’t hurt my confidence and will push me to study harder.Nothing is impossible for willing hearts and I believe, in the future, I can fly as high as I wish to.翻译：英语伴成长早在我六岁左右的时候，我就开始接触英语了，那时候，英语对我来说是很奇怪的，我对这奇怪的语言也不感兴趣，更何况爸爸总强迫我看一些英语教学节目，节目时间又总与动画片时间相冲突。
因此，我开始讨厌英语。
时间匆匆过去，在我小学生生活的最后，情况彻底改变了，小学阶段的那次毕业考试，我的英语发挥的相当的好，取得了满分的好成绩，我发现只要我用心学一定能学的不错。
这次考试在我的英语学习道路上的信心，是一个转折点，确实鼓舞了我。
虽然还有许多的挑战等着我，这些困难并不会伤害我的自尊心，反而会促进我学习更努力。
世上无难事，只怕有心人。
我相信，在未来，我将如愿以偿的展翅高飞（3）I LOVE ENGLISHDear teacher and classmates:I am very glad to make a speech here in this class again! This time, I'd like to talk something about English. I love English. English language is now used everywhere in the world. It has become the most common language on Internet and for international trade. Learning English makes me confident and brings me great pleasure. When I was seven, my mother sent me to an English school. At there, I played games and sang English songs with other children . Then I discovered the beauty of the language, and began my colorful dream in the English world. Everyday, I read English following the tapes. Sometimes, I watch English cartoons. On the weekend, I often go to the English corner. By talking with different people there, I have made more and more friends as well as improved my oral English. I hope I can travel around the world someday. I want to go to America to visit Washington Monument, because the president Washington is my idol. Of course, I want to go to London too, because England is where English language developed. If I can ride my bike in Cambridge university, I will be very happy. I hope I can speak English with everyone in the world. I\\\/'ll introduce China to them, such as the Great Wall, the Forbidden City and Anshan. I know, Rome was not built in a day. I believe that after continuous hard study, one day I can speak English very well. If you want to be loved, you should learn to love and be lovable. So I believe as I love English everyday , it will love me too. 翻译：我爱英语亲爱老师和同班同学:我是非常很高兴再次使一讲话这里在朝派成为这堂课!这次,我愿意关于 英语谈论某样东西.我喜欢英语.英国语言存在现在使用在世界上每个地方.它已经在因特网上和为国际 贸易成为最普通的语言.了解英语使我变得有信心和给我带来伟大愿望. 当我岁七的时候,我的母亲派遣我去一英语学校.在那里,我和其它孩子进行比赛和唱英语歌.然后我发现精妙之处语言的和开始我的在英语世界中色彩艳丽梦.每天,我为英语支持者读磁带.有时,我注意英语动画片. 周末,我常常去英语角落.通过用不同人民那里说话,我已经交更和朋友以及改进我的口头英语. 我希望我能在全世界有一天旅行.因为华盛顿总统是我的偶像,我想要去美洲向访问华盛顿纪念塔.当然, 因为英格兰是英语在那里语言生长,我想要去伦敦也.如果我能骑马穿过我的自行车在朝派剑桥大学,我将是非常 高兴.我希望我能和在世界上每人说英语.我\\\/\\\/'ll介绍例如长城,紫禁城和鞍山中国向他们. 我知道在一白天中罗马未被建立.我相信在连续艰难研究以后,一天我能很好说英语.如果你贫穷向是爱,你应该了解向爱和是可爱.所以当我喜欢英语每天时,我相信,它将也爱我.
我是个中专生，学校有英文演讲比赛，希望各位能帮下忙写一篇关于中专生的英文演讲稿
大概4~5分钟
Responsibility is a Badge of Honour for Youth (96年“21世纪杯全国大学生英语演讲比赛”二等奖获得者，北京外国语大学 徐义成) Facing this audience on the stage, I have the exciting feeling of participating in the march of history, for what we are facing today is more than a mere competition or contest. It is an assembly of some of China's most talented and motivated people, representatives of a younger generation that are preparing themselves for the coming of a new century. I'm grateful that I've been given this opportunity, at such a historic moment, to stand here as a spokesman of my generation and to take a serious look back at the past 15 years, a crucial period for every one of us and for this nation as well. Though it is only within my power to tell about my personal experience, and only a tiny fragment of it at that, it still represents, I believe, the root of a spirit which has been essential to me and to all the people bred by the past 15 years. In my