
描写庐山的导游词
镇江金山风景区导游词金山位于市区西北,高四十四米,周五百二十米,距市中心三公里。
古代金山是屹立于长江中流的一个岛屿,“万川东注,一岛中立”,与瓜洲、西津渡成犄角之势,为南北来往要道,久以“卒然天立镇中流,雄跨东南二百州”而闻名,被称为“江心一朵芙蓉”。
直至清代道光年间,才开始与南岸陆地相连,于是“骑驴上金山”曾盛行一时。
金山形胜天然,风景幽绝,自古为我国优美游览胜地之一。
金山自古名称很多,古人把扬子江比作香水海,把这座山比作《华严经》里的七金山,所以叫作金山。
而宋代王存著的《九域志》中则有另一说法:唐代高僧法海云游来此,为子修复寺庙,每日在山间披荆斩棘,一日挖到黄金。
地方官李奇上反皇帝,皇帝敕令将黄金交法海作修复寺庙之用,并名山为金山。
此外,金山还曾叫过泽心山、浮玉山、获茯山、龙游山、紫金山等。
而金山的名则与金山寺有关,金山寺巧妙地依山而建,富有独特的建筑风格,殿宇后堂幢幢相衔,亭台楼阁层层相接,山体与寺庙浑然一体,构成一组橼摩栋接,丹辉碧映的古建筑群,景色壮观,气势雄伟,形成“寺裹山”的独特风貌。
宋休以来,京流传着“金山寺裹山,焦山山裹寺”的评语。
金山又有“神话山”之称,山上每一个古迹都有迷人的神话、传说和故事。
中国有名的古典神话故事《白蛇传》中“水漫金山寺”,就源出于此,民间流传甚广,为这座名城增添了十分迷人的色彩。
小说《说岳全传》中的岳飞到过的金山古迹“七峰亭”,景色宜人。
章回小说《水浒》中“张顺夜伏金山寺,宋江智取润州城(即今镇江城)”一回对金山瑰奇风景,作了细腻生动的描写。
清代皇帝康熙、乾隆多次南巡,驻跸金山,留下不少“御制”文物,有关乾隆在金山的民间故事传说甚多,使金山更负盛名。
历代诗人、书法家、名人雅士,如白居易、李白、张祜、孙鲂、苏东坡、王安石、沈拓、范仲淹、赵孟、王阳明等登临观景,留下了许许多多珍贵的遗迹和脍炙人口的题咏。
唐代起,国际友人登山游览者络绎不绝。
明代日本画僧雪舟等杨居住金山两年半时间,绘有《大唐扬子江心金山龙游禅寺之图》等有关金山的画卷,现保存在寺庙。
金山这座青螺般的小山,却包孕着许多风流往事,具有无限的魅力,吸引了无数中外骚客和游人。
有人说“到了镇江不去金山,等于没到过镇江”,此话自有一番道理,当你游览金山之后,便会明白其中的奥妙。
金山游览路线江天禅寺——夕阳阁——观音阁——楞伽台——佛印山房——金山四宝——慈寺塔——古法海洞——留云亭——妙高台——七峰亭——白龙洞——朝阳洞——古仙人洞——玉带桥——御码头——郭噗墓——天下第一泉江天禅寺在金山寺门口,抬头仰望“江天禅寺”匾额,为清代康熙皇帝随太后来金山祈祷时亲笔题写的。
江天寺即金山寺,自古就是一座中我闻名的禅宗古刹,始建于东晋年代,距今已有一千五百多年,初名泽心寺,南朝、唐朝初称为金山寺。
寺宇规模宏大,全盛时有和尚三千多人,僧侣数以万计。
清代金山寺与普陀寺、文殊寺、大明寺并列为中国四大名庙。
金山寺由于当时皇帝的信仰不同,曾两度由寺改观。
一次是在唐朝,曾把金山寺改为龙游观,将近二百年。
又一次是宋朝政和四年,因徽宗赵佶奉道教,又将龙游寺改为神霄玉清万寿宫(道士观),为天下神霄第一。
后复名为龙游寺。
一般寺庙的山门都是朝南开的,而金山寺的山门面朝正西,这里自有一段有趣的传说。
据传很久以前,金山寺的大门也是坐从朝南,而金山寺屡遭火焚,山门口也经常会发出一阵阵惊天动地的轰鸣声。
当时金山的当家和尚深感不安,觉得此事有点蹊跷,便请来一位云游和尚卜算。
云游和尚在山寺前后转了一圈,对方丈说:“师傅,您这山门朝南直对天上的南天门,得罪了玉皇大帝,必须改向。
”方丈听后,连连合掌曰:“罪过
”于是命人将山门改成现朝西的门向。
传说毕竟是传说,金山寺山门朝西是有其真原因的。
据史料分析,当时的建筑师建筑朝西山门是有用意的。
因古代金山屹立在扬子江心,游人透过朝西山门放眼望去,便见浩渺大江奔腾而下,正合“大江东去,群山西来”之诗意。
这正可谓建筑师的独具匠心所在吧。
由山门入天王殿,中供弥勒佛,人称笑佛。
两旁塑的四大金刚,形象高大逼真,意在看守山门。
四大金刚俗称四大天王,故称天王殿。
左侧是东方持国天王,南方增长天王;右侧是北方广目天王,西方多闻天王。
弥勒佛旁有联,曰:大肚能容,了却人间多少事;满腔欢喜,笑开天下古今愁。
在天王殿牌坊前有巨型石狮一对。
天王殿向后便是大雄宝殿。
历来寺庙多损于火灾,原大雄宝殿是1948年毁于火灾,共烧毁二百六十多间亭、台、楼、阁、房屋等。
夕照阁夕照阁存有清代乾隆帝南巡驻跸金山留下的七块御碑,保存完善。
这些石碑引来许多文人识士、专家、历史研究者、书法家的拜谈赞吧。
石碑记载的内容大多是乾隆帝六次下江南到金山,对金山风景的评价和如何继承清室传统,统治大清帝国的决心。
乾隆不仅留下了许多有迹可寻的“御制”,还留下了一些颇为有趣的传闻。
按理乾隆的父亲是雍正,而这里却广为流传着雍正皇帝“偷龙换凤”得乾隆,乾隆六次来金山寺寻找自己的生身父新的传说。
观音阁从夕阳阁登山而上,南面正中有观音阁,又叫士阁,因阁中供奉观音,故名。
此建筑与楞伽台、妙高台,西与慈寿塔、法海洞丹辉碧映,椽摩栋接,连成一气,足以壮此名山胜概。
椤伽台“楞伽”是印度语,意为“不可住”,或说是大海中远不可达,高不可攀的一座大山。
楞伽台在金山的东南,傍山驳石而建造。
相传苏东坡晚年受老朋友佛印和尚相托在此写《楞伽佛经》,故又称书经楼。
登台顶长廊远眺,碧空万里,磅礴江流,尽收眼底,江天一色,气势十分壮观。
由山下登楞伽台,需经三重楼阁,每进一层,疑无上处,洞门一开,豁然有级可登,迂回曲折,上下错落,往往令游客迷其所在。
最高一层有清王文台撰写的一副对联:窗前沧海凭开眼,台上楞伽可印心。
佛印山房宋代著名的金山、焦山寺庙的主持佛印法师住宅。
相传佛印与苏东坡是青年时好友,一次两人打赌,佛印败赌无奈入空门。
由于学识高超,终成为金、焦二山寺的大方丈,东坡则成宋有名学士,两人经常在金山吟诗作画。
慈寿塔又名金山塔,创建于一千四百余年前的齐梁,塔高三十米,唐宋有双塔,宋朝叫“荐慈塔”、“荐寿塔”。
1472年,日本画家雪舟等杨登游金山,曾绘《大唐扬子江心金山龙游禅寺之图》,上有南北相向的两座宝塔。
双塔后毁于火,倒坍后,明代重建一塔,取名慈寿塔。
按照古代各国佛教的习惯,一般情况建寺同时建塔,特别是名山大寺,有寺必有塔。
到清代咸丰年间,此塔又毁。
光绪二十年,金山寺住持僧隐儒誓建此塔,往京都向清廷呼吁,慈禧命他自行募捐修建。
他奔走南北,沿门托钵,多方募化,并得到两江总督刘坤一的支持,约经五年,募银二万九千六百两建塔,仍名慈寿塔。
此塔玲珑、秀丽、挺拔,矗立于金山之巅,和整个金山及金山寺配合得恰到好处,仿佛把金山都拔高了。
塔为砖木结构,七级八面,内有旋式梯,供游人登塔远眺。
每层四面有门,走廊相连,面面有景,风光各异。
游人登临塔顶。
凭栏远眺:东望长江中的焦山和形势险固的北固山,南望城市风光行重重叠叠的山峦峻峰,西望波光粼粼的鱼池和浩浩荡荡的大江激流,北望烟波缥缈的古镇瓜州和古城扬州,令人大开眼界,心旷神怡。
有宋代著名政治家王安石的《金山》诗为证:数重楼枕层层石,四壁窗开面面风。
忽见鸟飞平地上,始惊身在半空中。
慈寿塔外花墙上,刻有“天地同庚”四个大字,这四个大字是清代光绪年间湖南一位八岁儿童李远安所写。
传说,当时正是慈禧太后六十寿辰。
为了贺寿,两江总督刘坤一特地进京朝见慈禧,献媚道:“老佛爷六十大寿,卑官没有什么厚礼,只是在江南镇江金山造了一座宝塔,取名慈寿塔,祝您长寿万岁。
”慈禧心想,这宝塔标上她的名字,兀立在江南名山之巅,实在非同一般寿礼,不由渐露喜色。
