对北京介绍的一篇导游词。
英文200词
Beijing is the birthplace of Chinese Civilization and one of the six ancient capital cities in China.During the last 3000 years it served as a capital for several dynasties.It is the second largest city in China with a population of more than 11 million.Beijing is neither cold in winter nor very hot in summer.The best seasons in Beijing are Spring and Autumn.Beijing is indeed an ideal place to visit all round the year.Temple of Heaven in the southern part of Beijing is China`s largest existing complex of ancient sacrificial buildings.Occupying an area of 273 hectares,it is three times the area of the Forbidden City.It was built in 1420 for emperors to worship Heaven.The principle buildings include the Altar of Prayer for Good Harvests,Imperial Vault of Heaven and Circular Mound Altar.Forbidden City,so called because it was off limits to commoners for 500 years,is the largest and best-preserved cluster of ancient buildings in China.It was home to two dynasties of emperors -the Ming and the Qing - who didnt stray from this pleasure dome unless they absolutely had to.Great Wall of China,Also know n to the Chinese as the 10,000 Li Wall,the Great Wall of China stretches from Shanhaiguan Pass on the east coast to Jiayuguan Pass in the Gobi Desert.Standard histories emphasize the unity of the wall.
景山公园英语导游词
景文导游词【篇一：景山公园】景山公园1928年开始对外开放1949年后。
进行修理和全面修建，辟为景山公园。
先后建成银杏园、海棠园、牡丹园、桃园、苹果园、葡萄园、柿子林。
全园坐北朝南，红墙黄瓦围墙，占地23万平方米。
山高43米，周长1015米。
园内花卉草坪占地1100平方米，有树木近万株。
主要建筑有园门、绮望楼、峰亭、寿皇殿建筑群、兴庆阁、永思殿、吉祥阁、观德殿等。
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#一块去旅行# #公园游# #名胜古迹# #汽车租赁# #快乐旅行# #北京旅游# @我是winnie @北京大巴车租赁@大吖脚@快乐sky @wwyy @暗水幽灵@徐小洁@一起养生吧@今云少@promontory @大强大点麻@指尖留云@ms麦兜@保护色。
爱乐活生活医疗旅行。
爱乐活——有态度、正能量的品质生活社区。
热爱生活，乐于分享的各类达人聚在这里，分享消费攻略，激发生活灵感，发现城市最in的角落。
在这里，有爱，有乐，有生活。
【篇二：景山公园】景山公园元代，这里有座小土丘，名叫青山，属于元大内后苑的范围。
明代在北京修建皇宫时，曾在这里堆过煤，所以又称煤山。
由于它的位置正好在全城的中轴线上，又是皇宫北边的一道屏障，所以，风水术士称它为镇山。
明清时园内种了许多果树，养过鹿、鹤等动物，因而山下曾叫百果园，山上曾叫万岁山。
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景山山上五亭横列，中峰建有万春亭；东侧依次建有观妙亭和周赏亭；西侧依次建有辑芳亭和富览亭。
谁能提供圆明园和世界公园的英文导游词!急!
Where is a problem which comes to the visitor of tour in Peking to usually inquire about's ising the beard of Peking together.The beard of Peking originated a dollar generation at the earliest stage together, the most hours contain more than 6000s, the history was the earliest is dynasty the sun avenue and east inside the door four it the one beard of programed together very tidy, beard together and beard together it the distance of was mostly same.South north alignment of general is street, opposite compare breadth, such as from train station in Peking up to dynasty south small street and north small street of avenue inside the sun door, because of past with walk wagon is lord, so also call street.The thing heads for of general is a beard together, opposite