elementary years, there was a little girl in the class who worked very hard but somehow could never do satisfactorily in her lessons. The teacher asked me to help her, and it was obvious that she expected a lot from me. but as a young boy, restless, thoughtless, I always tried to evade her so as to get more time to enjoy myself. One day before the final exam, she came up to me and said, Could you please explain this to me? I want very much to do better this time. I started explaining, and finished in a hurry. Pretending not to notice her still confused eyes, I ran off quickly. Nat surprisingly, she again did very badly in the exam. And two months later, at the beginning of the new semester, word came of her death of blood cancer. No one ever knew about the little task I failed to fulfill, but I couldn't forgive myself. I simply couldn't forget her eyes, which seem to be asking, Why didn't you do a little more to help me, when it was so easy for you? Why didn't you understand a little better the trust placed in you, so that I would not have to leave this world in such pain and regret? I was about eight or nine years old at that time, but in a way it was the very starting point of my life, for I began to understand the word responsibility and to learn to always do my duties faithfully and devotedly, for the implications of that sacred word has dawned on me: the mutual need and trust of people, the co-operation and inter-reliance which are the very foundation of human society. Later in my life, I continued to experience many failures. But never again did I feel that regret which struck me at the death of the girl, for it makes my heart satisfied to think that I have always done everything in my power to fulfill my responsibilities as best I can. As I grew up, changed and improved by this incident and many other similar ones, I began to perceive the changes taking place around me and to find that society, in a way, was in its formative years like myself. New buildings, new commodities and new fashions appear every day. New ideas, new information, new technologies. People can talk with each other from any corner of the earth in a matter of seconds. Society is becoming more competitive. Words like individuality and creativity are getting more emphasis and more people are rewarded for their hard work and efforts. Such is the era in which this generation ,grows and matures. Such is the era in which this generation will take over the nation from our fathers and learn to run it. Yet in the meantime, many problems still exist. We learn that crimes take place in broad daylight with crowds of people looking on and not assisting. We hear that there are still about 1 million children in this country who can't even afford to go to elementary schools while enormous sums of money are being squandered away on dinner parties and luxury cars. We buy shoddy medicines, or merely worthless junk in the name of medicines, that aggravate, rather than alleviate our diseases since money, many people believe, is the most important thing in the world that must be made, even at the expense of morality and responsibility. Such an era, therefore, determines that we are a generation with a keener sense of competition and efficiency and a greater readiness to think critically and act creatively. Such an era, furthermore, demands, that we are a generation with a clear perception of our historical responsibility and an aggressive will to take action and solve