
一、形容词:用来说明或修饰名词、代词的词称为形容词。
1、形容词的句法作用:作句子中名词的定语、句子的表语以及宾语补足语。
2、形容词在句子中的位置:
1)、在句子中的位置以及作用
⑴作定语时放在名词的前面,且音节少的词放在音节多的词之前。如:a big yellow wooden wheel(一个黄色的大木轮)
⑵作表语时放在连系动词之后。如:The price sounds reasonable.(这个价格听起来算是合理)
⑶作宾语补足语时放在宾语之后。如:We must try our best to keep our environment clean.(我们必须尽力保持我们的环境清洁)
⑷后置的情况:
①修饰复合不定代词时放在代词之后。如:Something serious has happened to him.(他发生了严重的事故)
②与表示“长、宽、高、重、老、远离”的词连用时形容词后置。如:He’s 1.8 metres tall.(他身高1.8米。)The moon is about 380,000 kilometres away from the earth.(月球离地38万公里)
2) 、多个形容词修饰同一个名词的顺序:
二、副词
1、副词:用来说明事情发生的时间、地点、原因、方式等含义或说明其它形容词或副词程度的词叫做副词。
2、副词的分类(见下表):
3、副词在句子中的位置以及作用:
(1)作状语
1.时间副词:一般放在句首或句尾,注意,early、late、before、later、yet等一般放在句尾,already、just一般放在动词的前面。如:We will visit the Great Wall tomorrow.(我们明天要去参观长城) / They have already been to the UK twice.(他们去过英王国两次) / Soon the lost boy found his way back home.(不久迷路的孩子找到了回家的路)
2.地点副词:一般放在句尾,但here、there还可放在句首。如:There you can see thousands of bikes running in all directions(方向).(在那里,你可以看到成千上万的自行车朝各个方向流动) / The frightened wolf ran away.(受到惊吓的狼逃开了)/ He walked out quietly and turned back soon.(他悄悄地走了出去,很快又返回)
3.方式副词:一般放在行为动之后,suddenly可以放在句首、句尾或动词之前。如:Old people can hardly walk as quickly as young people.(老年人几乎不可能走得和年轻人一样快) / Suddenly he saw a light in the dark cave(山洞).(突然,在黑黢黢的山洞里,他看见了一丝亮光)
4.程度副词:修饰动词时,放在动词之前;修饰形容词或副词时,放在形容词或副词之前。但注意,enough总是放在被修饰的形容词或动词的后面;only位置比较灵活,总是放在被修饰的词的前面。如:I nearly forgot all about it if he did not tell me again.(如果他不再次告诉我,我几乎把那事全忘了) / It was so strange that I could hardly believe my ears.(它那么奇怪一直我都不能相信我的耳朵) / She got to the station early enough to catch the first bus.(她早早地赶到车站赶上了首班车)
5.频度副词:一般放在be动词之后或者助动词与主要动词之间,但sometimes、often等还可以放在句首或句尾,usually可放在句首,once可放在句尾,twice、three times等一般放在句尾。如:Sometimes I get up early.(我有时起得早)/ The workers usually have lunch at the factory.(工人们通常在厂里吃午饭) / Take this medicine twice a day.(这种药一天吃两次)
6.疑问副词:用于对句子的状语进行提问,位置总是在句首。如:When and where were you born?(你何时何地出生?)/ Why did little Edison sit on some eggs?(小爱迪生为什么要坐在鸡蛋上?)/ How do you do?(你好!)
