窗边的小豆豆课件1
教学目标：
1、学生能读懂书中的故事，并能通过书中的语言文字感知其人物形象。
2、学生能初步掌握课外阅读的方法，并达到一定的文字积累。
3、培养学生对文本阅读的兴趣，并能正确地表达自己对书中人物的感情。
教学过程：
一、谈话引入，营造氛围
1、谈话引入：同学们，现在的校园生活你喜欢吗？有哪些让你觉得快乐的事？请你说一说，让我们共同分享分享。
2、再次引导：同学们，你想象过这世界上会有这样一所学校吗？两棵小树长成的活的门，几辆电车就是教室，更奇特的是你想上什么课就上什么课，下午还可以去公园散步呢！
看看，好多同学都瞪大了眼睛，一定是觉得很不可思议吧？告诉你们，这所学校叫“巴学园”。让我们赶紧来认识认识吧。（出示书本）
二、初读文本，了解书本
1、出示书本，请生仔细观察该书的封面与封底。
出示封面、封底的句子：
每个人都能在这本书里找到自己阳光灿烂的童年。
她就是小豆豆，黒柳彻子，一个因淘气，一年级就被退学的孩子。
她是亚洲唯一一位联合国儿童基金会亲善大使，足迹遍及地球的每一个角落。
2、介绍作者：
同学们，你们知道吗？在一本好书的背后一定是一个伟大的作家。这本书的作者是日本的黑柳彻子，黑柳彻子被美国《纽约时报》、《时代周刊》誉为日本最伟大的女性。该书的英文版仅日本国内销量就达70多万册，至今无人超越。
3、介绍人物：
同学们，老师还想告诉你们：
小豆豆是《窗边的小豆豆》中的主人公，在巴学园里小豆豆是一个性格开朗、喜欢和同伴一起玩的孩子，在她的身上有着很多值得我们学习的东西下面就让我们到这所特别的“巴学园”里去和那个叫小豆豆的女孩子做个朋友吧！
三、精读片段，指导方法
1、《窗边的小豆豆》 这本书是由一个个小故事串联起来的，你最喜欢的是哪一个故事？为什么喜欢？（屏幕出示书的目录）
请学生与同桌讨论并汇报交流。
2、指名学生汇报，教师相机总结：每一个小故事的题目都概括了这个故事的主要内容，这样的题目我们通常称作“题眼”，其意思是指它直接点明了主题。所以，我们要读懂其中的某一个故事可以从题目入手。（相机板书）
3、欣赏片段，学生自主阅读：
同学们，老师给你们准备了一个精彩片段。请你们先读一读。（出示“第一次来车站”的片段）
思考：（1）文中的小豆豆想做哪些事情？
（2）小豆豆为什么要做检票员？
（3）可是妈妈说她原来想当间谍，你猜猜她有为什么想当间谍？
随机出示相关句子：
“我长大了呢，要做一个卖车票的人！”
“不过，你不是说要做间谍的吗？这怎么办好呢？”
“哎——本来是个间谍，但装成售票员的间谍，怎么样？”
4、小豆豆的想法多有趣呀!你们现在最想做什么事情？为什么？
5、阅读了这个精彩片段后，小豆豆给你留下了什么印象？你最想对小豆豆说些什么？
6、小结阅读指导方法：
（1）读封底和封面。
（2）可以联想、想象。
（3）读标点符号，读文字背后的文字。
（4）学别人的好做法；获得力量。
（5）遇到不明白或不懂的，不着急，也许往下读，你就会知道答案了。
（6）摘录喜欢的词句。
四、激发兴趣，延伸阅读
师概括主要内容：《窗边的小豆豆》这本书讲述的其实是作者上小学时的一段真实的故事。作者因为淘气被学校退学后，来到巴学园。在小林校长的爱护和引导下，让一般人眼里“怪怪”的小豆豆逐渐成了一个大家都能接受的孩子，后来还成为了一名出色的节目主持人和演员。
同学们，要想知道更多小豆豆的趣事，就到这本书中去寻觅吧。希望大家都去和小豆豆交朋友，和她一起分享彼此的喜怒哀乐。
五、板书：
窗边的小豆豆
小豆豆： 淘气 被退学——巴学园读书——主持人、演员
窗边的小豆豆课件2
【教学目标】
1、通过阅读这本书，感受小豆豆天真无邪、纯真善良的性格特征，感受小林校长对教育事业的热爱和对孩子的爱心。
2 、凭借对几个主要的人物和故事的交流汇报，品评人物形象，进一步品位词句的美。
3、能够从自身的阅读体验谈出自己的感受，并用自己喜欢的方式展现自己的理解。并初步学习自主阅读的方法。
4、学生能够在阅读、交流、参与中发现阅读的魅力，体验阅读的快乐，有阅读的兴趣，并能达到一定的文字积累。
【教学重点】
1、师生交流阅读感受，加深对作品的理解。
2、感受故事中的人文魅力，体悟故事对生命的诠释。
【教学难点】交流读书感受，积累学习方法。
【教学准备】
1、教师准备：PPT 相关音乐 一本书《窗边的小豆豆》
2、学生准备：书《窗边的小豆豆》
【教学过程】
课前三分钟的积累读书名言
一、游戏导入，介绍书名和作者。
1、我们一起来玩个游戏，好吗？
我们一起合作完成一幅画，你们读儿歌，我来画。
