急需关于豫园的导游词说(英语版,大约能讲四五分钟或更多)
Yuyuan Garden is located in the center of Shanghai’s Old City, not far from the Bund. With a total area of less than 5 acres, it has more than 40 attractions in the inner and outer gardens, both built in the Ming Dynasty classical style. The garden is believed to be built in the Ming Dynasty more than 400 years ago. Built in traditional Chinese style with numerous rock and tree garden areas, ponds, dragon-lined walls and numerous doorways and zigzagging bridges separating the various garden areas and pavilions.The garden covers a significant space and include a few halls, springs and other buildings of interest and cultural relics including century-old furniture, calligraphy and paintings of famous artistists,clay sculptures and brick carvings, some inscriptions and couplets. One of the highlights in the garden is the Exquisite Jade Rock. It is a 5-ton porous, beautifully shaped grotesque rock which is said to be carried from Tia lake in Wuxi, Jiangsu province. The rock is characterized by its wrinkled appearance, slender shape, translucent nature and numerous holes eroded by water. An interesting legend goes that the rock was found some 1000 years ago and it was originally one of the Emperor Huizong’s private collections before it found its way in the Yuyuan Garden. The exquisite layout, beautiful scenery, and the artistic style of the garden architecture have made the garden one of the highlights in Shanghai. The surrounding bazaar area provides good shopping opportunity, where traditional Chinese products and gold and jewels are available on sale.
求英文导游词
Members Guest: How are you! Welcome you to beautiful Lake Ten Thousand Buddhas. My name is XXX, I led today by the tour we visited the Lake Ten Thousand Buddhas, we can call me X guide. Am pleased to be able to know so many in this new friend, from now on I will be full and you together to give you to explain and services, wish you all during this tour and spent a good time, leaving behind an unforgettable memory of . Makha Bucha Lake is located in central Shucheng, from the provincial capital Hefei 80 km away from Shanghai-Chengdu high-speed, Hefei-Jiujiang Railway 60 kilometers away from Nanjing, Wuhan and other cities to 3 hours by car. Makha Bucha lake was originally called Long River Reservoir, which was built in the twentieth century, the sixties, and surface area of 50 square kilometers, capacity of 903 million cubic meters of water, shore line of 205 km, is a world famous engineering Pishihang an important component of western Anhui Province One of the five reservoirs. The source of its water from the scenic 10000 Foshan, so named Lake Ten Thousand Buddhas. Makha Bucha a total area of 135 square kilometers Lake Scenic Area is a national AAAA-class tourist area, the national water scenic spots, national geological parks, provincial-level scenic spots, the provincial tourist resort. Anhui Tourism Ten holiday base. Hailed as the Beidaihe Anhui, Hefei back garden. Tour the lake, you can walk through the many islands, watch those patterns vary, Green was lovely, beautiful and enchanting jade bead-like islands embedded