便问刘坤一:“你祝我长寿,看我能活多大
”刘一听却张口结舌,一时无言以对。
心想无论说多说少,都会招来杀头之罪。
正在左右为难的时候,群臣百官之中,有一小孩从身后很敏捷地递给他一张小纸条,他一看如获至宝,迅速呈上,慈禧一看原来是“天地同庚”四个大字,便喜笑颜开,大大奖赏了刘坤一。
后来这四字便被刻于慈寿塔下。
古法海洞法海洞又名裴公洞,在慈寿塔西下侧的悬崖上,相传是金山寺开山祖师法海和尚来到金山时住的地方。
现洞中塑有法海塑像一尊,洞口横额“古法海洞。
”在神话故事《白蛇传》中,法海是一个阻挠破坏青年男女美满婚姻的恶僧,可历史上他却是位有德行的高僧。
法海姓裴,人称裴陀头,河东闻喜人。
他父亲裴休是唐朝宣宗皇帝的宰相,感到“伴君如伴虎”,一旦得罪了皇帝是没有好下场的。
他十分信仰佛教,认为富贵荣华不如出家好,因而决心送子出家为僧。
裴陀头出家到江西庐山,取名法海,他在庐山学道参禅,一心修炼。
后来到镇江金山,那时寺宇荒废,荆棘丛生,还有蟒蛇为害。
他就找到山上西北角的这个岩洞,住在洞里参禅打坐,白蟒就避走了。
法海来金山后,最大愿望是要修复金山寺,他曾燃指一节,以表决心。
一天也僧众披荆斩棘,到江边挖土,偶然挖出黄金若干镒(一镒为二十两),就报告润州刺史李奇,李奇又上报宣宗皇帝,宣宗命他把黄金给法海作修复庙宇之用,并赐名为金山和金山寺。
相传法海后,他的徒子法孙把他的肉体装金供在洞中,以便瞻仰。
后来肉身坏了,又塑了一个石像,留作纪念。
宋朝张商英来此游览,做了一首裴公洞的诗:“半间石室安禅地,盖代功名不易磨。
白蟒化龙归海去,岩中留下老头陀。
”寺僧将这首诗做成楹联,挂在洞门两边。
留云亭金山最高处,有一石柱凉亭,名留云亭,又名江天一览亭和吞海亭。
亭中石碑是三百多年前康熙皇帝陪同母亲来到处于大江之中的金山寺游览时留下的古迹。
康熙登高远眺,大江东去,水天相衔,诚雄观也。
遂历奋笔手书“江天一览”四个大字。
亭于康熙二十四年(1685)重修,同治十年(1871)复建,两江总督曾国藩将康熙所写的“江天一览”四字刻在石碑上,放置亭内。
这里是领略金山风姿,俯瞰镇江全城美景的最佳观赏点之一。
据传康熙在执笔就书时,“江天一”前三个字一气呵成,而第四个字“览”字笔划多,一时竟想不起来。
却又不肯“不耻下问”,只是嘴中念着“江天一览”四字,无从落笔。
周围大臣侍从一见此情,知道皇上遇一难题,但又不敢直截了当上前提示,虽则一字好提,却怕招来欺君杀头之罪。
正在为难之际,有一大臣计上心来,下跪在皇帝面前说了一声“臣今见驾”。
康熙一听“臣今见”,恍然大悟,随笔写出览字。
因为“览”的繁体字正是“臣、今、见”三个单字组成,这位大臣巧妙地用拆字法提醒了皇帝。
由于康熙愣了许久才勉强写了“览”字,所以这一字显得特别细小,云云。
妙高台妙高台又名晒经台,“妙高”是梵语“须弥”之意译。
刘编《金山志》载:“妙高台在伽蓝殿后,宋元佑僧佛印凿崖为之,高逾十丈,上有阁,一称晒经台。
”几经兴废,明代僧适中,清代薛书常相继重建。
1948年与金山寺大殿、藏经楼等同毁于火,如今仅存台址。
当年妙高台,还是赏月佳处,并且流传着名士苏东坡曾在此赏月的轶事。
此外,据传“梁红玉击鼓战金山”的故事也发生在这里。
公元1130年南宋名将韩世忠用四千水兵将几万入侵的金兵围困在金山附近,梁夫人登上妙高台亲擂战鼓,鼓气助阵,大破金兀术部众。
这个历史故事被搬上戏剧舞台,英风千载,流芳百世。
七峰亭七峰亭在山西侧金鳌岭上。
古代因有七座小山突起,名七峰岭。
后削山建阁,故以七峰阁而名。
相传南宋绍兴年间,抗金名将岳飞在北方指挥抗金战争,正在乘胜前进之时,奸臣秦桧要挟高宗连续发了十二道金牌,召他回都城临安(今杭州)。
岳飞路过镇江时,拜访金山道月禅师,告诉道月和尚:“昨夜梦见两犬抱头而言,未知此行吉凶如何
”道月答道:“二犬对言,是一狱字,此去恐怕有牢狱之灾,必须谨慎。
”岳飞致谢登舟,临行时道月赠诗曰:“风波亭下浪滔滔,千万留心把舵牢
谨备同舟人意歹,将身推落在波涛。
”岳飞到杭州,果遭秦桧陷害于风波亭下,他在临前说了一句“悔不听道月之言”。
这句话传到秦桧耳中,秦桧大怒,就命何立往镇江金山拘捕道月。
何立到金山,道月正在堂上说法。
只见道月整衣拈香,合掌说偈:“吾年四十九,是非终日有,不为自身,只因多开口。
何立自南来,我向西方走,不是佛力大,几乎落人手。
”说罢,坐在法座上怡然逝去。
何立只得将情况回禀秦桧,并说金山有七峰,风水好,因而每代能出高僧。
秦桧盛怒之下,立即命人到金山削平七峰。
后人为了纪念岳飞和金山寺道月长老,便兴建了七峰阁,可惜毁于太平天国时战火,后改修为七峰亭。
白龙洞白龙洞在金山西北山脚下玉带桥旁。
相传唐朝武则天的侄孙灵坦来到金山,在这洞里打坐参禅,白蟒就避走了,毒气也没有了。
白龙就是指这条白蟒。
现在洞内塑有白娘娘、小青青两座白石像,各高一米许。
据民间传说,此洞与《白蛇传》“水漫金山寺”密切相关。
白娘子、小青青呼东海之水,跟金山寺高僧法海相争,救自已的丈夫许仙。
许仙被关在寺内,闻外面战鼓震响,看到女娘子带身孕力战,心急如焚。
看守庙门的小僧十分同情,放许仙从白龙洞跑到杭州与妻子在西湖断桥相会。
这个洞有一条石缝,一人可进去达数丈深,再往前进洞即变小,人不能进去,恐怕只能白蛇可进了,不然为何称白龙洞呢
朝阳洞朝阳洞又名日照岩、观音洞。
在金山东北山腰间,洞上是一片悬崖,上有“日照岩”三个字。
当金山还在江心的时候,每当旭日东升,从朝阳洞向南一带石壁上,金碧辉煌,水天皆赤,可称奇景。
所以朝阳原是观日出的最佳之处。
至今留在岩上的“朝阳洞”三个石刻大字,是明代滕谧所书。
古仙人洞古仙人洞位于金北侧金鳌岭下,深六点六米,依山洞筑有半亭一座。
这里道教遗存。
传说八仙中的吕洞宾在这里面而窥视江面,故名“仙人洞”。
明代程敏政诗云:鬼斧穿山骨,明明透一窗。
仙人时举步,竖立一窥江。
玉带桥金山白龙洞前有座玉带桥,传说是苏东城与金山方丈佛印打赌输了玉带,佛印如获至宝,经常给人看,看的人多了,又恐弄坏,于是就命人仿照玉带的式样建造了一座桥。
谁要再看玉带,去看桥就行了。
玉带桥长十六米,桥下绿波荡漾,清澈见底,令人心爽神怡。
金山四宝在慈寿塔下的屋内陈列着金山寺的一批珍贵历史文物,其中苏东坡的玉带、周鼎、金山图、铜鼓为金山四宝。
玉带:宋神宗年间,大学士苏东城与金山和尚佛印交往甚密,称为“忘形交”。
有一次两人以禅语对句,用东坡玉带作赌,东城一时迟钝而输,玉带便成寺院镇山之门宝。
苏东城的玉带存在金山已有九百多年了,这件珍品被人称为国宝。
玉带环宽约二寸、长约二尺,带上缀着二十四块米色白玉,有长方形、圆形、心形。
清初被火焚毁四俯常碘端鄢得碉全冬户块,乾隆皇帝金山时,命玉工补齐,上面刻有乾隆的诗句。
但是后补的四块玉色和原有的玉色不同,一看就可以辩别。
周鼎:是西周宣王时代的铜器,迄今已有二千七百多年。
当时周宣王北伐成功后,铸造铜鼎酬劳北伐统帅遂启祺的,所以此鼎又称遂启祺鼎。
金山图:这幅图是我国明朝著名画家文徵明所绘,画中江水茫茫,微波荡漾,金山如浮玉飘浮在波涛之上,山色青碧,上面有一栋栋画檐朱宇,展现了当时金山和金山寺屹立扬子江心秀美雄姿。
画后有他写的《金山寺追赋》诗一首:白发金山续旧游,依然绀宇压中流;沙痕灭没潮侵登,帆影参差日映楼。
江汉东西千古逝,乾坤高下一身浮;谪仙故自多愁绪,更上留云望帝州。
字大数寸,潇洒可爱。
铜鼓:是一种鼓状铜器,高八寸分,径一尺五寸,重二十三斤八两。
传说是诸葛亮发明的,行军时可做煮饭的炊具,战斗时可作战鼓敲打,所以又叫诸葛鼓。