7.连接副词:用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句,在从句中作状语。How I am going to kill the cat is still a question.(我打算怎样杀死那只猫还是个问题)/ That is why everyone is afraid of the tiger.(那就是人人都害怕老虎的原因) / He wondered how he could do it the next day.(他不知道第二天怎样做那事)
8.关系副词:用来引导定语从句,在从句中作状语。如:This is the place where Mr Zhang once lived.(这就是张先生曾经住过的地方)/ Please tell me the way how you have learned English so well.(请告诉我你的英语是怎样学得这么好的方法)
9.其它副词:too“也”,用在句尾;also放在动词前;either “也不”,放在句尾;nor“也不”,放在句首;so“如此,这样”,放在形容词、副词前;on/off“开/关”放在动词之后;not放在be之后、助动词之后、不定式或动名词之前;maybe/perhaps放在句首;certainly放在句首或动词之前。如:He went to the Palace Museum and I went there,too.(他去了故宫博物院,我也去了) / Maybe your ticket is in your inside pocket.(也许你的票就在你的里边衣袋里) / --Tom doesn’t have a computer. –Nor do I.(汤姆没有计算机,我也没有。)
(2)作表语:
地点副词一般可以作表语,放在be等连系动词之后,说明人物所处的位置。如:I’m very sorry he isn’t in at the moment.(很抱歉,他此刻不在家)/ I have been away from my hometown for nearly 20 years.(我离开家乡有将近20年了) / Jim is over there.(吉姆就在那边)
(3)作定语:
时间副词(如now、then)以及许多地点副词都可以作名词的定语,放在名词的后面。如:People now often have their festival dinners at restaurants.(现在的人们经常在餐馆里吃节日晚宴) / Women there were living a terrible life in the 1920s.(在二十世纪20年代那儿的女人过着可怕的日子)
(4)作宾语补足语:
地点副词一般可以作宾语补足语。如:Put your dirty socks away, Jim! They are giving out bad smell!(吉姆,把你的脏袜子拿开!它们在散发着臭气。) / Father kept him in and doing his lessons.(父亲把他关在家里做作业)
[注意] “动词+副词”的宾语如果是代词,则该副词应该放在代词之后。如:He wrote down the word.(他写下了那个词。)→He wrote it down.(他把它写了下来。)
==形容词变副词的规律
a.一般的形容词在结尾加ly变为副词。例如:careful-carefully
b.以元音加e结尾的单词要去e在加ly。例如:true-truly
c.辅音加y结尾的单词去y变i在加ly。例如:angry-angrily
d.单音节y结尾直接加ly。例如:shy-shyly
e.以le结尾的单词直接将e变为y。例如:terrible-terribly
f.形容词、副词同形:hard, fast, friendly, late, early, lovely, long。这部分请同学们注意,其中很多单词加ly之后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如:hardly就变成“几乎不”的意思,是小学阶段五大隐形否定词(few,little, never, seldom, hardly)之一。
三、形容词副词的原级、比较级和最高级
1、分类:形容词和副词有原级、比较级和最高级三级。
原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。
2、规则变化:
(1)单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级的后面加上er,est构成比较级和最高级。
a)直接加er,est:
b)以重读闭音节结尾的,要双写最后一个辅音字母,后加er,est:
c)以辅音字母+y结尾的,先把y改为i再加上er,est:
(2)两个音节或两个以上的音节的,在原级前加more/most.
3、不规则变化:
4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法:
(1)讲述某人/物自身的情况时,用原级。基本句型是:
主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 + (very/too/so/quite/rather…) + 形容词/副词原级 +….
如:He is very old now.(他现在很老了) / They ran quite fast.(它们跑得相当快) / The weather looks rather bad.(天气看上去相当糟) / I am so happy!(我是如此的快乐)
☆表示两者之间没有差别时,使用句型:
主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词 + as + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物 +….
如:He is as excited as his younger sister.(他和他妹妹一样兴奋)/ Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.(莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢)/ They picked as many apples as the farmers (did).(他们摘的苹果和农民一样多)
☆表示第一个人比不上第二个人时,使用句型:主语(第一个人物) + 谓语动词(否定式) + as / so + 形容词/副词原级 + as + 第二个人物+….
如:He is not so / as excited as his younger sister.(他没他妹妹那么兴奋) / Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady. (莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢) / They didn’t pick so / as many apples as the farmers (did). (他们摘的苹果不如农民多)
(2) 讲述两者有差异,第一个人物超过第二个人物时,用比较级。基本句型:
主语(‘A’)+谓语动词+(much/a little/even/still)+形容词/副词比较级+than+第二个人物(‘B’)+….
如:A modern train is much faster than a car.(现代的火车比轿车快多了) / This book didn’t cost me more than that one.(这本书花费我的钱不比那本多)
讲述两者有差异,第一个人物不及第二个人物时,用比较级。句型是:
主语(‘A’) + 谓语动词 + less+ (多音节形/副)比较级 + than + 第二个人物(‘B’) +….
如:I think English is less difficult than maths.(我认为英语不比数学难)/ Do you think it less important to learn a foreign language?(你认为学外语不那么重要吗?)
(3)讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时,用最高级。句型是:
主语(sb./sth) + 谓语动词 +(the) +形容词/副词最高级 +in / of ….