disk. You can also go to kaolao Hill, appreciation feng shui treasure land five old concept of Tai Chi, pay tribute the three famous Zhou Yu ancestors resting place. Big Meishan here is that the Han Nam Cheong Wei mefo retreat, the mountain mefo holes remaining. Here you can experience the ancient sages who resign do not do the home to the life of cliff caves, the realm of imagination that he ascended to heaven eclosion. West to where Xu, there is a stones landscape, bordered by a lake due to wind and rain erosion of rock to form a strange scene, with trunk stone, Remy Martin, turtle Mochizuki, and Diaoyutai. Appreciate the nature of those given to poke magnificent treasures of the lake. East to the cruise is a mountain of rubble, leaves the site location of pier, where you can visit to Cuba Exploration, look for our forefathers fishing, hunting, slash and burn marks, laments poke Lake Cangsang history. Ship by Sanjiang Wharf, its south-east direction is reputed internationally renowned xitangchi spa, and where we wear the name Tongcheng School Ancient World's hot spring in mind, inscriptions Mei-wen, as well as senmyi sharp fairy bridge, five Long Miao, mirrors, stone , couples Peak, Lotus Peak, Lion Rock and the Longtan Lake, and many other scenic spots. But you should enjoy to enjoy the heat of radon mineral baths in comfortable and beautiful. Night under the Ten Thousand Buddha Lake, hazy mystery, you can Tayue waterfront, sitting stone Rinpu to listen to it Cantabile, such as v. of waves, pondering that the chopped Jiao pesticides for the benefit of common people, the beautiful legend, which would you Way back into the reveries into distant. Makha Bucha Lake a good ecological environment, Lake Inlet Harbor aspect twists and turns, lush forest plants bigger and bigger and all kinds of bird habitat, created Nagisa duck, pheasant dock, Egret Island and other natural landscape, every time, Han bo faint So, we see Shiratori leisurely down, so that you have exposure in the With wide sea diving, birds and sailing days of high office, realm. Makha Bucha lake islands everywhere, the significant gesture, and some, such as green turtles floating back, and some, such as the Great Turtle water, and some may Ziyan cut water, and some cows may lie shallows. Have been developed are Gold Coast, swallows Island, Peach Blossom Island, Hibiscus Island, and Hui Cui many forests and so on, has formed a distinctive point of view highlights. Makha Bucha, or Dabie Lake (Lu'an) National Geological Park, an important component. In the 1.4 to 1.2 million years ago about the late Jurassic, the global volcanic activity is strong, is located in the Pacific Ocean to bring the activities of the Ten Thousand Buddhas rock Prize Lake Park, has experienced four large volcanic eruptions, the depths of these self-Earth After condensation of the hot magma emitted, forming a volcanic landscape area. 各位游客： 你们好!欢迎大家来到风光秀丽的万佛湖。
我叫XXX，今天由我带领大家参观游览万佛湖，大家可以叫我X导。
很高兴能够在此认识这么多的新朋友，从现在起我将全程和你们在一起，为大家作讲解和服务，祝愿各位在此游览期间，度过一段美好的时光，留下一段难忘的记忆。
万佛湖位于舒城县中部，距省会合肥80公里，距沪蓉高速、合九铁路60公里，距南京、武汉等城市为3个小时左右车程。
万佛湖原名龙河口水库，它建成于二十世纪六十年代，水面面积50平方公里，容水量9.03亿立方米，湖岸线205公里，是举世闻名的淠史杭工程重要组成部分、皖西五大水库之一。