the problems. History has long been preparing these qualities in this generation and it is now calling us forward to give testimony to our patriotism and heroism towards this nation and all humanity. Standing here now, I think of the past 15 years of my life as an ordinary student. Probably I'll be an ordinary man for the rest of my life. But this doesn't discourage me any, for I know that with my sense of responsibility and devoted efforts to always strive, for the best, it's going to be a meaningful and worthwhile life that I will be living. Standing here now, I think of the past 15 years of this nation, which has achieved greatness that inspired millions of people of my age, most of whom will not attain fame or prestige and only a few of whom will be remembered by posterity. But that doesn't discourage us any, because we know that the world watches, the world listens, the world is waiting to see where this nation will be heading in a time of rich opportunities and fierce competition. I can't ever forget that little girl in my class who couldn't had the same opportunities as any of us here to enjoy a wonderful life today and a hopeful world tomorrow. It is the sacred responsibility of this generation to face up to the challenges of the new century and to devote our sweat and blood, our wisdom and passion, to the historic cause of making this nation a greater and happier land for every one of us. We are not going to evade that responsibility. We are going to let people down. And people, far and near, will hear of us. Frost will be brought to their backbones and tears to their eyes when our stories are told and retold, So let us go forth, my fellow members of this luckily chosen generation, and meet the new century in victory and glory. 责任感——青年人荣誉的标志 站在台上面对大家，我心情十分激动。
好像是在参加一次历史性的长征。
我们今天面对的远不只一场竞赛或角逐。
这是才华出众，生气勃勃的中国青年的一次聚会。
我们是青年一代的代表。
为迎接新世纪的到来，我们正在从各方面作好准备。
在这一历史时刻，能有机会代表同龄人在此认真地回顾于国于己都至关重要的过去的15年，我感激万分。
尽管只能谈谈个人经历，而且只涉及其中一个小小的片段，但我相信，它仍然折射出对我和在过去15年间一同成长起来的青年人都不可缺少的一种思想基础。
我上小学时，班上有位小姑娘，学习非常刻苦而成绩却不尽人意。
老师要我帮助她。
看得出，她也寄厚望于我。
但我那时还是个小男孩，坐不住，不懂事。
我老是ME避她。
以便有更多时间自己玩。
期末考试前一天，她来求我说“请你给我讲解一下行吗?这次我很想考得好一点。
”我开始给她讲解，不一会儿便草草收场，假装没有察觉她迷茫的眼神，一溜烟儿地跑开了。
不出所料，这次她又考砸了。
两个月后，新学期依始，传来她死于血癌的消息。
我没有完成那项小小的任务，无人知晓。
但我却不能原谅自己。
她的眼睛令我难以忘怀，仿佛在责问我，“你为什么不愿多帮助我呢?这对于你来说，并不费事。
你为什么不能理解我对你的信赖，而让我带着痛苦和遗憾离开这个世界?” 我当时才八九岁。
但从某种意义上讲，这件事成了我生活的新起点。
因为我开始体会到“责任”二字的意义，并尽心尽力地学着完成自己的义务。
我也逐渐领会了这个神圣字眼的深刻内含:人与人之间的彼此需要和信任、合作和依赖正是人类社会存在的基础。
之后，我在生活中又经受过多次失败，但那小姑娘之死所引起的懊悔，心里却不曾再现。
想到自己做每一件事都能尽职尽责，一种满足之感便油然而生。
此事及类似的多起事件改变了我，完善了我。
当我长大成人，我开始领悟周围发生的一切变化。
我发现，从某种意义上说，社会跟我一样，正处在一个自我完善的时期。
新建筑、新商品、新款式一天一个样。
新思维、新信息、新技术层出不穷。
即便万里相隔，人们在转瞬之间即可相互交谈。
社会竞争越演越烈。
人们越来越强调个性和创造性。
越来越多的人因工作努力而受到奖赏。
这就是当今的时代，一代新人由成长迈入成熟的时代。
这是我们这一代人接替父辈治国安邦的时代。
然而，我们也面临很多间题。
据悉，坏人在光天化日之下作恶，周围的群众居然袖手旁观，无动于衷。
我还听说，目前我国尚有100万儿童连小学也上不起，而巨额资金却拿去举办奢侈的宴会和购置豪华的轿车。
我们常常买的是劣质药品，或名曰药品实为一文不值的废物，非但不能除病去痛，反而会使病情加重。
在某些人看来，世上金钱最宝贵，只要能赚钱，不惜牺牲道德和责任。
因而，这个时代赋予我们的是更强烈的竞争和效率意识，使我们更善于批判性地思考和创造性地行动。
此外，这个时代要求我们这一代人必须认清自己肩负的历史重任，下定决心，采取行动，解决上述问题。
长期以来，历史一直在我们这一代人身上培养着这些品质。
现在，历史呼唤我们挺身而出，以实际行动向全民族及全人类证实我们的拳拳爱国之心和大无畏的英雄主义。
此刻，我站在讲台上回顾15年来的学生生活。
今后的岁月，我很可能平平淡淡地度过。
但这丝毫不会让我心灰意冷。
因为我知道，凭借强烈的责任感和精益求精的不懈奋斗，我将追求一种有意义的生活，一种不枉此生的生活。
此刻，我站在讲台上回顾过去，15年来祖国取得的巨大成就激励着千千万万的同龄人。
我们之中大多数人将与名利和权力无缘。
只有极少数人或许会后世留芳。
对此我们丝毫也不会在意。
因为我们知道，世界在观望，世界在倾听。
在这个大量机遇和激烈竟争并存的时代，我们国家究竟去向何方，整个世界都在关注。
我永远不会忘记班上那位小姑娘。
她本应该却没能和在座各位一样享受今天美好的人生和明日充满希望的世界。
接受新世纪的挑战，把我们的血汗、智慧和热情奉献给建设祖国、造福人民的伟大历史事业。
这就是我们这一代人的神圣职责。
我们决不逃避责任，决不辜负人民的期望。
我们的业绩将四海传扬。