如:The Changjiang River is the longest in China.(长江是中国最长的河流) / He jumped (the) highest of the three (boys).(三个男生中他跳得最高)
5、关于比较等级的重要注释:
1、如果动词是及物或不及物动词,则后面用副词;如果后面是连系动词,则后面用形容词。如:This car is the fastest of the four.(形容词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的)/ This car runs (the) fastest of the four.(副词)(这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的)
2、“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。如:The weather is getting warmer and warmer.(天越来越温暖了)
3、“the+比较级…,the+比较级…”表示“越…就越…”。如:The more trees we plant,the better it will be.(我们栽的树越多,情况就会越好)/ The harder you try,the greater your progress is.(你越是努力,进步就越大)
4、一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/a little/even/still,而表示数量的more之前还可以加some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot等词。如:It is much colder today than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷多了)/ Would you like some more coffee?(你还要些咖啡吗?)/He did not eat any more.(他没有再吃)
5、more than / less than分别可以理解为“多于/少于”,相当于副词,more than=over; less than=under.如:I lived in New York for more than four months.(我在纽约生活了四个多月)
6、“one of the +最高级+名词(复数)”整个短语为单数含义,谓语要用单数形式。如:One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire.(最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了)
7、“Which / Who+动词+形/副,□,□or□?”句型中,如果有两个选项,形/副用比较级,如果有三个选项,形/副用最高级。如:Who has more books, Lin Tao or Han Mei?(林涛和韩梅谁的书最多?)/ Which is the heaviest,a pig,a horse or an elephant?(猪、马、象哪个最重?)
8、上下文中含有both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时,用比较级,而且往往还要加the;含有all/none/no one/ every 等表示三个或三个以上事物时,用最高级。如: --Do you like the smaller one?—Neither.(小一点的那个你喜欢吗?一个都不喜欢)/ --Which do you like best? –All of them!(你最喜欢哪个?全部。)
参考例句:
I don't read that tripe.
我才不看那种无聊的东西呢.
He sat there idly turning the pages of a book.
他无聊地坐在那儿翻着书.
Andy and Ruby were tiring.
安迪和露比都是无聊的人。
The most abject sentimentality drips from every page
每一页里都散发出最无聊的多愁善感。
Vera observed her guests'expressions glazing over with boredom at the insipidity of the conversation.
维拉注意到,客人们由于对无聊的谈话感到厌烦,流露出没精打采的神情。
the sexist,locker - room jive of men boasting and bonding(Trip Gabriel)
一伙夸夸其谈的男人们在更衣室无聊的性事漫谈(特里普·加布里埃尔)
Nice BlackBerry
无聊朋友
How Boring!
真无聊!
A dull play [story, talk]
无聊的戏
Boring!
真无聊!
nonsense是什么意思:
n. 胡说;废话;愚蠢的行为;胡闹
int. 胡说;荒唐
adj. 无意义的;荒谬的
nonsense syllables; a nonsensical jumble of words.
无意义的音节;一堆无意义的杂乱的词语。
Nonsense, errant nonsense, as ever was talked!
废话,彻头彻尾的史无前例的废话!
Life is impenetrable, ridiculous and nonsense.
生命是不可理喻的,荒谬的,毫无意义的。
We'll have no nonsense of that sort.
我们不能允许那种荒唐的事。
Nonsensical,incoherent,or meaningless talk.
胡言乱语信口胡说、不连贯或无意义的谈话
bored是什么意思:
adj. 无聊的,无趣的,烦人的,厌倦的,烦闷的
bore passengers
使旅客厌烦
She bore his children.
她怀了他的孩子。
The coin bore an image of the president.
这枚硬币上有总统的肖像。
A repeat of a television program is boring.
电视节目的重播是很乏味的。
Life in the country bores me.
乡村生活令我生厌。
1丹尼尔自学了怎样制作一个主页 Daniel taught himself_____________
2她长成了一只年轻健康的大熊猫,重35千克
She grew into a healthy young giant panda and ______________
3我认为你需要多注意你的习惯。 I think you________________ your habits.
4提高他的嗓音以引起我的注意.
He_________________________ he could get my attention.
5她与一个叫皮埃尔、居里的法国人结了婚。
She____________________________ Pierre Curie there.
6她是一个善良的人,从不轻视穷人。 She is a kind person _______________the poor.
7当你犹豫不决时,红色能帮你拿定主意。
8没有你的帮助,我无法解出这道题目。 The problem can’t _________________your help.
9我们镇上没有人知道这台机器人他买了多久。 No one in our town knows _________________ the robot.