谁也玩过这个游戏？（巴学园里的孩子）巴学园里的孩子就是来自于我们今天要交流的书。（出示封面。《窗边的小豆豆》）
2、爱读书，会读书的孩子一定能从封面上读到很多知识。说说看，你从封面上知道了什么？
（作者、画者、译者）
3、介绍作者。
你们看，这就是黑柳彻子。她可是一位了不起的女作家。（出示作者头像）请一生介绍：黑柳彻子，日本著名作家、著名电视节目主持人、联合国儿童基金会亲善代表大使。
让我们一起来看一看位作家的写作风格吧（出示课件：黑柳彻子的作品风格的介绍文字）请同学们齐读。
从内容上看，对于弱势生命的同情与尊重，在平凡的、微不足道的细节中发现和感悟人生的本质与真理，从形式上看，细节描写的运用，语言的细腻，独特的视角，是作者的作品感动。
透过黑柳彻子笔下这些也有欢欣、也有伤感的记忆的碎屑，我们每个人或许也能找到自己的成长与思索的踪影，并且从中感到一些“深藏的力量”和获得一些人生的启示：如何去爱这个世界，如何去建立起自己对于世界和人生的信念，如何去发现那些小小的真理——无论多么小的钻石，都会闪光。而所有这些，也是她小时候就在想的事。小时候就在想的事，长大了还在想。
指导：同学们，读新书之前，先细致地了解作者，就能把握阅读的方向。（板书：走近作者）
4、封底。
读书就要像这样，读封面，读正文，最后别忘了读封底，这样才完整。
（设计意图：
兴趣是最好的老师，通过游戏引出书名，作者，学生一下子就被吸引过来，为下文的导读做铺垫。。）
二、介绍推荐理由
《窗边的小豆豆》一经出版就引起了巨大反响，这反响有多大了，看：（请学生轮流读）
她的代表作《窗边的小豆豆》1981年出版之后，不仅在日本，在全球都引起了极大的反响，截至2001年，日文版累计销量达938万册，成为日本历史上销量最大的一本书。
1984年，联合国的官员在读完英文版的《窗边的小豆豆》后，认为“这个人这么了解孩子的心理，再也没有比她更合适的人选了”，因此任命她为联合国儿童基金会亲善大使，是继著名国际影星奥黛莉?赫本之后第7位、亚洲历史上第一位亲善大使。
《窗边的小豆豆》被评为“世纪最有价值图书”
日本有史以来图书销量排行第1名
美国、中国、日本、英国等40国中小学生与教师“最喜欢图书”
（设计意图：此环节的介绍在于进一步吸引学生，让学生充分对书产生极大的好奇心，有读下去的强烈欲望。）
三、走进书中
1、速读精彩章节《新学校》
在书中，有一所不起眼的学校，却令所有的孩子为之向往，它叫做什么？（巴学园）。你们喜欢这所学校吗？为什么？（学生自由回答）
它和其他学校不一样，不一样在什么地方？现在，就让我们和小豆豆一起走进这所新学校，来品品发生在二战结束前的东京的真实故事。（板书：品故事）
读后交流：
（1）作者笔下的巴学园是什么样子的？你能用文中语句来回答吗？
（2）树做门，电车做教室，还有那简单自然又略带诗意的校名，太与众不同了，这样的学校你喜欢吗？最喜欢什么？
2、赏读精彩章节《海的味道，山的味道》
(1)导语：小豆豆和你们一样，对这里喜欢的不得了。后来，她慢慢发现，这所学校让人喜欢的地方简直太多了，就像天上的星星，数都数不清。 “海的味道，山的味道”就是其中之一。这到底是什么呢？同学们来猜一猜。
(2)学生阅读选文。
(3)自由交流：
A、什么是海的味道，山的味道？用文中语句回答。
B、小林校长给你留下了什么印象?结合书中语言概括。
C、读了这章节之后，你还有哪些体会和感受？
3、品读精彩人物。 我们几乎喜欢书中的每一个故事，我们也喜欢故事中的许多人物。让我们带着温馨的回忆，再来品一品书中的人物。相信同学们会有新的收获。（板书：品人物）
（1）老师把他们请来了！你能根据提示猜猜他们是谁吗？（出示课件）
他患有小儿麻痹症，走路身体一摇一晃，后来他死了。（泰明）
他是班里最大最胖的男孩，他抓过小豆豆的小辫子，后来被校长先生教训要“尊重女孩子”。（大荣君）
他是从大阪来的，腿非常短，而且像蟹足那样弯曲着，永远就这么高，不会再长了。（高桥君）
（2）书中最重要的人物是小豆豆和小林校长，你能根据自己的读书感受说说他们给你留下了怎样的印象呢？
小豆豆是一个（ ）的孩子
纯真可爱，天真善良，勇敢无比，淘气，调皮
交流小豆豆
1、喜欢小豆豆的`同学说说看，你为什么喜欢小豆豆？（学生交流）
2、老师也喜欢小豆豆，因为我读了《大冒险》这一章，你还记得这一章吗？。
出示段落：
在礼堂露营后的第三天，终于迎来了小豆豆大冒险的日子，这一天，小豆豆和泰明有个约定，这对爸爸妈妈以及泰明的家里人都是保密的。那么，这个约定到底是什么呢？
3、小豆豆为什么要帮助泰明爬上自己的树？