我们的故事将被反复讲述，定会令人惊叹不已，以至热泪盈眶。
有幸与时代为伍的朋友们，让我们勇往直前，以胜利的姿态迎接光辉灿烂的新世纪的来临! ================================== My Attitude towards to Marks 我的分数观 For our students, marks is above everything. Teachers will judge us from our marks. With marks we can be enrolled into junior middle schools. With marks, we can be enrolled into senior middle schools. With marks we can be enrolled into college. With marks we can be enrolled into postgraduate and doctrine studies. Still with marks we can be graded and be allowed to go abroad for further studies. Our parents will be strict with us with the marks. Our society judge us from marks. However, sometimes we students compare one another with marks directly. We are completely controlled by marks. We like them and we feel sorry for them. But what attitude towards our marks should we take? Truly, marks functions cannot be underestimated. In terms of test in our study, marks are fair and real. That is the reason why we say Everyone is equal before marks. However, I think marks are the sole standard to judge the success or failure of students in exams. Sometimes, marks more than ten or less than one or two in our exams comparing with others mean not everything. The success or failure in exams will be influenced by experience on the spot and the examinee's health etc. Once in a while one cannot fail in exams. Success or failure is common sense for military. I think everyone is familiar with the famous saying. Don't you think such will be the case with our study? In exams, one cannot be never-defeated general . Even though one will be very good in everyday study, he cannot succeed in every exam sometimes. We can get proof from the fact that the very best one we call Number One Scholar in the entrance exams for college and ordinary middle school and specialized secondary school over the years is not eminent above all others nor top student in every study. As a matter of fact, high marks and ability are not unified. Some time ago, a new phrase high marks but poor competence came into being. Once I happened to meet such a teacher as this .It is said that the teacher just graduated from a far-famed key university. But his teaching result is much less than that of the one who just graduated from a not-well-renowned college. When lecturing, the teacher only repeated what the text-books says, which was very dull so the his students' interest in learning was not aroused. His teaching was short of unity of teaching and learning. At present there is a fact that we know a few brilliant and top college graduates are not qualified for their posts. The reason for it may be lack of the ability to combine knowledge learnt from books with pragmatics in their work. Students of this kind will be successful in every exam but they will be able to use freely their knowledge in their posts. Don't you think it waste training such persons for the country? To sum up from the above, I can say marks are not absolutely authoritative for some. If we neglect training and developing the students' ability and competence and if we only seek for the high marks, we will be absolutely wrong. We should take an objective attitude towards the marks. Neither should we neglect them nor should we overvalue them like a God. 分数，对于我们学生来说，是至关重要的了。
老师要用分数来衡量我们—上初中，要分数;上高中，要分数;上 大学要分数，考研究生、博士要分数，出国、评职称还是要分数。
家长要用分数来要求我们;社会用分数来衡量我们。
而我们自己也常常用分数在相互直接做着攀比。
我们完全为分数所左右了，我们为它欢喜，我们为它丧气。
那么，我们应该怎样对待分数呢? 的确，分数有它不可低估的作用。
从检验学习的角度上来说，它具有一定的公平性和真实性，“分数面前人人平 等”，讲的就是这个道理。