御码头在山北有十三级台级,原作伴月式,两边护有石栏,左右有钟鼓楼(清咸丰年间被毁)。
清康熙、乾隆两帝南巡时,先后几次来金山都由这码头上岸,故称“御码头”。
现护栏上刻有“御码头”三个大字。
郭璞墓郭璞墓在金山之西的石簿山上,又称云根岛。
岛上葬有东晋著名文学家、训诂学家郭璞的遗物,俗称郭璞墓。
郭璞(公元276—324),河东闻喜(今属山西)人,据记载,他博学多才,人称其词赋为东晋之冠。
他曾注释过《尔雅》、《山海经》、《楚辞》等古代重要著作。
又精于风水相命。
东晋初为著作佐郎,后被王敦任为记室参军。
王敦想造反,不知吉凶,时人皆说大吉,问郭璞,璞独自不言,触王敦怒,被杀于武昌的南岗。
明万历三十三年巡按御史黄吉士为他树碑立传,墓碑上刻着“晋赠弘农太守郭璞之墓”。
天下第一泉天下第一泉又名中泠泉,南泠泉,在金山以西一里之遥。
唐代时就已闻名天下。
第一泉原与金山同在江中,清咸丰、同治年间,遂随金山登陆。
据记载,以前泉水在江中,江水来自西方,受到石簿山和鹘山的阻挡,水势曲折转流,分为三泠(冷是水曲的意思,三泠为南泠、中泠、北泠),而泉水就在中间一个水曲之下,故名“中泠泉”。
因位置在金山的西南面,故又称“南泠泉”。
中泠泉上岸后曾一度迷失,后来于清朝同治八年被候补道薛书常等人发现,遂命石工在泉眼四同迭石为池,并由常镇通海道观察使沈秉成,于同治十年春写记立碑,建亭覆亡。
光绪年间镇江知府王仁堪又在池周造起石栏,池旁筑庭榭。
并拓地四十亩,开塘种植荷菱,又筑土堤,种柳万株,抵挡江流冲击,柳荷相映,十分秀丽。
方池南面石壁上刻有“天下第一泉”五个遒劲大字,为王仁堪所书。
池旁盖楼建亭,池南建有一座八角亭,双层立柱,直径七米,十分宽敞,取名“鉴亭”,是以水为镜,以泉为鉴之意。
亭中有石桌石凳,供游人小憩,十分风凉幽雅。
池北建有两层楼房一座,楼上楼下为茶室,环境幽静,林荫覆护,风景清雅,是游客品茗的最佳之处。
楼下层前壁左侧,嵌有沈秉成所书“中泠泉”三字石刻,右侧为沈秉成“中泠泉”及薛书常“中泠泉辩”石刻。
唐朝以来,中泠泉水一直为人们所喜爱。
唐代评茶专家陆羽品中泠泉水为天下第一,后唐名士刘伯刍分全国水为七等,扬子江的中泠泉为第一,从此中泠泉被誉为“天下第一泉”。
用此泉水沏茶,清香甘冽,相传有“盈杯不溢”之说:贮泉水于杯中,水虽高出杯口二三分都不溢;水面放上一枚硬币,也不见沉底。
泉水绿如翡翠,浓似琼浆,其醇可知。
河北省和四川省的自然地理,人文地理,地形地貌,气候特征,著名景观,交通,各色小吃等旅游知识
大云灵泉—柳州西来寺西来寺曾称“盘石寺”,“西来”指达摩祖师处天竺西来或佛经来自西天之意,始建年代不详,清康熙四年(1665年)重建,虽经嘉庆二年、光绪四年和民国六年几次修葺,终因年代远之,已破旧不堪。
1949年后也修葺几次,不尽人意。
1980年柳州市人民政府拔专款按原样重修,增高大殿,扩展空间,重建的大雄宝殿庄重大方,更显东方庙宇风彩。
现为柳州市佛教协会会址。
该寺禅师释志禅自1953年从桂林来到西来寺担任住持,凡40年。
曾担任中国佛教协会会理事,柳州市佛教协会会长,历届市政协委员,1993年圆寂后,由释慈模法师担任住持。
历唐宋时期,广西柳州盛行建佛寺造庙宇,至宋达鼎盛,这也许是柳州南通安南,西通大理地处交通千线之故。
据记载:“柳州佛教寺院庵堂古化建筑曾有23座,但由于历史原因,至今遗留下来较著名的只有清代重修的西来寺大雄宝殿建筑。
柳州佛教历史始见于唐代史书记载,仙弈山(马鞍山)山麓佛教寺庙遗址可考。
唐元和十年(815年),柳宗元贬来柳州任刺史时,为改变当地人迷信巫术杀性祭神的陋习,在仙弈山下重建大云寺(后毁于大火),以教化众人“戒杀生”。
宋哲宗元祐三年(1083年),仙弈山已扩大为十方禅林,高僧净悟大师觉昕来柳,任灵泉寺住持,决心仿效京都寺院格局,改灵泉寺为天宁“万寿禅寺”,相国王安中来柳撰碑记。
宋绍兴七年(1137年)天宁万寿禅寺又改名为报恩光孝禅寺。
西来寺承湖南岐山仁瑞寺法脉宗风,属曹洞宗法系。
该寺1995年重建,占地面积1749平方米。
志禅法师1993年圆寂茶毗时,得舍利花二颗,现为镇寺之宝。
1949年后,中共柳州市委和市人民政府执行尊重和保护公民宗教信仰自由的政策。
在社会主义改造和建设中,佛教徒群众发扬农禅并重、爱国爱教的传统,积极参加生产劳动和社会活动,为维护民族团结起了一定作用。
但是,由于受“左”的影响,有段时间佛教的正常活动受到干扰。
十一届三中全会以后,拔乱反正,西来寺获得得重新修葺,大殿门上悬挂着中国佛教协会会长赵朴初手书“大雄宝殿”金字匾额,信佛教的人数不断增加,1983年柳州佛教界在西来寺举办“世界和平法会”,到会157人。
1998年6月19日,观音菩萨成道日,到寺院里吃齐饭的信徒群众达四千多人,前来敬香拜佛者近五千之众。
反映了改革开放时期,政通人和、信仰自由的祥和气围。
哪位英语高人帮忙翻译一下导游词
Now, the car has reached a南华寺, Temple is a Buddhist in front of the rivers in the Chogye鼎鼎大名, surging Although it does not roar, but cool and Jong Yong Gan. Chogye perfume and South China Morning晚钟 24 are listed Qujiang bad dream of the numerous Buddhist shrines. Progressive Temple】 【7 Well! We are now entering the南华寺.南华寺into a total of seven, that is, the door Chogye, Po Lam door, King Bao Palace, Main Hall,藏经阁, Ling Zhao tower, ancestral hall. Chogye door 12.5 meters high, 22.4 meters wide, have a Buddhist and South Temple two wooden plaques, both sides of the plastic Dragon will be the second part of God, commonly known as Heng Ha II, is the guardian of Buddhist gods.香亭five,放生池, the door can be up to Po Lam. Doors hung Lin, chairman of the Kuomintang in 1938 entitled Po Lam Daochang important, is the door together, East Guangdong, the first pagoda in a temple, the only way to南宗 has revealed the history and status of南华寺. Treasure Palace笑口常开King is the middle of the Maitreya Buddha, Maitreya bag shapes Zhejiang monks, is a product of Buddhism in China.