因其水的源头来自风景秀丽的万佛山，故命名为万佛湖。
万佛湖风景区总面积135平方公里，是国家AAAA级旅游区、国家级水利风景区、国家地质公园、省级风景名胜区、省级旅游度假区。
安徽省旅游十大度假基地。
被誉为“安徽的北戴河，合肥的后花园”。
畅游湖面，你可以穿行于众多岛屿之间，观赏那些形态各异、绿得可爱、美得醉人如玉盘嵌珠似的岛屿。
你还可去栲栳山，鉴赏风水宝地“五老观太极”，凭吊三国名将周瑜先祖安息之地。
这里的大梅山，就是汉代南昌尉梅福隐居之地，山上梅福洞尚存。
在这里你可体验一下这位辞官不做的先贤洞穴崖居的生活情景，想象他羽化升天的境界。
西去里许，有一处奇石景观，临湖岩石因风雨剥蚀，形成奇特景象，有象鼻石、人头马、神龟望月和钓鱼台等。
欣赏大自然赐给万佛湖的这些瑰丽的宝藏。
乘游船东去，是瓦砾山、叶墩遗址所在地，在那里你可访古探微，寻找我们祖先当年捕鱼狩猎、刀耕火种的痕迹，感叹万佛湖的苍桑历史。
船靠三江码头，其东南方向就是名震遐迩的西汤池温泉了，那里有桐城派古文大家戴名世的《温泉记》碑刻美文，还有仙米尖、仙人桥、五龙庙、镜子石、情侣峰、莲花峰、狮子石和龙潭湖等诸多胜景。
但你更应该尽情地享受一下高热氡矿泉浴的舒坦和美妙。
夜幕下的万佛湖，朦胧神秘，你可以踏月水滨，坐石临风，聆听那如歌如诉的涛声，回味那“斩蛟除害，造福苍生”的优美传说，它会把你带到悠远的遐思遥想之中。
万佛湖生态环境良好，湖汊港湾纵横曲折，林木水草茂盛丰盈，是各种禽鸟栖息之地，造就了野鸭渚、雉鸡坞、白鹭洲等自然景观，每当“寒波淡淡起”，便看到“白鸟悠悠下”，使你有置身于“海阔凭鱼跃，天高任鸟飞”的境界。
万佛湖岛屿林立，各显姿态，有的如绿龟浮背，有的如鳌鱼出水，有的似紫燕剪水，有的似牛卧浅滩。
已开发的有金海岸、燕子岛、桃花岛、芙蓉岛和徽萃山林等多处，已形成了各具特色的观点亮点。
万佛湖还是大别山（六安）国家地质公园的重要组成部分。
在距今约1.4至1.2亿年的侏罗纪晚期，全球火山活动强烈，地处太平洋岩奖活动带上的万佛湖园区，先后经历了四次大规模的火山喷发，这些自地球深处喷出的炽热岩浆冷凝后，形成了火山岩地貌区。
汇源当铺导游词讲解4分钟左右
源典当行汇源当是乌镇首富徐东号的第九代徐涣藻所设，它创建于清朝光绪年间，旧时乌镇是一个两省三府七县交接之地，经济繁荣，故而典当行也特别多，最多时达十三家，后经时代的变迁，典当行也曾消失了几十年。
现因旅游的开发，使这家古老的典当行又恢复了往年的面貌。
现在就让我们进去看一下吧。
首先映入眼帘的便是高墙上特别醒“当”字，这墙称之为照墙，它有两种含义，其一它是一个玄关；其二是因为当铺是一件很没有面子的事情，害怕被街上认识的人看到，所以设墙挡之，起到了“遮羞”的作用。
由此可见当年的商家已经考虑到了顾客的心理。
当铺的柜台特别高，有8米在古代的时候有些当铺的柜台比这还要高，可达0米呢。
那么您可能会奇怪为什么建这么高
其实呢这是为了使当铺的朝奉先生居高临下，让他气势凛人面对顾客，可以更好地压底价格，而且起到了保护的作用，避免打架斗殴。
这边请，我们去里面看一下。
一进门，我们便看见在西墙边有一张特别的床，这便是卷当床，它是用来整理一些典当衣服和物品的。
在卷当床的两边我们看到了两股麻绳，这麻绳便是用以包扎典当物品的。
在这边有一块特别的木牌，被称之为望牌，其实就相当于我们现在的日历表。
望牌一、三两行采用了《千字文》中的十八个字，这些字是可以移动的，为什么采用十八个字呢
那是因为旧时典当物品最长的时间就是十八个月，每个字代表一个月，物品存放了一个月后对应的字移过一格，移到十八格后，此物未能赎回，店主即可自行处理。
中间这“天然几”上供奉了三位财神。
这三位当中，脸颊特别红的呢，故名思意就是关公，旁边这位是赵公明元帅，他们两位是武财神，后边这一位看他的着装打扮便知他是一位文财神——增福。
这边的这张桌子，我们称之为“管钱桌”，里面存放一些钱币，用于支付典当物品，旧时这位子的工作人员就相当于现在的出纳。
坐的这个就称为钱榻，它即可以坐人而且还可以存放零钱。
那么在这边的便是一个小小的帐桌，它主要做一些典当业中所独有的一些帐簿。
旧时徽字先生那龙飞凤舞的也是在这边开的再往里走就是一间首饰房了。
靠墙这些有抽屉的木柜在旧时是用来存放一些金银细软的。
在我们左手边的这张桌子为真正的帐桌，做类似于流水帐一类的帐目。
在这旁边的楼梯下，是一个很深很暗的暗房，起避难应急之用，因而它靠首饰房特别近，以便于贵重物品的转移。
沿着楼梯上楼时，迎面看到了两个只有在典当铺中才能见到的神位。
左边的是火神，旧时主人为防火灾而供奉祈求平安。
另外一位便是号神，“号”与“耗”谐音，顾名思义是为了防老鼠的。
旧时的当铺还是不能养猫的噢
中英文对照导游词
北京天安门 中英文导游词Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps: 1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony) 2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower. 3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed. 4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites. 5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country. Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”. During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities. On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution. The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept. The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west. The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament. The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely. In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration. On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chine\\\\a. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper. Tian’anmen Square Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st. Around the Square are several famous buildings: 1 The Great Hall of the People This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features. 