然而，分数并不是估量一个学生成败得失的惟一标准。
考试成绩偶尔低了一两分乃至十来 分，并不一定说明什么问题。
考试的成败有时也会受到诸如临场经验、健康状况等方面的影响。
“胜败乃是兵家常事”这句话大概不会有人不知道，而我们在学习上又何尝不如此?在考试上很少有“常胜之师”，即使平时成绩再好的同 学，也难免会有偶尔的失误。
历届中考、高考“状元”并非就是平时出类拔萃的优等生的事实，便是明证。
事实上，“高分”与“能力”往往是不统一的。
前段时间，社会上出现了一个新词:“高分低能”。
笔者就曾经碰见这样一位教师，据说他毕业于某赫赫有名的重点大学，但从教学效果上讲，却远远逊色于一些非高等学府毕业的老师。
其授课只是照本宣读而已，枯燥乏味，缺乏一种教与学之间的协调功能。
根本不能引起听课同学的兴趣，目前不少大中专院校的高材生毕业后不能胜任他们的工作，原因就在于缺少将书本中的知识运用到实际工作中去的能力。
这种人，尽管在学校中每每能考出高分，可无法在工作岗位上灵活白如地运用自己所学到的知识。
国家培养出这样的“人材”，不也是一种浪费吗? 由此可见，分数并不如有些人想象得那么绝对和权威，忽视了对各方面才能的培养，只一味追求高分，是不行的。
因此，我们应该客观地去看待分数，既不应过分轻视它，也没有必要把它看得过于神圣。
------------ 这个简单点。
求研究生英语ppt演讲演讲稿,ppt大约十分钟，话题最好是比较贴近生活 谢谢~
00金融危机的成因及其治理对策【摘要】00年底以来，爆发，逐步演变为金融危机并向国外扩散。
特别是今年月份以来，国际金融形势急剧恶化，迅速演变成上大萧条以来最严重的。
金融危机又迅速影响实体经济，全球性经济衰退的风险明显增大。
如何迅速遏止金融危机、迅速遏制金融危机对实体经济的影响，是当前世界各国的头等大事和一致行动。
【关键词】金融危机次级贷金融创新CDS金融监管中国经济影响一、的内在原因的出现有其必然原因。
从本质上看，是美国低储蓄、高消的发展模式问题，从体制机制方面看，金融疏于监管，存在六个环节上的重弊。
（一）次级房地产按揭贷款。
按照国际惯例，购房按揭贷款是0%—0%的首付然后按月还本付息。
但美国为了刺激房地产消，在过去10年里购房实行“首付”，半年内不用还本付息，年内只付息不还本，甚至允许购房者将房介增值部分再次向银行抵押贷款。
这个世界上最浪漫的购房按揭贷款制度，让美国人超前消、超能力消，穷人都住上大房子，造就了美国经济辉煌的十年。
但这辉煌背后就潜伏了巨大的及关联的坏账隐患。
（二）房贷证券化。
出于流动性和分散风险的考虑，美国的银行金融讥构将购房按揭贷款包括次级按揭贷款打包证券化，通过卖给社会投资者。
巨大的就转嫁到资本市场，并进一步转嫁到全社会投资者——股民、企业以及全球各种银行和讥构投资者。
（三）第三个环节，的异化。
本是金融中介，但美国的投资银行为房贷证券化交易的巨额利润所惑而角色异化。
在通过承销债券赚取中介用的同时，大举买卖次级债券获取收益。
形象地说，是从赌场的发牌者变为赌徒甚至庄家。
角色的异化不仅使中介者失去公正，也将自己拖入泥潭不能自拔。
（四）金融杠杆率过高。
金融市场要稳定，金融杠杆率一定要合理。
美国金融讥构片面追逐利润过度扩张，用极小比例的自有资金通过大量负债实现规模扩张，杠杆率高达1:0—0甚至1:0—0。
在过去的年里，美国金融讥构以这个过高过大的杠杆率，炮制了一个巨大的市场和虚假的繁荣。
比如就用0亿美元自有资金，形成000亿美元左右的债券投资。
（五）信用违约掉期（CDS）。
美国的金融投资杠杆率能达到1:0—0，是因为CDS制度的存在，信用保险讥构为这些风险巨大的融资活动提供担保。
若融资方出现资金问题，由提供保险的讥构赔付。
但是，在没有发生违约行为时，保险讥构除了得到风险补偿外，还可将CDS在市场公开出售。
由此形成一个巨大的规模超过万亿美元的CDS市场。
CDS的出现，在规避局部风险的同时却增大金融整体风险，使分散的可控制的违约风险向信用保险讥构集中，变成高度集中的不可控制的风险。
（六）对冲基金缺乏监管。
以上五个环节相互作用，已经形成的源头，而“追涨杀跌”的对冲基金又加速危机的发酵爆发。
美国有大量缺乏政府监管的对冲基金，当美国经济快速发展时，对冲基金大做多，比如把石油推上1美元的天介；次贷危机爆发后，对冲基金又做空，加速整个系统的崩盘。
这六大环节一环扣一环，形成美国金融泡沫的螺旋体和生长链。
其中一环的破灭，就会产生多米诺骨牌效应，最终演变成今天美国乃至世界的金融危机。
二、走出危机需要三阶段统筹00年是应对的关键一年。
遏制危机并早日走出困境，必须标本兼治、远近结合。
当前燃眉之急是解决美国万亿美元的金融坏账，中期是防止金融危机变成经济危机，远期是建立新的世界货币体系。
（一）当前措施：三招救市这三招，一是股权重组，增资扩股；二是坏账打包、切割剥离；三是注入资金，解决流动性。
首先，政府对陷入危机的金融讥构进行重组，增资扩股。
比如美国把“两房”国有化，把私有企业变成了国有控股的企业。
其次，把银行的坏账剥离，打包放在一边，银行复苏后赎回资金，如果银行倒闭了，由政府埋单，将坏账清。
第三，当银行陷入流动性危机，老百姓挤兑时，注入资金，增加现金流。
或者政府出面担保，增强社会信心；或者政府出面担保，让其他银行拆借。
根据测算，美国大约有万亿美元坏账，今年通过采取这三招大体解决了1万亿美元坏账，明年还将要解决剩下的1万亿美元坏账。
（二）中期目标：振兴实体经济如何遏制实体经济下滑，是全球高度重视和重点解决的问题。
解决的办法，仍然是增加投资、刺激消、加大出口的三条途径和宽松的货币政策、积极的财政政策。
目前，各国政府都启动了增加投资和刺激消的政策，并且摒弃贸易保护主义而采取共同行动。
在中期，各国政府会采取三个方面的措施。
首先是宽松的货币政策，松动银根，降息、降低准备金率，增加流动性。
其次是积极的财政政策，财政补助困难企业和困难群体，帮助他们渡过难关、增强活力。
第三是培育市场主体。
抓住目前大批企业减产停产、破产关闭的时机，推进并购重组，推进企业改造发展。
作为美国政府，除了启动投资、消、出口三大需求，推进产业、企业的结构调整，振兴实体经济之外，还要亡羊补牢，从体制机制上解决滋生金融六个环节弊端的根本问题，健全金融制度。
（三）长期指向：重构1年形成的布雷顿森林体系，以黄金为基础、以美元作为最主要的国际储备货币，美元直接与黄金挂钩，各国货币与美元固定汇率挂钩，并可按美元一盎司的官介向美国兑换黄金。
00年代后期，随着美国国际收支趋向恶化，出现全球性“美元过剩”，美国黄金大量外流，美国的黄金储备不能支撑美元的泛滥。
11年月，尼克松政府被迫宣布放弃“美元本位制”，实行黄金与美元比介的自由浮动。
欧洲经济共同体和日本、加拿大等国宣布实行浮动汇率。
1年布雷顿森林体系正式瓦解后，尽管美元不再承担兑换黄金的义务，欧元、日元实力日强，但美元的核心地位没有改变。
美国作为国际货币的主要发行者，本应该恪守世界金融制度，增强美元的货币责任意识，防止滥用货币发行权。
喔 还有就是，目前我在学的ABC天卞英语的教师要我明白，事实上想将英语学好是不难的；必须具有好的研习情境跟闇练口语对象 重点就是老师教学经验，口语标准才可以，持续天天口语学习 1 on 1加强化教学就有更.好.的学习成效；课程结束后需要回放复习课堂录音档，更可以加深印象
实在是真的没人帮忙的环境，就去 VOA或大耳朵拿到课外教材阅读 多问多听不知不觉的语境就提升起来 学习效果会非常突飞猛进的 但从这几十年特别是近十来年的实践看，美国没有肩负起职责，利益和责任失衡。
00年，美国GDP1.万亿美元，贷款余额1万亿美元，超过GDP0%，股票市值0万亿美元，超过GDP0%。
美国政府欠债超过10万亿美元，人均负债万美元。
各项金融指标的狂涨意味着大量的泡沫，必将带来金融动荡。
从宏观上看，这次国际金融危机是现有世界货币体系的积弊所致。
因此，重构适应国际经济新秩序的货币体系是必然趋势。
怎样的世界货币体系才是合理的
我认为，未来的世界货币体系应该是美元、欧元、亚元（以人民币和日元为主的亚洲货币）三大世界主体货币三足鼎立的新体系。
三大货币之间实行相对稳定的浮动汇率，各国货币与三大货币挂钩。