一偈dying monk bag: true Maitreya Maitreya,百千亿two places at once, from time to time when people said, since the world did not know; is that the bag that is Maitreya. Temple is a symbol of both sides of the weather of the four kings, wind is a growth执剑King of the South, transfer as they hold the country Pipa kings of the Orient, rain umbrella for the implementation of the North Duowen King, Shun as they head snake King West Canton. Po as they bring up the rear降魔pestle, the suppression of the Temple Guardian Buddha demons. After Chenzhong暮鼓 bell, Drum Tower, enter the Main Hall, main hall is the main temple building, the main places of religious ceremonies. Sambo Hall median worship Buddha, Buddha solemn, solemn, quiet, serene, intermediate for the Buddha, Buddha left and right for the Medicine Buddha Yeonsu misfortunes. Shakya Donowaki Mahakasyapa paternity for the 81-year-old, 18-year-old Ananda Thera, the Buddha, there is no legislative text, the other things was初祖Zen, II progenitor. Zen Chuan-28 generation in India after Bodhidharma reached. Bodhidharma Yiwei crossing to the Shaolin Temple, for nine years facing the wall, the progenitor mass of Zen in China, and Hui can be,僧璨, Daoxin,弘忍, Huineng, the Kasyapa, Ananda祖师爷for Zen. Plastic walls of the Temple has 500 Ocean, 500 Ocean look different, from all walks of life, the most sophisticated in the Southern Wall of Chi Kung西窗- perception Rohan, left to see for the tears, the right to see for the laugh , in view of the ridiculous. Manjusri riding Dongbi plastic lions, the symbol of Buddha, the wisdom of like a whirlwind, Fugen riding west wall as the plastic, holding lotus, lotus flower on the Buddhist scriptures, Buddha for the Buddhist theorists show. Bring up the rear side as the champion Guanyin, Guanyin about the Dragon and 善财Boy, the top of Guanyin, with plastic金身prince who is the original Guanyin. The Main Hall, showing a diameter of 2.09 meters, 1.7 meters high of the pot people, cast in the Yuan Dynasty; is the eighth of the fourth month the annual Lunar New Year in February, three days in August when the south, such as birthday,熬粥charity charity with facilities in China the largest pot people. Go up, that is, to藏经阁.藏经阁typical architectural style of the Ming Dynasty, there are many Tibetan cultural relics at the national level, the general is not open to visitors.藏经阁on both sides, there are sik, a tall banyan tree. Bodhi tree is the supreme Buddhist sacred tree, the Buddha was the king of rice in India sub-net for the nine sectors of India at the time of the upper nobility, had six years of penance, not the result of the Ganges River to wash up a six-year unwashed bath, eat-hang the goat's milk river Shepherdess; At that time, he only skin and bones, can not be thoroughly aware of the fact the ascetic relief, so in 49 days of meditation under the bodhi tree, and finally awareness, founded Buddhism. According to a tower for the soul, the original sixth patriarch worshiped Mami;升座Mami ancestors bring up the rear, Vairochana Buddha is enshrined. Ling南华寺according to the existing tower is the earliest, the most ancient, the tallest building, the five-story octagonal pagoda-style tower, 30 meters high. TANG tower was built in the beginning of old age, the 1,200 years of history. Huineng placed an ancestral hall, the Ming Dynasty Hanshan, hypogastric Mami master. Mami, also known as King Kong is not bad body, Buddha body, and win tank buried three monks and not bad, you can升座repeatedly Fuzhou oil paint on (the best quality paint ancient), Phi on robes for worship by to pay respects. That group, visiting ancestral bring up the rear, please visit the nine Longquan with me, that is, Stephen卓锡. 