2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919: 1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC); 2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.); 3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.); 4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.) The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949. 3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value. On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai. At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are: 1) The Burning of Opium in 1840: 2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi; 3) The Revolution of 1911; 4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919; 5) The May 30th Movement of 1925; 6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi; 7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945; 8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”. 4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977. The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children. Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country. In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him. On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country. Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999. 各位游客朋友： 我们我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。
大家可以看一下，我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上，距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。
我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。
大家向我这里聚一下，我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。
（手势，向北指）大家先向这边看。
（稍停顿，待游客目光集中于手指方向）我爱北京--天-安-门。
一会儿，我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。
除了天安门城楼外，我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。
大家回一下头，您看到了，这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了，随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。
纪念碑南边的建筑就是毛主席纪念堂，我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰毛主席遗容，如果您有意去的话，可以告诉我，我会尽量满足您的愿望。
天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆，这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。
和她相对着的，（手势，向西指）西边的这座建筑，就是非常著名的人民大会堂。
关于她，一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。
好好好，大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。
拍照前我给大家提个醒，大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照，旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。
另外，大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话，建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍，在这边是逆光，会影响照片的效果。
给大家10分钟时间，拍完照请到这里集合，我在这里等大家. 下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。
天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门，始建于明永乐十五年（1417），最初叫做承天门，取承天启运，受命于天之意。
清顺治八年（1651年）重修而改名天安门，含受命于天和安邦治民的意思。
至今已有580多年的历史了，是全国重点文物保护单位。
天安门城楼，建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上，造型庄重浑厚，宏伟典雅，是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。
城楼通高34.7米。
城台上的大殿宽九楹（62.77米），进深五楹（27.25米），象征封建帝王的九五至尊。
大殿为重檐歇山式，朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。
南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇，殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画，金碧辉煌，极为雄伟壮观。