more narrow with walk artificial lord, beard together both sides generally and all is four match a hospital.Divide the line from the geography position, ex- door with the beard of north same sort more breadth, program more tidy, ex- door with south of beard same sort is more narrow, programing is not tidy either.At Manchu dynasty, pure government for the sake of safety, disallow other parts of country to come to pernel in the city to live in the capital city, so the other parts of country per concentrates to live fore door and 崇 text door outside, also therefore became an ex- door business district;Many in the foreign pernel is come to city to rush through to test of raise a person, so became the azure stone factory cultural street, there are many amusement places in overpass region, the theater in Peking also all concentrates in the south city.The place of common people concentration activity inside city in Peking is in the sea of 什刹 a take.Because the beard of Peking isn't together concentrated, generally also impassability , sight-see more tired, this station chose some beards together of photograph with provide the understanding beard the together general circumstance.Beard in money City together is together the most narrow beard of Peking(left diagram and descend diagram), locating an ex- door outside jewelry City avenue.In the past this beard together all of insides were together money shops, so called beard in money City.The beard wins the most narrow place to only have 80 cms of the breadths together, two people meet only the side wear body and then can pass by.The beard is together long to be about 3410 meters.Old Peking beard togetherThe beard is together a great special features of Peking.When a modernize international metropolis in the beard together of up rise straight from the ground of time, people are worrying:Would the beard elapse together?As it does probably just, someone again 拣 has 1 to seem to be an old topic:Beard together is how become streets and lanes of name of?Is this phrase to how builds out?Put forward new look, so today again old words heavy say.A, beard together isn't a Chinese language at the beginningBeard same phrase sees a various dollar a miscellaneous song at the beginning.Close 汉卿《broad sword meeting 》medium, there is the language ofkill a blood beard together.Dollar miscellaneous play 《sand door the island piece living to cook sea 》medium, the piece feather asks plum joss-stick:Where is your house lived?The plum joss-stick says:My house lives the brick tower son beard together.The brick tower beard is together four south avenues at the west, the place name change up to now.Dollar person bear dream 祥著《the ambition of 析津》medium say understand:The beard is two words this dialect.Dialect where, dollar mostly of.Clear person the plad says further in 《 the 宛 