【Longquan 9 - Water Song】 Stephen around there because of past imperial protection, Ban Qiao Yong-Su, it is wooded, towering old trees, including a living fossil known as cork is a valuable tree species unique to China. Survival is more than five hundred years old, more than 40 meters high water-song 9.南华寺speak with the old saying is feng shui good, modern words is the environment, and we have to protect the environment, because we only have one Earth, we have to protect南华寺, there is only one南华寺world.
我需要一份关于解说“归元寺”的导游词
中英文如下: 归元寺英文导游词 Guiyuan Temple Chinese Buddhist temples are never single buildings. They always consist of a group buildings following a fundamental patter, which can, however, be modified. The main buildings and their symmetrically corresponding secondary buildings form individual groups and courtyards. The entire temple complex is spacious. The building inside the complex are usually single-storied and the main halls are sometimes decorated with a double roof. The towers, pavilions and halls can be multi-storied structures. The Chinese temple complex has been subject to great structural changes throughout the centuries. But temple architects follow the basic principles of secular structures from the Tang Dynasty onwards. The complexes stand on a central axis, usually a north-south axis: east-west only as an exception. (Guiyuan Temple is just the very exception.) The main buildings are strung along this central axis, their broadest sides facing south or east. The most important and most frequently presented building inside a Buddhist temple complex are the main entrance gate, the bell and drum towers, the Hall of the Heavenly Kings, the Hall of the Buddha and a pagoda. Buddhism is said to be founded in India in the 6th century BC by Siddatha Gautama (BC565 –BC486), the son of a nobleman and member of the Kshatriya caste near the present borders of India and Nepal. Buddhism advocates that all the people are created equal and turns against the caste system of Brahmanism, so it was popular with the common people. It was said that Buddhism was spread to China in 2 BC. At the beginning, it was only regarded as a kind of witch. About 200 AD, Chinese version of Buddhist s criptures began to appear, and thus, Buddhist doctrines began to emerge with traditional Chinese religious thought. From 2nd century to late 6th century, translation and research of Buddhist sects with Chinese characteristics were becoming more and more popular and many temples were built, which reached its peak in Sui Dynasty (581AD-617AD) and Tang Dynasty (618-907). Some Buddhist sects with Chinese characteristics came into being. Buddhism exerts a great influence on Chinese philosophy, literature, art and folk customs. What is presented