1988年的元旦，天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。
在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门，明清时代，这里的门、桥行走规制森严，中门为皇帝进出专用。
皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天，夏至去地坛祭地，孟春赴先农坛耕籍田，都要出入天安门。
那么，在当时，是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢
这位朋友答的对，不是。
大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗
（稍做停顿）让我来告诉大家。
此外，皇帝的父母可从中门入宫；皇帝大婚，皇后可从中门进入一次；新科状元等金殿传胪后，可从中门出宫一回。
除此之外，严禁任何人进出，否则是要治重罪的。
中门左右的两座旁门，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。
过去天安门是座只进喜，不出丧的吉祥之门 好好天安门的设计者是蒯（kuǎi）祥。
蒯祥是江苏吴县人，明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭，他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅，能主建大型工程。
蒯祥受父亲影响，从小学艺，勤奋好学，聪慧过人，三十来岁时，已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。
燕王朱棣，也就是后来的永乐皇帝，经靖难之役取得帝位后，决定从南京迁都北京。
永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门（初名承天门）等宏伟建筑。
蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺，被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。
当时人们尊称他为蒯鲁班。
蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官职，为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。
天安门是明清两朝历代帝王金凤颁诏的重地，凡遇国家庆典、新帝即位、皇帝结婚、册立皇后，都需要在此举行颁诏仪式。
届时于城楼大殿前正中设立宣诏台。
由礼部尚书在紫禁城太和殿奉接皇帝诏书，盖上御宝，把诏书敬放在云盘内，捧出太和门，置于抬着的龙亭内，再出午门，登上天安门城楼。
然后将诏书恭放于宣诏台上，由宣诏官进行宣读。
文武百官按等级依次排列于金水桥南，面北而跪恭听。
宣诏完毕，就把皇帝诏书衔放在一只木雕金凤的嘴里，再用黄绒绳从上系下，礼部官员托着朵云盘在下跪接，接着用龙亭将诏书抬到礼部，经黄纸誊写，分送各地，布告天下。
这种颁发封建帝王圣旨礼仪的全过程，就叫做金凤颁诏。
好好我国古代有人生四喜的说法，也就是久旱逢甘霖，他乡遇故知，洞房花烛夜，金榜题名时。
现在，问大家一个有意思的问题，哪位朋友知道，金榜题名的金榜张贴在什么地方
（稍停，待游客猜测）到底在哪里呢
请听我下文分解。
明清时代盛行科举制度，每逢殿试后的第三天，新考中的进士们恭立于天安门金水桥南，等候传呼他们进太和殿朝拜皇帝的礼仪，名叫金殿传胪。
当在太和殿传胪唱名后，礼部官员捧着皇帝钦定的黄榜，带领新科状元、榜眼、探花们出午门，再将黄榜放在龙亭内，在鼓乐仪仗的簇拥下抬出天安门，将黄榜张贴于龙门，也就是当时的长安左门外的龙棚里，公布天下，这里就是张贴金榜的地方，长安左门的位置大致是现在的劳动人民文化宫门前东南侧。
天安门历经沧桑，在新中国成立后，更焕发出了耀人的光彩。
1949年的10月1日，主席在天安门城楼上向全世界宣布了社会主义新中国的诞生，天安门不再是至高无上的封建皇权的象征，而成为了一个新生的人民民主国家的标志，在国徽图案的中央，我们可以看到这座庄严雄伟的建筑。
建国以后，这里成为国家举行重大庆典活动的场所，特别是每逢国庆，党和国家领导人都要登上天安门城楼主持庆典并和各界群众联欢。
天安门前的金水河又称御河、外金水河。
河上横跨七座石桥，中桥正对天安门的中门，叫御路桥，最宽大，雕龙修饰，供帝、后专用。
两旁桥名王公桥，为宗室王公行走。
外侧的两桥称品级桥，供三品以上官员通行。
以上五桥均为三孔。
位于太庙（今劳动人民文化宫）和社稷坛（今中山公园）门前的单孔石桥，叫公生桥，为四品以下官员过往。
那时门、桥行走等级森严，不得有丝毫触犯。
天安门前，也是明清两代进行秋审和朝审的地方。
封建王朝的最高执法机关--刑部衙门，每年五月要把全国各省被判死刑的囚犯名单汇集起来，敬呈皇帝过目。
八月中旬，皇帝诏令有关官员在天安门前进行最后判决，这叫秋审。
朝审则在霜降后举行，主要终审在北京刑部监狱里关押的死刑犯。
这就是为什么以前被判处死刑的人要秋后问斩。
凡经秋审、朝审判处死刑的人，立即推出虎门--长安右门，押赴宣武门外的菜市口等刑场处决。
因此人们对长安左、右门，有龙门与虎门之称。
即凡出'龙门者，荣登金榜，前程似锦；而押出虎门者，则被终判死罪，毫无生还之望。
长安右门的位置大致是在现中山公园门前西南侧。
在天安门南北门外，分别耸立有一对雕刻精美、挺拔秀丽的云龙华表。
据《淮南子·主术训》记载，远在尧舜时代就有街头设表木的做法，用以王者纳谏，征求民众意见以治天下。
到秦汉时期，表木被改为指路标，叫华表。
后来华表经不断美化，便逐渐演变成为中国独具民族建筑特色的艺术装饰品，深为世人所青睐。
系神话传说中的神异物，用汉白玉石雕成蹲于每支华表顶端的承露盘中，双目炯炯有神，密切注视前方。
于天安门里的 脸朝北，双目紧盯皇宫，名望君出，它提醒皇帝不要迷恋深宫生活，而应及时出宫巡视，以利治理天下。
在天安门外一对华表的 则脸朝南，双目向远方眺望，名望君归。
它时时关注皇帝外巡中的行为举止，如不检点或时间长了，望君归就呼唤帝王不得沉米山水、野趣、而应早日回宫，料理国家大事。
好好天安门金水桥前的这一对大石狮，雕工精绝，造型逼真，威武异常。
它们的双目都紧紧注视着天安门前正中的御道（中轴线），以体现它们是封建帝王忠实的卫士身份。
朋友们来看西边的这一只石狮，它的肚皮上有一个深深的洞，这是怎么回事呢
这里有一个很有传奇色彩的故事，据说明代崇祯十七年（1644年）四月，农民起义军首领闯王李自成攻打北京时，当他率军冲进天安门前的T形广场后，只见皇城的大门--承天门就在眼前。
对此，他愤怒地拈弓搭箭，只听嗖….的一声，正射中承天门匾额的天字，顿时众军喝彩，欢声雷动，随后李闯王收起硬弓，挺枪跃马一直奔金水桥冲杀过去。
突然，桥头的两只大石狮张牙舞爪，凶猛阻挡去路。
闯王见此怒不可遏，挺枪刺去，即刻火花四溅，长枪戳向了一只狮子的腹部。
双狮见势不妙，拖着悲惨的哀鸣声，各自退回了原位。
现在的这个洞，就是枪伤疤了。
朋友们，我们面前的这条街就是有神州第一街美誉的长安街。
长安街，当年从长安左门至东单牌楼，名东长安街；从长安右门至西单牌楼，叫西长安街。