4、小豆豆知道没有树的泰明很想爬上树看看高处的风景，小豆豆是怎么帮助泰明爬上自己的树的？出示段落：
但是泰明的手和脚都没有力气，一个人怎么也登不上梯子的第一级。于是小豆豆又飞快地转身下了梯子，从后面托着泰明的臀部，使劲地把他往梯子上推。
小豆豆是怎么帮助泰明的？一边做做动作，一边读。
5、小豆豆应该是用尽了自己全身的力气，她成功了吗？
出示段落：
泰明把脚从梯子上挪下来，默默地站在梯子前，低下了头。
泰 明为什么默默站在那儿，低下了头？
6、看到悲伤难过的泰明，小豆豆放弃了吗？
“怎么办呢？”
但是，无论怎么做，一定要实现泰明的心愿，让他爬上自己的树。小豆豆转到泰明跟前，鼓起腮帮子，对悲伤起来的泰明做了一个鬼脸，快活地说：
“等一下，啊，我有好办法了！”
小豆豆是怎么做的？为什么做鬼脸？
小豆豆真是个贴心的好孩子！他终于帮助泰明实现了愿望，爬上了树，看到了远处的风景。
7、读了刚刚这一段，你觉得小豆豆除了调皮、天真之外，她还是怎样的孩子？
总结：你们说得都不错，我们遇到自己喜欢的段落啊，就要像刚刚一样读读，想想。问问，这就是——精读。（板书：精读）
小林先生是一位（ ）的校长
和蔼可亲，宽容，有爱心，有耐心，尊重孩子，热爱教育，热爱孩子们
交流小林校长
1、说完了小豆豆，我们来说说另一个主人公——小林校长。喜欢小林校长的举手。你为什么喜欢小林校长？
2、我也喜欢小林校长，因为他创建了与众不同的巴学园。说说看这是一所怎样与众不同的学校呢？（板书：与众不同）
总结：巴学园真是孩子们的乐园，真让我们羡慕。
3、巴学园是一所真实存在的小学，可它最后的命运是什么呢？请同学们打开书，P243，再读读《再见，再见》，用铅笔画一画你感受深刻的句子，可以大声读一读。
4、巴学园最后的命运是怎样的？其实关于这本书的背景在书的开头就交代了。
一起读。
5、战争爆发了，（炮声），巴学园起火了。出示段落。（配乐读）
凝结着校长先生梦想的巴学园，被熊熊的火焰包围着。先生无比热爱着的孩子们的笑声、歌声消失了，代之以催人心肺的恐怖声响，整个学校毁于一旦。大火把学校几乎夷为平地，再也无法修缮。在自由之丘，也到处火舌蹿动，浓烟弥漫。
那时候，校长先生站在大路上，静静地看着巴学园在燃烧。
此时，你觉得校长先生的心情是怎样的？会想些什么呢？
6、读了整本书，你觉得小林校长是一位怎样的校长？
8、你们喜欢小林校长吗？（喜欢）
和你们一样，小豆豆黑柳彻子更喜欢小林校长，在这本书的开头，她写了这样一句话。（出示：谨将本书献给已逝的小林宗作老师）你理解这句话的含义吗？
小林校长已经去世了，但小林校长的爱深深地影响着小豆豆的一生，她写下了这本书纪念小林校长，也是纪念在战火中消失的巴学园，更是纪念那段快乐的时光。
小结：是的同学们，你们读懂了小豆豆，也读懂了小林校长，你们是他们的知音，同样的，小豆豆也一生感激小林先生，因为校长先生常常对她说：“你真是个好孩子。”让淘气的小豆豆非常感动、难忘。所以，在这本书的扉页中，作者这样写道：谨将此书献给已逝的小林宗作先生。深情齐读。
（设计意图：通过对精彩情节，精彩人物的品析，理解和讨论，了解豆豆的性格特征和小林校长优秀品质，引起学生共鸣，进而激发孩子对整本书的阅读兴趣。）
四、阅读感受，表达喜爱。
1、同学们都很喜欢读这本书，那我们回过头来，再来看看封面，好多同学读着读着这本书，他一直在想一个问题：这本书为什么取名为《窗边的小豆豆》吗？
一是小豆豆小的时候喜欢站在教室的窗户旁边和来来往往的宣传艺人打招呼；二是在原先的学校她不被老师、学生认同，如同是站在窗边的人。（好在后来她遇到了改变她一生命运的小林校长）。
3、如果现在你能够和书中的人物说话，你最想对谁说什么？
引导学生说出自己的感受，可以从多个不同角度去说。
世界上最可怕的事情，莫过于有眼睛却发现不了美，有耳朵却不会欣赏音乐，有心灵却无法理解什么是真。
不要把孩子们束缚在老师的计划中，要让他们到大自然中去。孩子们的梦想，要比老师的计划大得多。
如果自己向后退缩，就会被人推着向前，自己必须采取积极主动的态度才行。
“无论什么样的身体，都是美丽的。”
无论哪个孩子，当他出世的时候，都具有优良的品质。在他成长的过程中，会受到很多影响，有来自周围环境的影响，也有来自成年人的影响，这些优良的品质可能会受到损害。所以，我们要早早地发现这些”优良的品质“，并让它们发扬光大，把孩子们培养成富有个性的人。
五、指导读书方法
1、今天我们一起选读了其中的几个故事，在以下的日子，你准备怎样读这本书呢？
（学生谈自己的阅读计划）