三大主体货币对应的国家应实行“G本位”——以GDP为本位。
即GDP与银行贷款余额、与股市市值、与房地产市值应该大致相当，虚拟经济与实体经济保持合理的比例。
三、中国经济有强大的抗危机能力目前，世界金融危机对中国也产生了影响，股市、房市回调，沿海加工贸易企业订单减少，部分企业停产破产关闭，中小企业融资难问题更加突出。
但是，从总体上看，在世界经济加速下滑的背景下，中国经济风景尚好。
为什么
中国经济有六大优势：第一，巨额的外汇储备。
目前已有1万千亿美元外汇储备，足可抗御外来风险的冲击。
第二，传统的储蓄美德和较高的储蓄率。
中国老百姓勤劳节俭，有储蓄的传统美德。
00年中国居民储蓄达到1.亿元，储蓄率达到0%以上。
中国政府内债、外债的总和不到GDP的0%，财政负债风险不高。
第三，审慎严而又灵活，既管制又自由的外汇管理政策。
资本项下实行管制，外国资本不能随意地进出中国，而在经常项目下的外汇进出又较为自由灵活。
第四，广阔的发展空间和巨大的内需市场。
中国正处于工业化、城镇化的高速发展期和人民生活水平的快速提升期，到00年将建成全面小康社会，中国人均GDP10年后会突破1万美元。
广阔的发展空间和强大的内需，不仅支撑中国经济持续快速发展，对缓解世界金融危机也将发挥重要作用。
第五，健康的金融体系和严的金融监管。
中国的金融体系经过几十年来的改革发展已经基本完善，抵御市场风险的能力显著增强。
中国金融制度健全管理严，且严控制金融衍生产品，没有出现类似于美国金融体系那样的问题。
第六，强大的制度优势和政府宏观调控能力。
中国社会稳定、政治稳定，法制逐步健全，发展环境不断改善。
中央政府有高超的领导艺术，见事早、行动快，宏观调控的预见性、针对性和实效性不断提高。
比如今年，上半年保持经济平稳较快发展、控制物介过快上涨；月以后加大宏观调控力度，实施灵活审慎的宏观经济政策；11月份以后果断实施积极财政政策和适度宽松货币政策等等，促进经济增长、稳定市场信心。
总体来看，中国经济增长今年将有所放缓，00年上半年惯性下滑，下半年开始走出世界经济衰退的阴影。
国际金融危机则到00年底见底，经济危机到010年底左右见底，011—01年开始复苏。
以上是重庆市副市长写的，分析的很到位。
你摘抄的写就行
英语演讲稿，带中文，三分钟以内，高中生
Madam President Faust, members of the Harvard Corporation and the Board of Overseers, faculty, family, friends, and, most importantly, today's graduates, 尊敬的Faust校长，哈佛集团的各位成员，监管理事会的各位理事，各位老师，各位家长，各位朋友，以及最重要的各位毕业生同学， Thank you for letting me share this wonderful day with you. 感谢你们，让我有机会同你们一起分享这个美妙的日子。
I am not sure I can live up to the high standards of Harvard Commencement speakers. Last year, J.K. Rowling, the billionaire novelist, who started as a classics student, graced this podium. The year before, Bill Gates, the mega-billionaire philanthropist and computer nerd stood here. Today, sadly, you have me. I am not a billionaire, but at least I am a nerd. 我不太肯定，自己够得上哈佛大学毕业典礼演讲人这样的殊荣。
去年登上这个讲台的是，英国亿万身家的小说家J.K. Rowling女士，她最早是一个古典文学的学生。
前年站在这里的是比尔•盖茨先生，他是一个超级富翁、一个慈善家和电脑高手。
今年很遗憾，你们的演讲人是我，虽然我不是很有钱，但是至少我也算一个高手。
I am grateful to receive an honorary degree from Harvard, an honor that means more to me than you might care to imagine. You see, I was the academic black sheep of my family. My older brother has an M.D.\\\/Ph.D. from MIT and Harvard while my younger brother has a law degree from Harvard. When I was awarded a Nobel Prize, I thought my mother would be pleased. Not so. When I called her on the morning of the announcement, she replied, That's nice, but when are you going to visit me next. Now, as the last brother with a degree from Harvard, maybe, at last, she will be satisfied. 我很感激哈佛大学给我荣誉学位，这对我很重要，也许比你们会想到的还要重要。
要知道，在学术上，我是我们家的不肖之子。
我的哥哥在麻省理工学院得到医学博士，在哈佛大学得到哲学博士；我的弟弟在哈佛大学得到一个法律学位。
我本人得到诺贝尔奖的时候，我想我的妈妈会高兴。
但是，我错了。
消息公布的那天早上，我给她打电话，她听了只说：这是好消息，不过我想知道，你下次什么时候来看我
如今在我们兄弟当中，我最终也拿到了哈佛学位，我想这一次，她会感到满意。
Another difficulty with giving a Harvard commencement address is that some of you may disapprove of the fact that I have borrowed material from previous speeches. I ask that you forgive me for two reasons. 在哈佛大学毕业典礼上发表演讲，还有一个难处，那就是你们中有些人可能有意见，不喜欢我重复前人演讲中说过的话。
我要求你们谅解我，因为两个理由。
First, in order to have impact, it is important to deliver the same message more than once. In science, it is important to be the first person to make a discovery, but it is even more important to be the last person to make that discovery. 首先，为了产生影响力，很重要的方法就是重复传递同样的信息。
在科学中，第一个发现者是重要的，但是在得到公认前，最后一个将这个发现重复做出来的人也许更重要。
Second, authors who borrow from others are following in the footsteps of the best. Ralph Waldo Emerson, who graduated from Harvard at the age of 18, noted All my best thoughts were stolen by the ancients. Picasso declared Good artists borrow. Great artists steal. Why should commencement speakers be held to a higher standard? 其次，一个借鉴他人的作者，正走在一条前人开辟的最佳道路上。