古时东西长安街仅3.7公里，有十里长街之称，这是京城历史上有名的天街，其名取自盛唐时代的大都城--长安，含长治久安的之意。
长安街修筑于明朝永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），与皇城同时建造，是明代兴建北京城总体规划的重要组成部分之一。
东西平行走向的长安街，与纵横南北八公里长的御道中轴线，在天安门前正好垂直相交成准确的十字型经纬座标中心点，从而构成了北京城座北朝南，街巷纵横的总体布局。
原东、西长安左、右门前分别均竖有巨型下马碑，上刻官员人等，到此下马。
古代皇宫内是严禁骑马的，除非是金殿传胪时的新科状元，可骑皇帝御赐的高头大马，在长安街上走过，以示皇恩浩荡。
清王朝灭亡后，内城墙中东西两侧的建国门与复兴门在民国二十九年（1940）被打开的。
新中国成立以后，街面被展宽为50-100米，东西长安街的延伸线东达通州，西抵石景山，总长50公里，有百里长街的美称。
大家现在随我通过地下通道去天安门广场，上下台阶时请您注意安全。
（天安门广场） 我们现在处的这个位置是天安门广场，位于北京城的中心。
其南北长880米，东西宽500米，占地面积44万平方米。
可容纳100万人举行盛大的集会、游行，是当今世界上最宏大的城市中心广场和最著名的旅游胜地之一。
在明清时代，天安门广场是一处皇家禁地，由宫墙围护，仅设三门。
即南有大明门（清朝改称大清门，辛亥革命后叫中华门）、东有长安左门、西有长安右门。
三门之间形成一个封闭式的T字形宫廷广场，原是天安门前举行皇家活动的重要场所。
在T形广场的东、西、南三面，当时建有通脊联檐的朝房144间，名叫千步廊，以供场内活动之用。
清代乾隆年间，又在东、西长安左、右门外加筑三座门，严禁行人过往。
那时人们来往于东城和西城之间，需要绕行于大清门以南或地安门以北，极为不便。
在天安门T形广场东、西千步廊外的大片地带，原是明清两代皇家最高官署衙门的集结之地。
如：东侧（今历史博物馆一带）有礼部、户部、吏部、工部、兵部、宗人府、鸿胪寺、钦天监和太医院等中央文职机关。
西侧（人民大会堂一带）设有銮仪卫（御林军）太常寺、通政司和前、中、后、左、右五军都督府等武职机构。
过去有文东武西和东掌生、西掌死之说，指的就是这些关系到人们生死荣辱的封建王朝的最高权力衙门而言。
明清两朝，从天安门T形广场南端的大明门（清时叫大清门，今毛主席纪念堂一带）至正阳门之间，有一块方形场地，宛如棋盘，故有棋盘街之名。
当年人们喜爱在此贩卖风味小吃、小百货，以及表演戏曲、杂耍等，情似庙会，非常热闹。
由于
求华山英文导游词要八分钟左右的
Hua Mountain is located 120 kilometers east of Xi'an, about 3 hours from the city centre. There are five peaks that make up the mountain: Cloud Terrace Peak (North Peak, 1613m), Jade Maiden Peak (Middle Peak, 2042m), Sunrise Peak (East Peak, 2100m), Lotus Peak (West Peak, 2038m) and Landing Wild Goose Peak (South Peak, 2160m). North Peak, the lowest of the five, is the starting point. It has three ways up it: the six kilometer winding track from Huashan village, the cable car or the path beneath it. safer merely not to be able to see the extremes of danger and exposure of the tracks during the ascent, as well as to avoid others descending down what at many points were pathways with scarcely room for one to pass along
长城英文导游词
本人不懂英语,下面这个是不是?The Great WallTo the northwest and north of Beijing, a huge, serrated wall zigzags it's way to the east and west along the undulating mountains. This is the Great Wall, which is said to be visible from the moon.Construction of the Great Wall started in the 7th century B.C. The vassal states under the Zhou Dynasty in the northern parts of the country each built their own walls for defence purposes. After the state of Qin unified China in 221 B.C., it joined the walls to hold off the invaders from the Xiongnu tribes in the north and extended them to more than 10,000 li or 5,000 kilometers. This is the origin of the name Of the 10,000-li Great Wall.The Great Wall was renovated from time to time after the Qin Dynasty. A major renovation started with the founding of the Ming Dynasty in 1368, and took 200 years to complete. The wall we see today is almost exactly the result of this effort. With a total length of over 6,000 kilometers, it extends to the jiayu Pass in Gansu Province in the west and to the mouth of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province in the east. What lies north of Beijing is but a small section of it.A Map of the Great WallThe map shows the Wall running from Jiayu Pass of Gansu Province to Shanhai Pass of Hebei