10年轻人应该常向别人学习,而不是卖弄。
11事故发生后,她很担心她的儿子,不断地打电话给她朋友。
12.Carmen远离甜的食品。
Carmen stays away from food that___________________
13.徐菲更喜欢能表演安静、轻柔歌曲的组合。
Xu Fei__________groups________play quiet and gentle music.
14据报道, 蔬菜有益健康。
_______________vegetables are good for health.
15我喜欢我可以随着一起唱的音乐。
I like music that I can sing_____________
16你的话让我想起了我的狗的死。
What you said made________________my dog’s death.
17.学习英语让我对英语电影有了更好地理解。
Learning English lets me________________________. English movies
18.孩子们尝试这些游乐设施很兴奋。
The chilren ______________________try the rides.
19.这会帮助你更好地与别人交流。
This will help you ________________________other people.
20.她开始唱歌来克服害羞。
She took up singing ____________her shyness.(deal)
21.我们不得不谨慎地说或做。
We have to__________________what we say or do.
22.前天他缺课了。
He____________________classes the day before yesrerday.
23.它们被视为幸福和美好祝愿的光明的象征。
They ________________bright symbols of happiness and good wishes.
24.你所说的似乎有道理。
What you said seemed __________________(point).
25我们不反对跑步。
We _______________________running.(against)
26.一定有某个东西在拜访我们的小区。
__________________________visting our neighborhood
27.我更喜欢那种给我一些思考的电影。
I prefer movies that give me something _______________.
28.他坚持写作有十多年了。
He has ______________________for over ten years.
29当我见朋友时我努力做到准时。 I______________________be on time.(make) 30总是不厌其烦地待客
She always ________________make the guests feel at home(go).
31在说起法语很自信。
I _________________________French now.(comfortable)
32量多与他说说话,这样他就不会感到被忽略。 Try to talk with him ,then he won’t________________.(feel)
33多人想要取代他的位置。
Many people want ______________________.(take)
34总是担心被别人跟随。
She is always worried about __________________others.(follow)
35peter盯着地上,他担心他的教练会将他开除。
Pete___________(keep)on the playgroung and he was worried that his coach would___________________.(kick)
36的微笑让他为身处一个成功的团队而感到幸运。
His smile made him ____________________to know that he was on a winning team.
37多愚人节的玩笑结局可能并不有意思。
Many April Fool’s jokes may _______________not very funny.
38了减少空气污染,我们应该乘公共汽车或地铁而不是开小汽车。___________________________air pollution ,we should take the bus or subway _______________driving.
39们请政府出台法律来阻止鲨鱼鳍的贩卖。
They have asked the governments _______________________stop the sale of shark fins.(develop)
40些人认为拯救地球要做大事。
Some people think that big things can _________________save the earth.
41些东西能够被加以好好利用。These things can ____________________________________.
篇二:英语完成句子
①结构正确、用给定的英语单词完整表达所给的汉语信息,给满分; ②未用给定单词不给分; ③结构不正确不给分; ④结构正确,信息完整,但有一个或一个以上拼写错误扣0.5分; ⑤结构正确,信息有遗漏扣0.5分; ⑥结构正确,添加无关信息扣0.5分。
主要考试范围
1. 时态:一般英语基本时态在初中、高中课本中都已出现。复习备考时重点应放在几个容易出错的时态上,如:一般现在时(最容易出错是第三人称单数作主语时,动词需加-s)、现在完成时、现在进行时、过去完成时和现在完成进行时。判断时态时一定要根据语句中相关的时间词语和上下文中的一些线索。
2. 非谓语动词:是仅次于时态的一个必考的语法项目。非谓语动词包括“-ing形式,动词不定式和分词(包括现在分词和过去分词)”三种形式。“主动-ing;被动过去分词;将要做的事动词不定式”,是我经常要求学生记住的话。此句前面的主动、被动和将要做的事是指动词与之相应名词的关系,后面讲的是应该填的形式。但这只能说明大多数情况下,不能概括全部。
3. 被动语态:在谓语动词和非谓语动词考题中有很多题都涉及到被动语态。但许多学生在做题时比较容易忽略被动语态,因为汉语里的被动语态在汉语句子中常可不提。请大家做题时需要特别注意这样两种情况:一是物做主语,二是及物动词或短语后缺宾语。这时要多考虑被动语态。因为物一般不会自己发出动作,及物动词后缺宾语的情况就很可能是宾语被提到前面做主语了,这两种情况下用被动语态的可能性很大。当然,这也不是绝对的。
