1、单个形容词:
单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词前。前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。
a clever boy 一个聪明的男孩 my own book 我自己的书
2、形容词词组:
词组或形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语等补足成分时,形容词必须置于名词后。
It is a problem difficult to work out。这是一道难以解决的问题。
He is a boy deserving of sympathy。 他是个值得同情的男孩。
3、some-, any-, no-构成的'合成词:修饰不定代词时,形容词后置。
I would like something cheaper。 我想要便宜一点的东西。
4、用 and 或 or 连接起来的两个形容词:一般放在名词后。
All people, young or old, should obey the law。 所有的人,无论老少,都应该守法。
5、有些形容词:置于名词之前与之后,含义不同。
the writer present 出席的作者 the person responsible 负责的人
the present writer 现在的作者 a responsible person 可信赖的人
6、只能后置的形容词:
有些形容词与某些名词搭配时,可前可后,但与另外一些名词搭配时,只能有一个位置。
the involved/ concerned/ interested party
= the party involved/ concerned/ interested
但只能说 the people involved/ concerned/ interested
7、同一层次的形容词:位于名词前,逗号隔开,较长词最后。
It was a rainy, windy, freezing day。
8、不同层次形容词:位于名词前,词序一般为:限观形龄颜国材
限——限定词,包括:冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、数词等。
观——表示观点的描绘性形容词,如beautiful,interesting等。
形——大小、长短、高低及形状,如:small,tall等。
龄——年龄、新、旧,如old,young等。
颜——颜色,如white,black等。
国——国籍、地区、出处,如English,American等。
材——材料,如:stone,plastic等。
二、一般上说,形容词的位置是紧贴在被修饰的名词前面;不然的话,就跟在接系动词(linking verb)后面充当补足语(complement)。例如:
① Sam is an industrious professional designer.
② What is it that bulky box? May I know?
③ Homeless cats are seen wandering about the field.
④ David looks cheerful everyday.
⑤ Janet is being nasty today.
⑥ The sky suddenly turned dark.
①-③里的形容词修饰它们后头的名词;④-⑥里的形容词是补足语。
三、形容词作定语一般要放在名词前面,但当形容词修饰不定代词something,nothing,anything时要放在所修饰的不定代词之后。如:something important,nothing serious。
当形容词带有表示度量的词或词组作定语或表语时,定语或表语要后置。如:
We have dug a hole two meters deep.
The hole is about two metres deep.
四、单个形容词:
单个形容词修饰名词时,一般要放在名词前。前面常常带有冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词、数词等。a clever boy 一个聪明的男孩 my own book 我自己的书
五、形容词词组:
词组或形容词后面有介词短语或不定式短语等补足成分时,形容词必须置于名词后。
It is a problem difficult to work out。这是一道难以解决的问题。
He is a boy deserving of sympathy。 他是个值得同情的男孩。
(一)形容词被其他词语修饰时,便要跟在所修饰的名词后面,如:
This hole←large←enough for a dog to pass through must be blocked up.
Don't throw away that filing cabinet←big←enough to keep all the old documents.
(二)两个意思相反的形容词并用时,也是要跟在被修饰的名词后面,如:
We should be fair to all people, big and small, young and old.
(三)形容词修饰“anything, something, nothing, everything”等代名词时,也要在后头出现,如:There is nothing funny about it.
Something important has been found.
(四)在某些固定的词语中,形容词在名词后头出现,如:
Military offenders will be sued in the court-martial. (军事法庭)
The sum total (总数) of his teaching experience is two years as a relief teacher in a secondary school.
Since time immemorial (太古时代), human beings have fought for survival.
(五)在某些口语中,形容词也跟在被修饰的名词之后,如:
On Sunday last (上星期日);16. On Monday next (下星期一);17. Volume one (第一卷);18. Chaper two (第二章); 19. Page three (第三页)。
(六)有时,为了加强句子语气,形容词可以放在句首,如:
Brave he may be, but he is not a good soldier.
Old though Jane is, she is healthy and energetic.
(七)当定语是"形容词+介词+名词"时,要放在名词的后面
He gave me a box full of books. 他给了我一个盛满书的箱子。
(八)两个意义相反的形容词中间用and或or连接作定语时,常放在名词的后面。
All the people on this island, young or old, are all fond of music.
这个岛上的人,不论年轻的还是年老的都喜欢音乐。
E away, long, wide, high, deep, old等词附有数词短语说明时,要后置。
The river is 20 meters wide. 这条河二十米宽。