哈佛大学毕业生、诗人爱默生曾经写下：古人把我最好的一些思想都偷走了。
画家毕加索宣称优秀的艺术家借鉴，伟大的艺术家偷窃。
那么为什么毕业典礼的演说者，就不适用同样的标准呢
I also want to point out the irony of speaking to graduates of an institution that would have rejected me, had I the chutzpah to apply. I am married to Dean Jean, the former dean of admissions at Stanford. She assures me that she would have rejected me, if given the chance. When I showed her a draft of this speech, she objected strongly to my use of the word rejected. She never rejected applicants; her letters stated that we are unable to offer you admission. I have difficulty understanding the difference. After all, deans of admissions of highly selective schools are in reality, deans of rejection. Clearly, I have a lot to learn about marketing. 我还要指出一点，向哈佛毕业生发表演说，对我来说是有讽刺意味的，因为如果当年我斗胆向哈佛大学递交入学申请，一定会被拒绝。
我的妻子Jean当过斯坦福大学的招生主任，她向我保证，如果当年我申请斯坦福大学，她会拒绝我。
我把这篇演讲的草稿给她过目，她强烈反对我使用拒绝这个词，她从来不拒绝任何申请者。
在拒绝信中，她总是写：我们无法提供你入学机会。
我分不清两者到底有何差别。
在我看来，那些大热门学校的招生主任与其称为准许你入学的主任，还不如称为拒绝你入学的主任。
很显然，我需要好好学学怎么来推销自己。
My address will follow the classical sonata form of commencement addresses. The first movement, just presented, were light-hearted remarks. This next movement consists of unsolicited advice, which is rarely valued, seldom remembered, never followed. As Oscar Wilde said, The only thing to do with good advice is to pass it on. It is never of any use to oneself. So, here comes the advice. First, every time you celebrate an achievement, be thankful to those who made it possible. Thank your parents and friends who supported you, thank your professors who were inspirational, and especially thank the other professors whose less-than-brilliant lectures forced you to teach yourself. Going forward, the ability to teach yourself is the hallmark of a great liberal arts education and will be the key to your success. To your fellow students who have added immeasurably to your education during those late night discussions, hug them. Also, of course, thank Harvard. Should you forget, there's an alumni association to remind you. Second, in your future life, cultivate a generous spirit. In all negotiations, don't bargain for the last, little advantage. Leave the change on the table. In your collaborations, always remember that credit is not a conserved quantity. In a successful collaboration, everybody gets 90 percent of the credit. 毕业典礼演讲都遵循古典奏鸣曲的结构，我的演讲也不例外。
刚才是第一乐章----轻快的闲谈。
接下来的第二乐章是送上门的忠告。
这样的忠告很少被重视，几乎注定被忘记，永远不会被实践。
但是，就像王尔德说的：对于忠告，你所能做的，就是把它送给别人，因为它对你没有任何用处。
所以，下面就是我的忠告。
第一，取得成就的时候，不要忘记前人。
要感谢你的父母和支持你的朋友，要感谢那些启发过你的教授，尤其要感谢那些上不好课的教授，因为他们迫使你自学。
从长远看，自学能力是优秀的文理教育中必不可少的，将成为你成功的关键。
你还要去拥抱你的同学，感谢他们同你进行过的许多次彻夜长谈，这为你的教育带来了无法衡量的价值。
当然，你还要感谢哈佛大学。
不过即使你忘了这一点，校友会也会来提醒你。
第二，在你们未来的人生中，做一个慷慨大方的人。
在任何谈判中，都把最后一点点利益留给对方。
不要把桌上的钱都拿走。
在合作中，要牢记荣誉不是一个守恒的量。
成功合作的任何一方，都应获得全部荣誉的90%。
Jimmy Stewart, as Elwood P. Dowd in the movie Harvey got it exactly right. He said: Years ago my mother used to say to me, 'In this world, Elwood, you must be ... she always used to call me Elwood ... in this world, Elwood, you must be oh so smart or oh so pleasant.' Well, for years I was smart. ... I recommend pleasant. You may quote me on that. 电影《Harvey》中，Jimmy Stewart扮演的角色Elwood P. Dowd，就完全理解这一点。
他说：多年前，母亲曾经对我说，'Elwood，活在这个世界上，你要么做一个聪明人，要么做一个好人。
'我做聪明人，已经做了好多年了。
......但是，我推荐你们做好人。
你们可以引用我这句话。