4. 从句:分为定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句(包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)。做从句题时一定要注意选对正确的连词和正确的时态。一般情况下从句都要有连词,部分情况下连词可省略。选时态时一定要参照主句的时态。
5. 情态动词:根据近三年的考点来看,复习重点可放在“情态动词 + have done“ 结构和虚拟语气上。“情态动词 + have done“结构表对过去事情的推测。如: must have done(表肯定推测) ;could/may/might have done (表“可能”);
can’t/couldn’t have done(表“不可能”或“肯定不”)。虚拟语气有should/ought to have done (本应该做却没做); shouldn’t/ought not to have (本不应该做却做了);
could/might have done (本可以做却没做); would have done (本要去做却没做);needn’t have done (本没必要做却做了)和suggest(ion),order,command,require等动词或名词后跟宾语从句或同位语从句,表语从句,主语从句等,后接”主语+(should)+动词“的结构。
6. It的用法:it在英语中是一个非常活跃的词汇,它可以涉及到好几个英语语法项目。其中有:⑴.强调句型: it is /was…that/who…。⑵. It做形式主语:It is no use/good/worthwhile doing ,It takes sb…to do… ,It occurred to me that等。⑶. it做形式宾语: make it clear that…,make it possible for sb to do等。⑷. 固定搭配: It is (high) time that…did/should do…,It is/was the first time
that…have/had done…,It won’t be long before….等。
7. 倒装句: 现将倒装句的几种情况归纳如下:⑴.表否定意义的词或短语置句首时。如:never, seldom, little, not,“介词+no+名词“短语等。⑵. So/such…that…
句型中so/such置句首时,主句主谓要倒装。⑶. only+状语置句首时。⑷.
So/nor/neither+助动词+主语 ,表“······也(不)”。⑸. As引导让步状语从句的倒装。⑹. If引导的条件状语从句if省略时的倒装。
8.几种常考结构:⑴. 表示倍数的用法:倍数(twice/three times)+ as + 形容词原级/+ 形容词比较级 + than/+ the + 名词 + of + 比较对象。⑵. 形容词比较级的两个固定结构:The + 比较级 + 句子,the + 比较级 + 句子,the + 比较级 + of the two。⑶. “of +(greet)+名词=形容词”的结构。⑷. with+宾语+宾补(doing/to do /done/介词/副词/形容词/名词等)的结构。⑸. can’t … too …。再?也不过分。⑹. 动词 + 人 + 介词(in /on /by) + the + 部位。
二.要注意的几个问题:
1、要确定语法考点。此题型的主要目的是考查考生对语法的掌握和运用程度。所以大家做题时,首先要考虑该题是考什么语法项目。一旦语法出错,此题就无分可言。待确定语法考点后再来思考词汇和语境。建议大家在复习备考时,多做一些考语法结构和词汇结合的题,而不应该做一些纯考词汇的题,以便加强高考题型的针对性训练。
2、要分析语法分布。每套题的设计肯定会尽量涉及到高中阶段要求掌握的各项语法知识。考生做题时,要牢记高中阶段要求掌握的各项语法知识,学会分析该套试题语法考点的分布。这样可帮助选对语法考点,提高正确率。
3、要确保动词正确。在语法中,动词是非常重要的组成部分,所以要特别注意动词的运用。填动词时首先要判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。如果是谓语动词就要认真考虑应该用什么时态,也包括语态;如果是非谓语动词,就要认真考虑用什么样的形式,动词不定式,-ing形式,还是过去分词,有时也要考虑非谓语动词的时态和语态。
4、要注重翻译技巧。英语句子在一定的语境中有它固定的结构,千万不要用汉语乱来套,要根据英语的特点和注意翻译技巧,如:在做疑问句,宾语从句和感叹句时要注意疑问语序和陈述语序问题;再需注意一些特殊的英语结构的翻译。这些结构前面讲了常用的一部分。在学习英语过程中还有许多,这些结构都需特别记牢。
5、要看清试题要求。题干上明确要求“用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子”。如果不用所给的词,尽管你的句子结构和意思都是正确的,但你的答案是不能得分的。因为你没有按要求做题。
一、命题特点
“完成句子”是新颖的高考题型,考察的是对语法结构的掌握,在湖北省高考英语卷中已有五年历史。纵观五年的考题,不难发现以下特点:
1、语法覆盖面广、粗略统计已涉及了20 多种语法现象及固定句型,如there be句型、it occurred to sb. that等;
2、重点语法反复呈现,如:10年71题和2011年71题考点为倒装、10年 72题与11年74题考点为分词短语作状语、非谓语动词历年都有2-3题、定语从句、倒装、虚拟、形容词比较级、情态动词加现在完成时等连续几年都有涉及到;
3、一道题目中不只考察一种语法,多种语法现象交织在一起;
4、语境控制、答案精确客观、字数限制在五个单词以内;
5、紧密联系教材,许多题目在教材上能找到对应的雏形,如winning the scholarship、might have had a hand in等;
6、对句子成分的分析是做好题目的关键,如2011第80题, _____ (比较这两把牙刷) and you’ll find the purple one is softer. (compare),特别是分隔现象的使用;
7、常见词汇的写法如:(scholarship,toothbrush)及不规则动词的写法必须掌握。
二、症结诊断
笔者通过对平时学生训练的观察和完成句子试题分析,发现考生失分的主要原因在于以下几个方面:
1、句子结构知识掌握不牢,容易受英汉表达思维差异的影响。如, 写作中通常出现类似这样的句子:There were a lot of students took part in the tree planting activity. We are very glad that our teacher is going to teach us swim.