Province. Representative sections of the Great Wall built in Ming times are situated near Shanhai Pass, Gubeikou and Juyong Pass.Badaling SectionThe Badaling section of the Great Wall snaking along the mountains northwest of Beijing was built at the beginning of the Ming Dynasty in the 14th century. Being 7.8 metres high and 5.8 metres wide at the top on the average, it has battle forts at important points, including the corners.Located 10 kilometers south of the Badaling section of the Great Wall and built in an 18.5-kilometre-long valley, the pass has always been an important gateway northwest of Beijing. The name is believed to have its origin in the workers and slaves conscripted to build the Great Wall in ancient times. Cloud Terrace, built in 1345, was originally the base of a pagoda over looking the main road of the town of the pass. The arched gate of the terrace and the walls inside the arch are decorated with carvings. of elephants, lions, birds, flowers and heavenly kings as well as charms in six languages-Sanskrit, Tibetan, Phats pa (Mongolian), Uygur, West Xia and Han.Mutianyu SectionThe Mutianyu section of the Great Wall, 70 kilometers northeast of Beijing, is linked to the Gubeikou section on the east and the Badaling section on the west. It is one of the best sections of the Great Wall.The Mutianyu section of the Great Wall is crenelatted for watching and shooting at the invading enemy. Some of the battle forts on the wall are as close as 50 metres apart.Jinshanling SectionLocated in Miyun County northeast of Beijing, the Jinshanling division of the Great Wall, like the Simatai division, belongs to the Gubeikou section of the colossal defence barrier.The battlements in the Jinshanling division of the Great Wall are built along the ridge of a mountain, where the soldiers can resist the invading enemy by taking advantage of the high terrain.A decrepit battle fort at dusk often reminds one of the battles in ancient times.Simatai SectionLocated to the east of Jinshanling, the Simatai division of the Great Wall is 3,000 metres long and has 35 battle forts. The wall rises and falls with the precipitous mountain ridge, while the battle forts are located high up the hills.Alarm was raised by means of smoke signals, at night by fire. Smoke was produced by burning a mixture of wolf dung, sulfur and saltpeter. Shots were fired at the same time. Thus an alarm could be relayed over 500km within just a few hours.The Great Wall in Four Seasons--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
印度尼西亚英文导游词
The Republic of Indonesia, Indonesia or Indonesia, is a Southeast Asian country and the capital of Jakarta. Indonesia and Papua New Guinea, East Timor and Malaysia and other countries.Indonesia consists of about 17508 islands. It is part of the Malay Archipelago and the world's largest archipelago, frontier across Asia and Oceania, the nickname the Kuril country, but also a number of volcanic earthquake country. The larger islands of the island of Kalimantan, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Irian island and the island of java.Indonesia has a population of more than (2013), second only to