office miscellaneously record 》 :Beard together this person's language.Since is a dollar person's language, that can't be the Chinese language.The dollar generation divides the line a person to four to wait:Mongols, the eyes person of the color, Hahn people, south person.So-called Hahn people, point Hahn people, female true person, the person of 契丹 , tall 丽 person of north.These four kinds of people not same race, also don't use same language.Sodollar person's language's ising also affirmative isn't south person's language, as for color eyes person, include of the race is more.For this reasondollar person's language can be a language Mongolia.Three, the strange name is original in the transliterationSome beards in Peking together of name ream the person is strange, can't explain because of using Chinese language.But, if the name making these beards becoming Mongolia the language together, very hermeneutic.Try to raise several example:The excrement hull 郎 beard together, this name has another unpleasant to hear, much ugly!Why do the at the beginning this place residents start to want so name?In fact this name translate Mongolia the language is sweet water well!There is one墨 river beard together in the dynasty, Mongolia the meaning of the language is have the well of flavor son, being probably polluted.In addition, such as drum 哨 beard together(or write to do hoop 筲 a beard together), hard water well;Chrysanthemum son beard together or bureau son beard together, double well;碾 Son beard together or 辇 son beard together, thin well;Ba's son beard together, small well;The horse good beard together or the beard of 蚂螂 provide the well of animal drinking together and particularly ……There is still not a few hat beard together in Peking.Hat beard together Mongolia language is bad well, break well of meaning, plus one surname before, express this bad well belongs to the a certain and privately owned.This not is lead long strong false assumption, the white hat beard has onewhite return to beard together together and side and once, elucidation here once is a white surname the 穆斯 wood's residence.But there is once onehouse beard together inpig hair beard together neighborhood, explained to really once live here surname somebody else.茅 Beard's ising together nearby is the red bayberry bamboo inclined street.这些应该够了吧``不够在给我发邮件我给你发``375033038@qq.com
写一篇英文作文关于英语导游带团来北京景点旅游的介绍
北京，中华人民共和国首都、中央直辖市、中国国家中心城市，中国政治、文化、教育和国际交流中心，同时是中国经济金融的决策中心和管理中心。
北京位于华北平原北端，东南与天津相连，其余为河北省所环绕。
北京有着3000余年的建城史和850余年的建都史，是“中国四大古都”之一，具有一定的国际影响力，其最早见于文献的名称为“蓟”。
北京荟萃了自元明清以来的中华文化，拥有众多名胜古迹和人文景观，是全球拥有世界文化遗产最多的城市。
北京也为华北地区降雨最多的地区之一。
历史悠久的国际高等大学北京大学、清华大学也坐落于北京。
风景名胜北京是全球拥有世界遗产（6处）最多的城市，是全球首个拥有世界地质公园的首都城市。
北京旅游资源丰富，对外开放的旅游景点达200多处，有世界上最大的皇宫紫禁城、祭天神庙天坛、皇家花园北海、皇家园林颐和园和圆明园，还有八达岭长城、慕田峪长城以及世界上最大的四合院恭王府等名胜古迹。
全市共有文物古迹7309项，99处全国重点文物保护单位（含长城和京杭大运河的北京段）、326处市级文物保护单位、5处国家地质公园、15处国家森林公园。