2、 惯用句型识别不清,如:It cost me. 很多考生审题不能将汉语提示和英语部分结合考虑, 也没有考虑到cost的主语不能是人,其过去时和过去分词均为cost, 所以才出现I cost, I costed等错误。惯用句型是完成句子的热点之一,考生学习中要注意分析和掌握常用句型。3、复合宾语结构混淆,特别是使役动词have、make, let, leave等; 此外还有感官动词see, watch, notice?+ sb / sth + do /doing的用法和区别都是高考完成句子的重中之重。
4、语态表达差异牵制,题目中有意识的不提“被”字, 考生要注意判断。有时汉语不提“被”字,不等于英语不使用被动;相反汉语习惯用被动时,英语却习惯不用被动。
5、语序表达习惯冲突,语序习惯不同是历来高考的焦点之一。考生尤其要注意英语中与汉语思维相冲突的表达方式。
6、语气表达形式影响,英语中(虚拟)语气形式与汉语不一样,是通过动词的不同形式表示的。如情态动词表示过去的推测,虚拟条件句的动词形式,表示建议、命令、要求等的动词后面的动词形式都是有差别的。
7、比较对象偷换缺失,有时汉语省略的东西,英语却不能;而英语省略的东西,汉语往往不省略,考生需要提防此类错误。
通过对历年高考完成句子试题分析以及对考生失分的主要原因的诊断,笔者将完成句子中所涉及的重点、难点、热点语法现象归纳如下:
三、考点归纳
I.动词的时态和语态 (NMET2011湖北卷77题)
1.动词时态语态往往与其它语法融合在一起
The news ___________________________(房价将要下跌)has caused many people to sell their houses at lower price.(fall)
This is the only one of the regions __________(遭受攻击)by the earthquake last year.(attack)
2. Already、just、yet、never、lately、recently、in/during/over+ the last/past+时间、since 、up to now、so far、for+一段时间、in recent years等表示现在完成时的时间状语;by+过去时间、by the time+过去时间、before+过去时间、by the end of +过去时间等表示过去完成时的时间状语;by+将来时间表示将来完成时的句子。
We Chinese do take pride in ______________(我们取得的成就)in the last ten years.(achieve) Mother wanted to be a good provider ,a role _______________________(她一直肩负着)since her marriage to father.(shoulder)
By the time the police conclude the investigation, the truth of the murder
______________________(会水落石出)(light)
______________________________(有巨大的增长)in the number of tele-workers in recent years and by 2100 it will have risen to 85%.(growth)
3.经常考查现在进行时的被动语态 现在进行时表示一种赞扬或评的感情色彩,现在进行时表示将来时用于一些位移发生改变的词语;经常考查过去进行时以及被动语态;将来进行时表示在将来的某个时刻正要发生的动作,如at this time tomorrow、this time next week。
Has Li Lei finished his work?
I have no idea, but he ___________________(做实验)when I saw him this morning.(conduct) This time tomorrow,we_________(在听)a lecture by a visiting professor from aboard.(listen)
4.For+一段时间若表示的在过去发生的动作,和现在没有联系时只能用过去时。
You speak good French!