before our eyes is a copper statue of a famous bodhisattva in Hynayana Buddhism. Bodhisattva is a tittle which is only next to Buddha. This statue is the image of Avalokitesvara, which has been popular with Chinese people or more than 1,000 years. She is called the Goddess of Mercy cordially by Chinese and is regarded as the symbol of kindness, mercy and benevolence. When we visit the Avalokitesvara Pavilion after a while, I will give a detailed introduction about her. This copper statue was sent to Guiyuan Temple by Taiwan Buddhists in September 1990. It shows that all Chinese, whether in the mainland or in Taiwan, are eager for the reunion of the country, even including religion believers. The building we see now is the Buddha Hall where one certain Buddha and his two assistant bodhisattvases are worshiped. This Buddha is Amitabha Buddha. Amitabha means incomparable brightness. According to Buddhism, time and space is limitless and thus there are many many Buddhas in different spaces and times. But in a certain space or in a certain period of time, there is only one certain Buddha who is in charge of instructing all living creatures. Amitabha Buddha is the Buddha who presides over the Land of Ultimate Bliss in the west, which will come in the future. Buddhist s criptures describe the Land of Ultimate Bliss as a wonderland, in which no pain exists and the people enjoy their lives. In one word, it’s very attractive. Some people will think it must be very difficult to enter such a world. How can I go to such a paradise? Maybe I have to work hard and bear a lot of sufferings. In fact, it’s very easy to enter the world. He only need often murmur ‘May Buddha preserve us’ sincerely. It’s enough. You see, the statue in the middle is the very Buddha. On his left is the Goddess of Mercy. On his right is the other bodhisattva who follows the Buddha. It is said that he can save all the living creatures from three kinds of terrible disasters. Now, let’s step into the Buddhist s criptures Pavilion where the s criptures of Buddhism are kept. But I ‘m afraid what attracts our attention at the first sight must be this snow-white statue. It is a statue of Sakyamuni, the founder of Buddhism. This statue was carved out of a big piece of jade which is 2-meter-tall and weighs 3 tons. It was carved by Myanmar handicraftsmen and donated to the temple by the Rangoon Buddhists in 1935. If we watch the statue, we may sense that the peaceful expression on the Buddha’s face has brought us to a quiet and harmonious state. The last building we will visit is the Avalokitesvara Pavilion in the north yard. When we entered the yard just now we saw a statue of her. Now I’d like to introduce her carefully. As a goddess, she swore that she would not become a Buddha until all the living creatures suffering from pains were saved. So she became a bodhisattva who is most popular among the people and attracts the most believers of all the gods and goddesses in Buddhism. It was said that one would be saved from trouble and disaster as long as he (she) chanted her name and if it was heard by her. Thus she is called Guanshiyin, which means ‘hearing or looking on the voices of the suffering’. Because