My third piece of advice is as follows: As you begin this new stage of your lives, follow your passion. If you don't have a passion, don't be satisfied until you find one. Life is too short to go through it without caring deeply about something. When I was your age, I was incredibly single-minded in my goal to be a physicist. After college, I spent eight years as a graduate student and postdoc at Berkeley, and then nine years at Bell Labs. During that my time, my central focus and professional joy was physics. 我的第三个忠告是，当你开始生活的新阶段时，请跟随你的爱好。
如果你没有爱好，就去找，找不到就不罢休。
生命太短暂，如果想有所成，你必须对某样东西倾注你的深情。
我在你们这个年龄，是超级的一根筋，我的目标就是非成为物理学家不可。
本科毕业后，我在加州大学伯克利分校又待了8年，读完了研究生，做完了博士后，然后去贝尔实验室待了9年。
在这些年中，我关注的中心和职业上的全部乐趣，都来自物理学。
Here is my final piece of advice. Pursuing a personal passion is important, but it should not be your only goal. When you are old and gray, and look back on your life, you will want to be proud of what you have done. The source of that pride won't be the things you have acquired or the recognition you have received. It will be the lives you have touched and the difference you have made. 我还有最后一个忠告，就是说兴趣爱好固然重要，但是你不应该只考虑兴趣爱好。
当你白发苍苍、垂垂老矣、回首人生时，你需要为自己做过的事感到自豪。
你的物质生活和得到的承认，都不会产生自豪。
只有那些你出手相助、被你改变过的人和事，才会让你产生自豪。
After nine years at Bell labs, I decided to leave that warm, cozy ivory tower for what I considered to be the real world, a university. Bell Labs, to quote what was said about Mary Poppins, was practically perfect in every way, but I wanted to leave behind something more than scientific articles. I wanted to teach and give birth to my own set of scientific children. 在贝尔实验室待了9年后，我决定离开这个温暖舒适的象牙塔，走进我眼中的真实世界----大学。
我对贝尔实验室的看法，就像别人形容电影Mary Poppins的话，实际上完美无缺。
但是，我想为世界留下更多的东西，不只是科学论文。
我要去教书，培育我自己在科学上的后代。
Ted Geballe, a friend and distinguished colleague of mine at Stanford, who also went from Berkeley to Bell Labs to Stanford years earlier, described our motives best: 我在斯坦福大学有一个好友兼杰出同事Ted Geballe。
他也是从伯克利分校去了贝尔实验室，几年前又离开贝尔实验室去了斯坦福大学。
他对我们的动机做出了最佳描述： The best part of working at a university is the students. They come in fresh, enthusiastic, open to ideas, unscarred by the battles of life. They don't realize it, but they're the recipients of the best our society can offer. If a mind is ever free to be creative, that's the time. They come in believing textbooks are authoritative, but eventually they figure out that textbooks and professors don't know everything, and then they start to think on their own. Then, I begin learning from them. 在大学工作，最大的优点就是学生。
他们生机勃勃，充满热情，思想自由，还没被生活的重压改变。
虽然他们自己没有意识到，但是他们是这个社会中你能找到的最佳受众。
如果生命中曾经有过思想自由和充满创造力的时期，那么那个时期就是你在读大学。
进校时，学生们对课本上的一字一句毫不怀疑，渐渐地，他们发现课本和教授并不是无所不知的，于是他们开始独立思考。
从那时起，就是我开始向他们学习了。
My students, post doctoral fellows, and the young researchers who worked with me at Bell Labs, Stanford, and Berkeley have been extraordinary. Over 30 former group members are now professors, many at the best research institutions in the world, including Harvard. I have learned much from them. Even now, in rare moments on weekends, the remaining members of my biophysics group meet with me in the ether world of cyberspace. 我教过的学生、带过的博士后、合作过的年轻同事，都非常优秀。
他们中有30多人，现在已经是教授了。
他们所在的研究机构有不少是全世界第一流的，其中就包括哈佛大学。
我从他们身上学到了很多东西。
即使现在，我偶尔还会周末上网，向现在还从事生物物理学研究的学生请教。
I began teaching with the idea of giving back; I received more than I gave. This brings me to the final movement of this speech. It begins with a story about an extraordinary scientific discovery and a new dilemma that it poses. It's a call to arms and about making a difference. 我怀着回报社会的想法，开始了教学生涯。
我的一生中，得到的多于我付出的，所以我要回报社会。
这就引出了这次演讲的最后一个乐章。
首先我要讲一个了不起的科学发现，以及由此带来的新挑战。
它是一个战斗的号令，到了做出改变的时候了。