Thanks. I_____________(学过法语)in Sichuan University for four years.(study)
5. 时间、条件状语从句中通常用现在时表示将来时;祈使句加and、or再加上将来时的句子。
If the building project to be completed by the end of this month ____________(推迟),the construction company will be fined.(delay)
___________(产生问题)if you don’t know enough about the mountain you are climbing.(arise)
6.主动形式表示被动意义
系动词look、feel、sound、smell、taste、seem、appear、go、prove、turn(颜色、数字、零冠词的名词)+形容词或者名词;表示主语的某种属性的词:read、write、act、cut、draw、drive、sell、wash、clean、wear/open、cook、lock、shut等。The door won’t lock. This coat dries easily. The plan worked out wonderfully. The engine won’t start. The pen writes smoothly.
A product__________________________(会更畅销)if promoted with a slogan.
答案:that house price will fall down; that was attacked; what we have achieved; she has been shouldering; will have come to light; there has been a huge growth; was conducting an experiment; will be listening to ; studied; is delayed; Problems will arise; will sell better.
II.非谓语动词(NMET2011湖北卷72、73、74题)
1.过去分词做状语是一般位于句首,而且该动词和句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系;某些过去分词已经被形容词化了,往往用于系表结构中,既不表示被动也不表示完成只表示一种状态。如:lost 、seated、 absorbed、dressed in、tired of(厌倦)、hidden(躲)等,不管做什么成分都不用ing形式。
_______________________(专心读书),he didn’t notice me enter the room.(absorb)
2.现在分词作状语时,该动词和句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。Doing表示一般性动作或者正在进行的动作;having done则表示发生在谓语动作之前的动作,通常有表示完成的时间状语,Not 必须放在V-ing之前。
Dina, __________________(奔波)for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.(struggle)
When ____________________________(比较不同的文化),we often pay attention to the differences without noticing the many similarities.(compare)
______________________________(没有完全康复)from the operation,the patient was advised to stay in hospital for other two weeks.(recover)
篇三:英语完成句子
完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
69.别总呆在屋里,该出去玩玩了。
Don't always stay inside. It is time to go out and play.
70.天一放晴我们就到公园拍照。
We'll take photos in the parkas soon as the sky clears.
71.你可以停止做你不喜欢做的事情,去做喜欢的事情。
You can stop doing what you dislike, and do what you like.
72.父母总是告诉我在和别人交往的时候要守信。
My parents always tell me to keep my word to when I get on with others.
73.面对困难,我们既不要屈服,也不要逃避。
Facing difficulties, we should neither give in nor get away
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 快点! 该上课了。
Hurry up! It time for class.
70. 今天早晨, Alex上学迟到了。
Alex was late for school this morning.
71. 那座山看上去像一只骆驼
The mountain over there look likes a camel.
72. 如果你在一个陌生的城市迷路了,最好向警察求助。
You’d better ask policeman for help when you get lost in an unfamiliar city.
73. 为了和同学相处融洽, 我们有自信很重要。
It is important for us to haveconfidence so that we can get on well with our classmates.
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 六点了,该回家了。
It’s six o’clock. It time to go home.
70. — 你愿意和我一起去野餐吗?
— 当然了。
Would you like to go for a picnic with me?
— Yes, of course.
71. 我姐姐经常帮着妈妈做饭。
My sister often help my mother cooking.
72. 学习语言时不要害怕犯错误。
Don’t be afraid making mistakes in learning a language.
73. 直到我同意帮助玛丽照顾她的小狗,她才挂断了电话。
Mary didn’t hang up until I agreed to look after her dog.
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 咱们在艺术节演一场短剧吧。
Let’s put on a short play at Art Festival.
70. 快点,该吃午饭了。
Hurry up! It time to have lunch.
71. 抱歉我把你的书丢了。
I’m sorry for losing your book.
72. 我确信只要你尽最大努力就一定能成功。
I’m sure you will be successful as long as you do your best.
73. 别强迫我做任何事!我只有想做才能做好。
Don’t make me do anything! I can only do something well when I want to.
石景山
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 为什么不和我一起参加那个游泳俱乐部呢?
Why not join the swimming club with me?
70. 该放暑假了,你有什么打算?
It time for summer vacation. What’s your plan?
71. 雾霾天里很难看清路标。
It’s difficult to see the road sign clearly in such smog-weary weather.
72. 沿着这条路往前走,直到第二个路口再右拐。
Walk along this road. Don’t turn right until you get to the second crossing.
73. 请你告诉Tom在任何情况下都不要放弃梦想,好吗?
Could you please tell Tom not to give up his dream in any situation?
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 天很好。去放风筝怎么样?
It’s a good day. How about going to fly kites?
70. 我们下午一起去踢球吧。
Let’s go to play football together this afternoon.
71.这周末你愿意和我一起去参加晚会吗?
would you like to go to the party with me this weekend?