China, India, the United States, ranking fourth in the world. Indonesia is the association of Southeast Asian Nations founded one of the country, is also the largest economy in Southeast Asia and the group of 20 nations. Because oil resources can realize the net export, Indonesia was the organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (1962~2009), recently re joined the organization. Indonesia since the seventh Century is an important trade area.Indonesia local rulers absorbing foreign culture, religious and political factors, has appeared Buddhist and Hindu Kingdom flourished. Muslim merchants into Islam, European forces brought Christianity, and the monopoly of the Spice Islands of the Moluccas in geographical discovery after trade. After 350 years of colonial rule in Holland, Indonesia declared independence after the second world war.Led by the China Railway Corporation of China Association of enterprises with the Indonesian state-owned construction company (Wika) led consortium of Indonesia's state-owned enterprises, the day in Jakarta, capital of Indonesia signed new million high-speed rail joint venture agreement.New million high-speed rail will be connected to Jakarta and Bandung, lines with a total length of about 150 km, will use Chinese technology, China standard and the equipment, the design speed of 250-300 km per hour. After the completion of the opening, from Jakarta to Bandung, the time will be shortened to about 40 minutes.印度尼西亚共和国简称印度尼西亚或印尼，是东南亚国家，首都为雅加达。
印尼与巴布亚新几内亚、东帝汶和马来西亚等国家相接。
印尼由约17508个岛屿组成，是马来群岛的一部分，也是全世界最大的群岛国家，疆域横跨亚洲及大洋洲，别称“千岛之国”，也是多火山多地震的国家。
面积较大的岛屿有加里曼丹岛、苏门答腊岛、伊里安岛、苏拉威西岛和爪哇岛。
印尼人口超过2.48亿（2013年），仅次于中国、印度、美国，居世界第四位。
印尼是东南亚国家联盟创立国之一，也是东南亚最大经济体及20国集团成员国。
因石油资源可实现净出口，印尼曾经是石油输出国组织成员国（1962~2009年），近期正在重新加入该组织。
印尼群岛自公元7世纪起即为重要贸易地区。
印尼当地统治者吸收外国文化、宗教及政治型态，曾出现兴盛的佛教及印度教王国。
穆斯林商人带入伊斯兰教，欧洲势力则带来了基督教，并于地理大发现后垄断香料群岛摩鹿加群岛的贸易。
经历了350年的荷兰殖民统治后，印尼至第二次世界大战后宣告独立。
由中国铁路总公司牵头的中国企业联合体与印尼国有建设公司(WIKA)牵头的印尼国有企业联合体，当日在印尼首都雅加达签署了雅万高铁合资协议。
雅万高铁将连接雅加达和万隆，线路总长约150公里，将采用中国技术、中国标准和中国装备，设计时速为每小时250-300公里。
建成通车后，从雅加达至万隆的时间将缩短为约40分钟。
包公祠导游词4分钟
大家好
欢迎你们来到包公祠参观游览。
“开封有个包青天，铁面无私辩忠奸……”来到古城开封，相信大家自然就会想起北宋名相——包拯。
包拯是中国历史上家喻户晓的著名清官，他一生爱国爱民、不畏权贵、执法如山，人们颂称他为“包公”、“包青天”。
下面，就让我们一起在包公祠里走近包公，去了解一下这位历史先贤的传奇一生……据史料记载，早在金、元时期，开封就建有包公祠，历经金、元、明、清历代。
现在的包公祠为国家首批4A级旅游景点，它于1983年在原址上恢复重建，是海内外规模最大、规格最高、资料最全、历史最为悠久的包公纪念场馆。
包公祠由大门、二门、照壁、碑亭、二殿、大殿、东西配殿、半壁廊、灵石苑、假山等组成，它凝重典雅，具有浓郁的宋式建筑及园林风格， 它不仅是开封、也是中原旅游区的重要景点。
好了，现在请大家随我往里面参观。
这是包公祠的二门，首先映入大家眼帘的是门头悬挂的这块匾额，”德昭古今”四字，表明了历代人民对包公清正无私的无限敬仰，也是对包公精神最好诠释和写照。
大家再来看这朱漆红门，这其实是封建社会严格等级制度的体现，是权威的象征，在古代它不是普通百姓可以用的，红门上有门钉,建筑上称做“沤钉”，它数量的多少直接反映了不同的地位和等级。
比如说，皇帝的宫门上是九钉九带，也就是九排门钉，每排九个，因为九是最大的奇数，而奇为阳，阳世即人间，九钉九带表示唯我独尊的帝王之尊。
皇帝以下王公大臣按职位高低依次减少，包公是北宋时的重臣，所以门前也是带有相应级别数量门钉的。
往前看，前面一座石墙遮挡了大家的视线，这就是我们常说的照壁。
它的作用一是遮挡人们视线，不让人直视正堂，使庭院更显曲折幽深；二是阻止传说中不会转弯的小鬼和煞气的进入，保佑主人家吉祥平安。
但是，这种色调灰青、图案简洁明了的照壁却不多见，这使得包公祠更加的庄严肃穆。
各位游客，现在我们来到的是包公祠的中院，这里安静幽雅，花香四溢，我们看到东西两边各有碑亭一座，东边碑亭内是明朝人胡谧在公元1473年为开封府重修包公祠而写的《包孝肃公祠记》。
碑文开头就说“开封府故有宋包孝肃公祠，盖祀其知开封时功也”，意思是开封府原来就有宋朝包孝肃公的祠堂，是以祭祀来纪念他担任开封知府时的功绩的。
请大家再看这里，“祠在府治厅事北，创始未详，岁月历金、元以迄我朝”，这句话的意思就是包公祠在开封府衙办公大厅的北面，始创年月不详，但经历了金、元等朝代，直至我们明朝。
这就充分证明了开封包公祠的悠久历史。
西边亭子石碑上刻的是1988年河南大学教授于安澜先生写的《重建包公祠记》，这也是人们对包公深切怀念的最好见证。