of her kind heart and benevolence she got another title ‘the Goddess of Mercy’. According to Buddhism, bodhisattvases have no distinction of sex, that is, they are neither male nor female, because they are immortals. But it’s very strange and interesting that most of bodhisattvases were engraved or carved in the images of various kinds of men in human society. Changes didn’t take place until an emperor’s mother thought it was inconvenient to worship a male bodhisattva in her bedroom. From then on, Guanshiyin, the bodhisattvas began to appear before her believers in the image of a beautiful and elegant lady. We’ll pay a visit to a very serious, sacred place. Generally, the place is regarded as the most holy by Buddhists. It is the Grand Hall, where the founder of Buddhism, Sakyamuni is worshiped. It is always the center of a Buddhist temple in construction and in Buddhists’ mind. The statue in the middle is Sakyamuni. According to Buddhism his mother gave birth to him in a garden. He belonged to Kshatreya Caste. He married his cousin when he was 16 or 17 years old. At the age of 29, he was confronted with the sights of an old man, a sick man, a corpse, and a wandering ascetic. With eyes opened to aspects of life newly revealed to him, he broke from the material world and became an ascetic. Six years later, he gave up mystic concentration that at last brought him enlightenment under a bo tree. He then founded an order of mendicants and spent his next 45 years preaching his ideas until his death. These two statue beside the Buddha are his two disciples. The one on the right was said to be Sakyamuni’s cousin and he had good memory so that he could remember all the Buddha told his disciples. The one on the left was said to be the lord of Brahmnism and he once was Sakyamuni’s tutor. But afterwards he was convinced by Buddhism after long-term debate between Buddhism and other religions and he accepted Sakyamuni as his tutor. Thus he became the eldest one of all Sakyamuni’s disciples. Next, we’ll pay a visit to the Ahrat Hall in the south court. The Ahrat Hall is an important structure in a Buddhist temple. But not all temples have an Ahrat Hall, especially, well-kept Ahrat Halls are very rare in China. This one is among them, and what’s more, it has its own unique characteristics. Generally, an Ahrat Hall is a square building. The building is subdivided into four small square courts so that the hall can get enough sunlight. This kind of structure show some lucky implies in Chinese Buddhist culture. Another characteristic about the hall lies in these sculptures themselves. They were neither made up of wood, nor stone, nor clay. A special way was taken in making them, which could prevents them from being burned, being soaked or being eaten by insects. All the sculptures were floating in water while Wuhan was flooded in 1954, but, surprisingly, they were sound and safe after the flood had receded. It was really a wonder. Ahrats are the immortals in Buddhism. But when you have a look around the sculptures, you may find from the expressions on their faces that they are so familiar to you. That’s only because they were molded on the basis of the