世界文化遗产：故宫、长城、周口店北京人遗址、天坛、颐和园、明十三陵。
世界地质公园：北京房山世界地质公园。
国家级风景名胜区：八达岭―十三陵、石花洞。
中国历史文化名街：国子监街、烟袋斜街。
中国历史文化名镇：密云县古北口镇。
中国历史文化名村。
门头沟区：斋堂镇爨底下村、斋堂镇灵水村、龙泉镇琉璃渠村。
历史文化西周时成为周朝的诸侯国之一的燕国的都城。
自金朝起成为古代中国首都中都。
自元代起，开始成为全中国的首都。
明朝自成祖后开始对北京进行大规模扩建，明朝时期北京成为第一个汉族王朝的首都。
清朝在延续明北京城的基础上又进行了一些修缮和扩建。
至清末北京成为当时世界上最大的城市。
北京有着3000余年的建城史和859余年的建都史。
自秦汉以来北京地区一直是中国北方的军事和商业重镇。
1860年，英法联军打进北京；1900年，八国联军再次打进北京，美丽的北京城受到了非常严重的破坏和洗劫，大量文物被侵略军和坏民劫掠。
1911年辛亥革命后，民国元年1月1日，中华民国定都南京，同年3月迁都北京，直至民国十七年中国国民党北伐军攻占北京，张作霖败回东北，北洋政府下台。
民国伊始，北京的地方体制仍依清制，称顺天府。
直至民国三年，改顺天府为京兆地方，直辖于中央政府北洋政府。
这一时期，北京新建了有轨电车系统，和一批现代的文化教育机构，如清华大学、燕京大学、北京大学、辅仁大学、协和医学院等。
1937年七•七事变后，北平被日本占领。
伪中华民国临时政府在此成立，且将北平改名为北京。
1945年8月21日，入侵北京的日本军队宣布投降，重新更名为北平。
1949年1月31日，中国人民解放军进入北平市，实现对北京的解放。
同年9月27日中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过《关于中华人民共 和国国都、纪年、国歌、国旗的决议》，北平更名为北京。
1949年10月1日，中华人民共和国中央人民政府在北京宣告成立。
宗教文化北京城不仅汇聚了世界上著名的五大宗教（道教、佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教、天主教），而且这五大宗教建筑和文化也各有特色。
比如，现在我们行驶的朝阜路上，短短几公里，就聚居了四个宗教（朝阳门外的东岳庙、东四清真寺、隆福寺、广济寺、历代帝王庙、白塔寺）的建筑，而在北京宣南地区，以北京建城纪念柱为中心的周边地区，可以说聚集了五大宗教的许多著名活动场所。
这些场所有：佛教的天宁寺、法源寺、长椿寺；道教的白云观；基督教珠市口教堂；天主教宣武门教堂（南堂）；伊斯兰教牛街礼拜寺；这种“宗教文化区”在世界大城市中是罕见的，体现了东方“和”的文化氛围，体现了北京城市文化的独特魅力，体现了中华民族的伟大凝聚力。
风俗禁忌北京是座千年古都，历史上，因长期处于中原与北方民族的交汇处，故而曾融合了众多民族的文化、习俗与语言。
久而久之，便产生出了富有本地特色的北京风俗习惯。
例如集吃喝玩乐于一体的北京庙会等。
节日北京的传统节日形式多样、内容丰富，是中华民族悠久历史文化的一个组成部分。
从这些流传至今的节日风俗里，可以清晰地看到古代人民社会生活的精彩画面。
特色的节日如龙庆峡冰灯艺术节、香山红叶节、白云观庙会、东岳庙庙会等。
北京天坛导游词
各位游客，你们好!今天我们要参观的是以前皇帝祭天的地方——天坛。
天坛是明朝建成的祭天圣坛，主建筑是大祀殿，也就是今天的祈年殿。
天坛有外坛墙和内坛墙，北圆南方，寓意天圆地方。
乾隆年间，将大祀殿改为现在的祈年殿，将屋顶瓦片改成蓝色的琉璃瓦，形成了今天我们看到的这个世界上最大的祭天建筑群。
这一祭天圣地，在1860年遭到了的洗劫，1900年又遭到的蹂躏。
以后，这里成了著名的旅游景点，来这里的除了旅游者，还有很多健身的人们。
现在就让我们沿着当年皇帝登坛的路线开始游览。
现在我们是沿着天坛建筑的中轴线在向南行进，将要看到的就是古代皇帝祭天的圜丘坛。
圜丘有两道围护墙，外方内圆，符合天圆地方的说法。
每道墙都有四组门，大家可以注意到，门的大小都不一样，这是因为中门是上帝专用的，所以高大；皇帝只能从左侧的门进入；而其他的官员只能从右边最小的门通过。
来到圜丘坛下，我们马上要开始登坛了，不过要请您留心数一数，每层坛面都有多少台阶。
到了最高层，大家会发现，坛上所有的台阶数，都是九或者九的倍数。
这些难道都是巧合么?当然不是，因为古人认为九是极阳数，所以工匠们便用这个数字来赋予圜丘坛“崇高”之意。
说完了神坛的奇妙，我再给您介绍一下祭天大典的盛况。
到了每年的冬至，皇帝就要在这里祭天。
在这个典礼上，需要特别提到的是皇帝恭读祝文所站立的地方，就是这块天心石。
它是天坛三大声学现象之一。
在这里朗读的时候声音特别洪亮，各位游客不妨体验一下，也像当年的皇帝一样，向上天诉说自己美好的愿望。
现在咱们继续沿着中轴线行走，面前的建筑叫做天库，它的正殿就是皇穹宇。
皇穹宇三个字也分别代表了“至高无上”“天”“宇宙”的意思，更加显示出它的神圣和至尊。
这组建筑不仅十分精美，而且还有回音壁和三音石，这和刚才我们说的“天心石”合称天坛三大声学现象。
回音壁就是皇穹宇的外墙，围墙十分平滑，可以传声，在传递途中对声音损失极小，只要对着墙说话，就算相隔四五十米，见不到面，都可以清晰地听到对方说话。
三音石是皇穹宇大殿正前方的三块石头，您站在第一块石头上拍手可以听到一次回音，站在第二块石头上拍手可以听到两次，而站在第三块石头上拍手就可以听到三次回音，所以称为三音石。
在游览过了圜丘坛和皇穹宇之后，我们即将走进祈谷坛了，祈谷坛的主体建筑就是祈年殿，祈年殿是一座极具中国特色的独特建筑。
圆形尖屋顶是用蓝色的琉璃瓦覆盖，以此来象征天。
和每年的祭天一样，这里是用来祈谷的地方。
在祭祀的当天，有乐队在殿外月台上奏乐，身穿祭服的皇帝虔诚步入神殿，向牌位行大礼，祈祷上苍，然后把供品送到祈年门外焚烧，送上天宫。
现在我们从祈谷坛的东门出来，可以看到一条长廊，是祭祀时运送祭品的通道。
今天的观光游览就要结束了，在天坛的这段时光希望能成为您北京之游中的永恒记忆。
同时也请您把天坛的祝福带给您的家人朋友。
参考资料：地图团祝您一帆风顺。
高中英文导游词作文一百词左右
Ladies and Gentlemen: I am pleased to serve as your guide today. This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne. In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.