72. 你每天花多长时间听英语?
How long do you spend listening to English every day?
73. Bill非常风趣,许多学生喜欢和他交朋友。
Bill is so interesting that a lot of students like mike friend with him.
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 英文书籍和英语歌曲我都喜欢。
I like both English books and English songs. 70. 他差不多和他父亲一样高了。
He is almost as tall as his father.
71. 昨天雨停了他才回家。
He didn’t go home until the rain stopped yesterday.
72. 在生活中与别人和谐相处很重要。
It is important to get on well with others in our daily life.
73. 污染越来越严重,中国政府下定决心解决这个问题。
Since pollution is getting more and more serious, Chinese government
Makes up it mind to deal with the problem.
九、完成句子。(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。将答案部分写在答题卡相应题号后的横线上。
69. 要提高英语水平,你最好多读书。
To improve your English, you had better do more reading.
70. 小时候,北京的天常常是蓝色的。
The sky used to be blue in Beijing when we were young.
71. 我们相信中国梦一定会在不远的将来实现。
We are sure the Chinese dream will come true in the near future.
72. 消防员们尽了最大努力确保所有人安全。
The firefighters try their best to keep everyone safe.
73. 请告诉孩子们,每天吃早饭对他们很重要。
Please tell the children it is important to have breakfast every day.
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
69. 博物馆很近,为什么不走着去呢?
The museum is near. Why not go there on foot?
70. 今天空气污染严重,你们最好还是呆在家里吧。
Air pollution is terrible today. You had better stay at home.
71. 王伟和赵阳是好朋友。他们喜欢踢足球。
Wang Wei and Zhao Yang are good friends. They like playing football.
72. 北京以悠久的历史和名胜古迹而闻名。
Beijing is famous for its long history and places of great interest.
73. 那段时间妈妈很辛苦,她花了很多时间来照顾我。
Mum was very busy those days. She spent a lot of time to take care of me.
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 你今晚来我家帮我学数学好吗?
Will you please come to my house and help me with my maths?
70. 听到这个好消息,我激动得不能入睡。
I was too excited to sleep when I heard the good news.
71. 北京以许多旅游胜地而闻名。
Beijing is famous for many places of interest in the world.
72. 你最好交卷前再检查一下。
You had better check again before you hand in your test papers.
73. 保护环境是我们的责任。
It is our duty to protect our environment.
完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 现在是户外活动时间。
It is time to do outdoor activities now.
70. 在学校,我们既学汉语又学英语。
At school, we learn both Chinese and English.
71. 爱玛在考试前花了两周的时间复习功课。
Emma spent two weeks reviewing her lessons before the test.
72. 他后天一到这儿就会给我打电话。
He will ring me up as soon as the day after tomorrow.
73. 汤姆在图书馆里专心看书,他根本没听到我喊他。
Tom was so concentrated on his book in the library that he didn’t hear me
Shout at him at all
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思及英文提示完成句子。
69. 雾霾天你最好待在家里。
You had better stay at home in haze.
70. 夏天来了,天越来越热了。
Summer is coming, and the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.
71. 哈格尔对参访辽宁舰表示满意。
Hagel was pleased with visit aboard the aircraft carrier Liaoning.
72. 李先生刚一听说MH370失联的噩耗就感到非常难过。
Mr. Li felt very sad as soon as he heard the bad news about MH370.
73. 这地方车太多了,想找个停车位太难。
There are so many cars here that it is quite parking our car.
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 来吧,汤姆,该做运动了。
Come on, Tom. It time to do sports.
70. 别担心,我一到上海就给你打电话。
Don’t worry. I’ll call you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
71. 小明不但喜欢英语,而且喜欢数学。
Xiaoming likes not only English but also Maths.
72. 托尼非常友好,他和身边每个人相处得都很融洽。
Tony is so friendly that he gets on well with everybody around him.
73. 请你把东西收拾起来好吗?我们应该使教室保持干净。
Could you please put away your things? We should keep our classroom clean.
九、完成句子(共10分,每小题2分)
根据中文意思完成句子。
69. 我喜欢这本书,你呢?
I like this book. How about you?
70. 快点,该上音乐课了。
Hurry up. It time for music lesson.
71. 同学们正在忙着打扫教室。
The students are busy cleaning the classroom.
72. 汤姆经常帮我学习英语。
Tom often help me with my English.
73. 如果你借了别人的钱,最好尽快还。
If you borrow money from others, you had better pay it back as soon as possible.