people in the reality, so they are human beings in our daily life rather than immortals. Ahrats are the symbols of harmony, happiness, and good luck, so the Wuhan natives have got used to counting ahrats since ancient time to pray for peace. There are a few ways of counting ahrats. We can count from the first ahrat from left to right or from right to left, when we just enter the hall. We can also choose any ahrat as our starting point, and count in the same way, left to right or right to left. We should base counting on our own ages whatever we take. For example, I’m 25, so I should stop in front of the 25th ahrat from the starting ahrat. The sculpture in front of which I stop is my lucky ahrat. My lucky ahrat will accompany me to spend a peaceful and lucky year. Wouldn’t you like to have a try now? If you need, I can explain connotation of some ahrats. That’s all for the explanation to Guiyuan Temple. Thank you for your cooperation and understanding. You will have another 30 minutes to have a look around the temple. If you have any problems, do let me know. I would like to repeat our bus number, A3074. Please don’t forget. See you later. 各位游客朋友们: 我代表我们××旅行社欢迎大家的到来。
我姓张,大家就叫我小张好了
就好像人们常说的那样,相逢就是缘分。
能和大家相逢在美丽的江城武汉并和大家一起度过这段美好的时光,我感到非常荣幸。
这位是我们的司机倪师傅,驾驶经验非常丰富,所以各位在旅游途中可以放心地欣赏窗外武汉的美景。
今天就由我们两个为大家服务,大家有什么问题可以尽管提出来,我们将尽力为您解决。
希望能用我们的热心、耐心和细心换来你的放心、开心。
归元寺 归元寺位于武汉市内,是清顺治十五年(1658)浙江僧人白光、主峰来此创建的。
1983年被国务院确定为汉地全国重点佛教寺院。
现为湖北省佛教协会和武汉市佛教协会的所在地。
这里古树参天,花木繁茂,泉清水绿,曲径通幽,是“汉西一境”。
归元寺由北院、中院和南院三个各具特色的庭院组成,拥有藏经阁、大雄宝殿、罗汉堂三组主要建筑,占地面积17500多平方米。
北院的主要建筑是藏经楼,是一座两侧五开间的楼阁式建筑,高约25米,顶为大脊,鱼角搬爪,飞栱飞檐,古朴玲珑;当面为四柱通天,双凤朝阳,五龙戏珠。
整个建筑精巧壮观,金碧辉煌。
这里藏有许多佛教文物,除藏经外,还有佛像、法物、石雕、书画碑帖及外文典籍,是国内收藏佛像较多的一个佛寺。
1935年太虚法师出访缅甸时,仰光的佛教徒赠他一尊1吨多重的玉石雕成的释迦牟尼佛像,就供奉在这里。
这种佛像在我国只有三尊,其他二尊分别列供于北京和上海。
藏经阁里收藏的佛经有:清代《龙藏》一部,宋代影印本《碛砂藏》一部,清末民初上海印《频伽藏》一部。
另外还有两件珍品:一是清光绪元年(1875),湖南衡山69岁老人李舜千书写的“佛”字。
“佛”字是在长宽不超过6寸的纸上,由《金刚经》和《心经》原文共5424个字组成。
每个字只有芝麻大,肉眼分辨不清。
用30倍放大镜看,笔力挺秀,是书法珍品。
另一件是武昌僧人妙荣和尚刺血调和金粉抄成的《华严经》和《法华经》,字体娟秀,堪称精品。
中院的主体建筑是大雄宝殿。
该殿初建于清顺治十八年(1661),后经多次维修。
现大雄宝殿是清光绪三十四年(1908)重修。
大殿正中供奉着释迦牟尼坐像,两侧为其弟子阿难和迦叶像。
释迦偏袒左肩,结跏趺坐,庄严静穆。
佛像后背是用樟木雕刻而成的“五龙捧圣”的图案。
佛像前还有韦驮、弥勒、地藏像。
佛像后是一组海岛观音像。
只见海岛观音赤足站立,左右侍立着一龙女和童子,背后是一面高达八尺的泥塑悬崖峭壁,足下碧波万顷,怒涛汹涌。
整个塑像向前倾覆。
人们仰视上去,只见观音衣袖似在飘动,正在汹涌的波涛上迎面向你走来,增加了宗教艺术的感染力。
佛像前的供桌,是一件不可多得的木刻珍品。
供桌高4丈8尺,横阔1丈2尺,深宽2.5尺,前嵌垂栏,宽1.5尺,高0.6尺,其间分为五格,深画镂空。
图案描绘的是唐玄奘取经回长安时,君民夹道欢迎的场面:有唐僧、孙悟空、猪八戒、沙和尚等《西游记》人物,有李世民以下文武百官、侍卫、庶民百姓;有亭院殿墙,车马山水,幢幡宝盖,香炉蜡台等一应俱全。
综观全图,繁复活泼,盛况空前。
垂栏下沿为五龙云彩,周围匝绕,以四虎腿支地,生动有力。
相传这一樟木雕刻由十人历时一年才完成。
大雄宝殿前的韦驮殿内,供奉着一尊木雕韦驮像,身着铠甲,手持宝杵,威武挺立,用我国古代武将形象表达了古印度神话中“四大天王三十二将”之首的护法神形象。
这座木雕系用整块樟木雕成,线条刀法都是唐朝风格,是归元寺的艺术珍品,也是我国雕刻艺术品中的一件宝贵遗产。
归元寺属曹洞宗,又称归元禅寺,它与宝通寺、溪莲寺、正觉寺今称为武汉的四大丛林。
希望大家旅途愉快,谢谢。
定慧寺导游词(100字左右)
定慧寺建筑形式为仿唐式。
现在基本保持了明、清遗留下来的风貌。
定慧寺占地总面积约十六亩,平面布局成“回””字型,即闻名的“楼包殿、水环寺、门朝北”的格局。
门朝北,据不少古园林专家、学者来如考察,认为门朝北,较为罕见,亦引起游人兴趣。
对此解释是,定慧寺过去位于古城河的南边,到了明嘉靖年间,为防倭患,嘉靖三十三年后筑城防,定慧寺被包入新城。
这样,定慧寺北有古城河,南有龙游河,西有玉莲池,东有放生池,形成了“水环寺”的天然地势。
明万历间,定慧寺重塑佛像,大兴土木,为方便起见,索性北向,这就是山门向北之故。
如此,整个建筑采取协调手法,将原山门改为藏经楼,又形成楼包殿宇的格局。
大雄宝殿为定慧寺的主体建筑。
殿高10米,为“四级歇山式”,大殿面阔五间,进深四间,山门面阔三间,又称金刚殿。
门前置石狮一对。
金刚殿与大雄殿之间有石阶九重,上为二门,二门面阔五间,为大殿之护门。
大殿之南的藏经楼面阔五间,进深四间,楼上珍藏佛经法宝,楼下供佛像。
东侧有禅堂、引堂、方丈室、观音楼等。
西侧有大悲殿、华严楼、斋堂、讲经堂、僧寮、库房等。
从1990年起又早在山门和二门两侧,恢复建造了钟、鼓二楼,在东北部辟建了“功德林”素菜馆。