中英文对照导游词
北京天安门 中英文导游词Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps: 1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony) 2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower. 3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed. 4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites. 5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country. Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”. During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities. On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution. The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept. The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west. The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament. The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely. In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration. On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chine\\\\a. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper. Tian’anmen Square Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st. Around the Square are several famous buildings: 1 The Great Hall of the People This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features. 2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919: 1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC); 2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.); 3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.); 4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.) The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949. 3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value. On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai. At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are: 1) The Burning of Opium in 1840: 2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi; 3) The Revolution of 1911; 4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919; 5) The May 30th Movement of 1925; 6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi; 7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945; 8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”. 4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977. The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children. Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country. In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him. On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country. Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999. 各位游客朋友： 我们我们现在已经来到了天安门广场。
大家可以看一下，我们现在的位置是在天安门广场南北方向的中轴线上，距我们南面的人民英雄纪念碑大约有100米左右的距离。
我们今天在天安门广场游览的时间是30分钟。
大家向我这里聚一下，我先给大家简要介绍一下天安门广场的主要景观。
（手势，向北指）大家先向这边看。
（稍停顿，待游客目光集中于手指方向）我爱北京--天-安-门。
一会儿，我会向大家详细介绍天安门的的沧桑历史。
除了天安门城楼外，我还要向您介绍天安门前的金水桥、以及桥前的华表和石狮。
大家回一下头，您看到了，这就是庄严挺拔的人民英雄纪念碑了，随后我也将向您讲一讲她的故事。
纪念碑南边的建筑就是毛主席纪念堂，我们今天的行程没有安排大家瞻仰毛主席遗容，如果您有意去的话，可以告诉我，我会尽量满足您的愿望。
天安门广场东侧的建筑是中国革命历史博物馆，这里陈列了大量珍贵的革命历史文物。
和她相对着的，（手势，向西指）西边的这座建筑，就是非常著名的人民大会堂。
关于她，一会儿我也会向您做详细介绍。
好好好，大家现在可以在广场上拍照留念。
拍照前我给大家提个醒，大家尽量避免站在这条中轴线上拍照，旗杆可能会影响您的拍摄效果。
另外，大家如果在纪念碑前拍照的话，建议您到纪念碑的那一侧去拍，在这边是逆光，会影响照片的效果。
给大家10分钟时间，拍完照请到这里集合，我在这里等大家. 下面我首先为大家介绍一下天安门城楼。
天安门原为明清两代皇城的正门，始建于明永乐十五年（1417），最初叫做承天门，取承天启运，受命于天之意。
清顺治八年（1651年）重修而改名天安门，含受命于天和安邦治民的意思。
至今已有580多年的历史了，是全国重点文物保护单位。
天安门城楼，建筑在巨大条石砌成的须弥座式城台上，造型庄重浑厚，宏伟典雅，是中国传统建筑艺术的典型代表作之一。
城楼通高34.7米。
城台上的大殿宽九楹（62.77米），进深五楹（27.25米），象征封建帝王的九五至尊。
大殿为重檐歇山式，朱墙黄琉璃瓦顶。
南面设有菱花隔扇门、窗36扇，殿内外立有直径2米的巨柱60根，天花、斗拱、梁枋等处、均绘满了最高等级的金龙和玺彩画，金碧辉煌，极为雄伟壮观。
1988年的元旦，天安门城楼正式对外向游客开放。
在天安门高大的暗红城墙中辟有五个券洞门，明清时代，这里的门、桥行走规制森严，中门为皇帝进出专用。
皇帝每年冬至往天坛祭天，夏至去地坛祭地，孟春赴先农坛耕籍田，都要出入天安门。
那么，在当时，是不是只有皇帝一人才能进出中门呢
这位朋友答的对，不是。
大家知道还有什么人可以走这里吗
（稍做停顿）让我来告诉大家。
此外，皇帝的父母可从中门入宫；皇帝大婚，皇后可从中门进入一次；新科状元等金殿传胪后，可从中门出宫一回。
除此之外，严禁任何人进出，否则是要治重罪的。
中门左右的两座旁门，供宗室王公和三品以上文武百官通行。
过去天安门是座只进喜，不出丧的吉祥之门 好好天安门的设计者是蒯（kuǎi）祥。
蒯祥是江苏吴县人，明初洪武年间生于木匠家庭，他的父亲是一位有名望的木工师傅，能主建大型工程。
蒯祥受父亲影响，从小学艺，勤奋好学，聪慧过人，三十来岁时，已成为才华出众的木工匠师了。
燕王朱棣，也就是后来的永乐皇帝，经靖难之役取得帝位后，决定从南京迁都北京。
永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），明成祖朱棣调集全国各地的能工巧匠前来北京营建工程巨大、难度极高的天安门（初名承天门）等宏伟建筑。
蒯祥以高超的设计方案和精湛的建筑技艺，被推选为皇宫工程的建筑设计师。
当时人们尊称他为蒯鲁班。
蒯祥曾担任建筑皇家宫殿的官吏，直至工部左侍郎等官职，为中国的民族建筑艺术创下了光辉的业绩。
天安门是明清两朝历代帝王金凤颁诏的重地，凡遇国家庆典、新帝即位、皇帝结婚、册立皇后，都需要在此举行颁诏仪式。
届时于城楼大殿前正中设立宣诏台。
由礼部尚书在紫禁城太和殿奉接皇帝诏书，盖上御宝，把诏书敬放在云盘内，捧出太和门，置于抬着的龙亭内，再出午门，登上天安门城楼。
然后将诏书恭放于宣诏台上，由宣诏官进行宣读。
文武百官按等级依次排列于金水桥南，面北而跪恭听。
宣诏完毕，就把皇帝诏书衔放在一只木雕金凤的嘴里，再用黄绒绳从上系下，礼部官员托着朵云盘在下跪接，接着用龙亭将诏书抬到礼部，经黄纸誊写，分送各地，布告天下。
这种颁发封建帝王圣旨礼仪的全过程，就叫做金凤颁诏。
好好我国古代有人生四喜的说法，也就是久旱逢甘霖，他乡遇故知，洞房花烛夜，金榜题名时。
现在，问大家一个有意思的问题，哪位朋友知道，金榜题名的金榜张贴在什么地方
（稍停，待游客猜测）到底在哪里呢
请听我下文分解。
明清时代盛行科举制度，每逢殿试后的第三天，新考中的进士们恭立于天安门金水桥南，等候传呼他们进太和殿朝拜皇帝的礼仪，名叫金殿传胪。
当在太和殿传胪唱名后，礼部官员捧着皇帝钦定的黄榜，带领新科状元、榜眼、探花们出午门，再将黄榜放在龙亭内，在鼓乐仪仗的簇拥下抬出天安门，将黄榜张贴于龙门，也就是当时的长安左门外的龙棚里，公布天下，这里就是张贴金榜的地方，长安左门的位置大致是现在的劳动人民文化宫门前东南侧。
天安门历经沧桑，在新中国成立后，更焕发出了耀人的光彩。
1949年的10月1日，主席在天安门城楼上向全世界宣布了社会主义新中国的诞生，天安门不再是至高无上的封建皇权的象征，而成为了一个新生的人民民主国家的标志，在国徽图案的中央，我们可以看到这座庄严雄伟的建筑。
建国以后，这里成为国家举行重大庆典活动的场所，特别是每逢国庆，党和国家领导人都要登上天安门城楼主持庆典并和各界群众联欢。
天安门前的金水河又称御河、外金水河。
河上横跨七座石桥，中桥正对天安门的中门，叫御路桥，最宽大，雕龙修饰，供帝、后专用。
两旁桥名王公桥，为宗室王公行走。
外侧的两桥称品级桥，供三品以上官员通行。
以上五桥均为三孔。
位于太庙（今劳动人民文化宫）和社稷坛（今中山公园）门前的单孔石桥，叫公生桥，为四品以下官员过往。
那时门、桥行走等级森严，不得有丝毫触犯。
天安门前，也是明清两代进行秋审和朝审的地方。
封建王朝的最高执法机关--刑部衙门，每年五月要把全国各省被判死刑的囚犯名单汇集起来，敬呈皇帝过目。
八月中旬，皇帝诏令有关官员在天安门前进行最后判决，这叫秋审。
朝审则在霜降后举行，主要终审在北京刑部监狱里关押的死刑犯。
这就是为什么以前被判处死刑的人要秋后问斩。
凡经秋审、朝审判处死刑的人，立即推出虎门--长安右门，押赴宣武门外的菜市口等刑场处决。
因此人们对长安左、右门，有龙门与虎门之称。
即凡出'龙门者，荣登金榜，前程似锦；而押出虎门者，则被终判死罪，毫无生还之望。
长安右门的位置大致是在现中山公园门前西南侧。
在天安门南北门外，分别耸立有一对雕刻精美、挺拔秀丽的云龙华表。
据《淮南子·主术训》记载，远在尧舜时代就有街头设表木的做法，用以王者纳谏，征求民众意见以治天下。
到秦汉时期，表木被改为指路标，叫华表。
后来华表经不断美化，便逐渐演变成为中国独具民族建筑特色的艺术装饰品，深为世人所青睐。
系神话传说中的神异物，用汉白玉石雕成蹲于每支华表顶端的承露盘中，双目炯炯有神，密切注视前方。
于天安门里的 脸朝北，双目紧盯皇宫，名望君出，它提醒皇帝不要迷恋深宫生活，而应及时出宫巡视，以利治理天下。
在天安门外一对华表的 则脸朝南，双目向远方眺望，名望君归。
它时时关注皇帝外巡中的行为举止，如不检点或时间长了，望君归就呼唤帝王不得沉米山水、野趣、而应早日回宫，料理国家大事。
好好天安门金水桥前的这一对大石狮，雕工精绝，造型逼真，威武异常。
它们的双目都紧紧注视着天安门前正中的御道（中轴线），以体现它们是封建帝王忠实的卫士身份。
朋友们来看西边的这一只石狮，它的肚皮上有一个深深的洞，这是怎么回事呢
这里有一个很有传奇色彩的故事，据说明代崇祯十七年（1644年）四月，农民起义军首领闯王李自成攻打北京时，当他率军冲进天安门前的T形广场后，只见皇城的大门--承天门就在眼前。
对此，他愤怒地拈弓搭箭，只听嗖….的一声，正射中承天门匾额的天字，顿时众军喝彩，欢声雷动，随后李闯王收起硬弓，挺枪跃马一直奔金水桥冲杀过去。
突然，桥头的两只大石狮张牙舞爪，凶猛阻挡去路。
闯王见此怒不可遏，挺枪刺去，即刻火花四溅，长枪戳向了一只狮子的腹部。
双狮见势不妙，拖着悲惨的哀鸣声，各自退回了原位。
现在的这个洞，就是枪伤疤了。
朋友们，我们面前的这条街就是有神州第一街美誉的长安街。
长安街，当年从长安左门至东单牌楼，名东长安街；从长安右门至西单牌楼，叫西长安街。
古时东西长安街仅3.7公里，有十里长街之称，这是京城历史上有名的天街，其名取自盛唐时代的大都城--长安，含长治久安的之意。
长安街修筑于明朝永乐四年至十八年（1406-1420），与皇城同时建造，是明代兴建北京城总体规划的重要组成部分之一。
东西平行走向的长安街，与纵横南北八公里长的御道中轴线，在天安门前正好垂直相交成准确的十字型经纬座标中心点，从而构成了北京城座北朝南，街巷纵横的总体布局。
原东、西长安左、右门前分别均竖有巨型下马碑，上刻官员人等，到此下马。
古代皇宫内是严禁骑马的，除非是金殿传胪时的新科状元，可骑皇帝御赐的高头大马，在长安街上走过，以示皇恩浩荡。
清王朝灭亡后，内城墙中东西两侧的建国门与复兴门在民国二十九年（1940）被打开的。
新中国成立以后，街面被展宽为50-100米，东西长安街的延伸线东达通州，西抵石景山，总长50公里，有百里长街的美称。
大家现在随我通过地下通道去天安门广场，上下台阶时请您注意安全。
（天安门广场） 我们现在处的这个位置是天安门广场，位于北京城的中心。
其南北长880米，东西宽500米，占地面积44万平方米。
可容纳100万人举行盛大的集会、游行，是当今世界上最宏大的城市中心广场和最著名的旅游胜地之一。
在明清时代，天安门广场是一处皇家禁地，由宫墙围护，仅设三门。
即南有大明门（清朝改称大清门，辛亥革命后叫中华门）、东有长安左门、西有长安右门。
三门之间形成一个封闭式的T字形宫廷广场，原是天安门前举行皇家活动的重要场所。
在T形广场的东、西、南三面，当时建有通脊联檐的朝房144间，名叫千步廊，以供场内活动之用。
清代乾隆年间，又在东、西长安左、右门外加筑三座门，严禁行人过往。
那时人们来往于东城和西城之间，需要绕行于大清门以南或地安门以北，极为不便。
在天安门T形广场东、西千步廊外的大片地带，原是明清两代皇家最高官署衙门的集结之地。
如：东侧（今历史博物馆一带）有礼部、户部、吏部、工部、兵部、宗人府、鸿胪寺、钦天监和太医院等中央文职机关。
西侧（人民大会堂一带）设有銮仪卫（御林军）太常寺、通政司和前、中、后、左、右五军都督府等武职机构。
过去有文东武西和东掌生、西掌死之说，指的就是这些关系到人们生死荣辱的封建王朝的最高权力衙门而言。
明清两朝，从天安门T形广场南端的大明门（清时叫大清门，今毛主席纪念堂一带）至正阳门之间，有一块方形场地，宛如棋盘，故有棋盘街之名。
当年人们喜爱在此贩卖风味小吃、小百货，以及表演戏曲、杂耍等，情似庙会，非常热闹。
由于
怎样以导游词的形式介绍香山公园
停车坐爱枫林晚, 霜叶红于二月花. 各位游客，大家好。
欢迎大家来到北京香山公园参观游览。
我是大家的景点讲解员小张。
今天大家在香山的游览就由我全程为大家服务。
在此，希望大家在领略香山的烂漫枫叶以及古典园林文化之美的同时也给大家带来一份愉快的的心情和美好的回忆。
下面就让我们开始我们今天的游览。
香山在北京市西北郊的西山东麓，这里层峦叠嶂，海拔577米，满山是黄栌树，霜后呈深紫红色。
陈毅诗“西山红叶好，霜重色愈浓”，即指黄栌树叶。
霜降时节，香山方圆数万亩坡地上红艳似火，远观以为它是一片片花瓣，近看才辨清是一片片椭圆的树叶。
香山观赏红叶绝佳处在森玉笏峰小亭，从亭里极目远眺，远山近坡，鲜红、粉红、猩红、桃红，层次分明，似红霞缭绕，情趣盎然，成为北国著名的秋游胜地。
香山山顶有巨石两块，叫乳峰石。
其形酷似“香炉”，周围又常有云雾弥漫，如袅袅升空的香烟，香山由此得名。
香山景色秀丽，名胜遍布，风光旖旎，极富自然野趣。
秋来黄栌换装，漫山红遍，如火如荼，此即“香山红叶”，是燕京八景之一。
香山冬天的景色也很迷人，每当冬雪初晴，一片银妆素裹，分外妖娆，旧燕京八景之一的“西山晴雪”就指这里。
香山寺，在香山公园内蟾蜍峰北。
金大定二十六年(1186年)建，金世宗赐名大永安寺，为香山诸寺之首，“静宜园”二十八景之一。
后遭英法联军和八国联军焚毁，仅存石阶，石坊柱、石屏等遗迹，唯有寺内的“听法松”依然屹立。
香炉峰，俗称鬼见愁。
在香山公园西部。
此峰高峻陡削，攀登不易，在峰顶可饱览香山全景。
近年已建有缆车索道，牵引登山。
双清别墅在香山公园内香山寺下。
这里原有两股清泉，相传金章宗时称梦感泉。
清乾隆在泉旁石崖上题刻“双清”二字。
1917年熊希龄在此修建别墅，并以此为名。
别墅淡雅幽静，山水树石顺其自然。
清泉大聚一池，池边有亭，亭后有屋，屋旁有竹，竹影扶疏，秀丽非凡。
在此春日赏花，酷夏避暑，秋观红叶，寒冬踏雪，四季景色绮丽，称为香山“园中园”。
眼镜湖，在香山公园北门内。
两泓平静的湖水由一座白石拱桥相联，形似眼镜，故此得名。
湖的北侧山石叠嶂，峰峦崛起。
一洞之上，流泉直下，恰似珠帘垂挂的水帘洞。
山花芳草在沟壑石缝和小溪池水旁争奇斗艳，古柏苍松、老槐垂柳交汇成一片清荫。
见心斋在香山公园北门内西侧，毗邻眼镜湖。
建于明嘉靖年间，几经修葺，是座颇具江南风味的庭院。
香山庭院中心是一平圆形水池，清洌的泉水从石雕的龙口中注入，夏来新荷婷立，金鱼嬉戏。
池东、南、北三面回廊环抱，内有一小亭伸入池中。
池西有轩榭三间，即见心斋。
斋后山石嶙峋，松柏交翠。
整个庭院清静幽雅，使人留连忘返。
当年乾隆帝曾在此读书和赐宴臣僚。
香山公园历史悠久，文物古迹众多,早在1186年就出现了人文景观。
香山寺曾为京西寺庙之冠。
香山四季美景不断。
如果把北京西郊比作北京现代化大都市的后花园。
那么,历史悠久的香山公园便以春天山花烂漫,夏日清爽宜人,深秋红叶飘丹,冬林银妆素裹的自然景观,成为北京西郊的绿谷氧吧。
公园内树木繁多,森林覆盖率达96%，仅古树名木就有5800余株，占北京城区的四分之一，公园具有独特的山川、名泉、古树、红叶资源。
香山红叶驰名中外，1986年被评为新北京十六景之一，成为首都秋季最靓丽的一道景观，每到深秋时节，数以万计的中外游客齐聚香山，共赏秋色。
时间过得真快，今天我们的游览已经接近尾声了。
相信大家一定领路到丹枫烂漫锦妆成，要与春花斗眼明的红叶美景。
谢谢大家对我工作的支持。
祝愿以后的每一天都能想今天一样快乐，像这满山红叶一样如火如荼
期待我们下一次再见