2、老师的提示（出示幻灯片）：
（1）用心阅读，有计划地坚持每天读一部分；
（2）重视积累，及时摘抄精彩的语句，写下阅读的心得。
（设计意图：在学生阅读前做一个学习方法的总结，可以使学生更好的进行阅读，效果也会更好！）
六、拓展阅读
其它的黑柳彻子作品：《小时候就在想的事》
板书：
走近作者
了解主要内容
窗边的小豆豆 赏读精彩片断
品读精彩人物
指导读书方法
20xx年英美文学试题
20xx年英美文学试题
PART ONE (40 POINTS)
I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)
Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your choice on the answer sheet.
1.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（ ）.
A. humanism B. realism C. naturalism D. skepticism
2.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except（ ）.
A. Hamlet and King Lear B. Antony and Cleopatra and Macbeth
C. Julius Caesar and Othello D. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream
3.The statement “Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”opens one of well-known essays by
A. Francis Bacon B. Samuel Johnson C. Alexander Pope D. Jonathan Swift
4.In Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent（ ）touch in his description of the simple though primitive rural life.
A. nostalgic B. humorous C. romantic D. ironic
5.Backbite, Sneerwell, and Lady Teazle are characters in the play The School for Scandal by（ ）.
A. Christopher Marlowe B. Ben Jonson C. Richard Brinsley Sheridan D. George Bernard Shaw
6.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a“（ ）in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
A. tragic epic B. comic epic C. romance D. lyric epic
7.In his poem “Tyger, Tyger,”William Blake expresses his perception of the“fearful symmetry”of the big cat. The phrase“fearful symmetry”suggests（ ）.
A. the tiger’s two eyes which are dazzlingly bright and symmetrically set B. the poet’s fear of the predator
C. the analogy of the hammer and the anvil D. the harmony of the two opposite aspects of God’s creation
8.“What is his name?”
“Bingley.”
“Is he married or single?”
“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”
The above dialogue must be taken from（ ）.
A. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice B. Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights
C. John Galsworthy’s The Forsyte Saga D. George Eliot’s Middlemarch
9.The short story“Araby”is one of the stories in James Joyce’s collection（ ）.
A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man B. Ulysses C. Finnegans Wake D. Dubliners
10.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following except（ ）.
A. the using of everyday language spoken by the common people
B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
C. the humble and rustic life as subject matter
D. elegant wording and inflated figures of speech
11.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice:“Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.”What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?
（ ） A. Simile. B. Metonymy. C. Pun. D. Synecdoche.
12.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”is an epigrammatic line by（ ）.
A. J. Keats B. W. Blake C. W. Wordsworth D. P. B. Shelley
13.The poems such as“The Chimney Sweeper”are found in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by
A. William Wordsworth B. William Blake C. John Keats D. Lord Gordon Byron
14.John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress is often regarded as a typical example of（ ）.
A. allegory B. romance C. epic in prose D. fable
15.Alexander Pope strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by（ ）rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.
A. classical B. romantic C. sentimental D. allegorical
16.In his essay“Of Studies,”Bacon said:“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and（ ）.”
A. skimmed B. perfected C. imitated D. digested
17.“For I have known them all already, known them all—/Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,/I have measured out my life with coffee spoons.”The above lines are taken from（ ）.
A. Wordsworth’s “The Solitary Reaper” B. Eliot’s“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
C. Coleridge’s“Kubla Khan” D. Yeats’s“The Lake Isle of Innisfree”
18.(The)（ ）was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.
A. Romanticism B. Humanism
C. Enlightenment D. Sentimentalism 19.A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of（ ）, who never pays any attention to human feelings.
A. morality B. justice C. property D. humor
20.The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the （ ）.
A. bitter satire B. larger-than-life caricature C. Latinized diction D. dramatic monologue
21.George Bernard Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a grotesquely realistic exposure of the（ ）.
A. slum landlordism B. political corruption in England
C. economic oppression of women D. religious corruption in England
22.The story starting with the marriage of Paul’s parents Walter Morel and Mrs. Morel must be
A. Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles B. D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers
C. George Eliot’s Middlemarch D. Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre
23.In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is（ ）. A. Washington Irving B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Walt Whitman
24.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision.”The term“black vision”refers to
A. Hawthorne’s observation that every man faces a black wall
B. Hawthorne’s belief that all men are by nature evil
C. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his story
D. that Puritans of Hawthorne’s time usually wore black clothes
25.Theodore Dreiser was once criticized for his（ ）in style, but as a true artist his strength just lies in that his style is very serious and well calculated to achieve the thematic ends he sought.
A. crudeness B. elegance C. conciseness D. subtlety
26.“He is the last of the romantic heroes, whose energy and sense of commitment take him in search of his personal Grail; his failure magnifies to a great extent the end of the American Dream.”The character referred to in the passage is most likely the protagonist of（ ）.
A. Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby B. Dreiser’s An American Tragedy
C. Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls D. Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
27.Almost all Faulkner’s heroes turned out to be tragic because（ ）.
A. all enjoyed living in the declining American South B. none of them was conditioned by the civilization and social institutions C. most of them were prisoners of the past D. none were successful in their attempt to explain the inexplicable
28.Yank, the protagonist of Eugene O’Neill’s play The Hairy Ape, talked to the gorilla and set it free because
A. he was mad, mistaking a beast for a human
B. he was told by the white young lady that he was like a beast and he wanted to see how closely he resembled the gorilla C. he was caged with the gorilla after he insulted an aristocratic stroller
D. he could feel the kinship only with the beast
29.In（ ）, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.
A. “After Apple-Picking” B. “The Road Not Taken” C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”
D. “Fire and Ice”
30.Though Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson were romantic poets in theme and technique, they differ from each other in a variety of ways. For one thing, whereas Whitman likes to keep his eye on human society at large, Dickinson often addresses such issues as（ ）, immortality, religion, love and nature.
A. progress B. freedom C. beauty D. death
31.The Romantic Writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the（ ）in the American literary history. A. individual feeling B. survival of the fittest C. strong imagination D. return to nature
32.Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be（ ）.
A. transcendentalists B. optimists C. pessimists D. idealists
33.With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,（ ）became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.
A. Sentimentalism B. Romanticism C. Realism D. Naturalism
34.American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a)“（ ）,”devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization.
A. Lost Generation B. Beat Generation C. Sons of Liberty D. Angry Young Men
35.In（ ）, Washington Irving agrees with the protagonist on his preference of the past to the present, and of a dream-like world to the real world.
A. “Young Goodman Brown” B.“Rip Van Winkle” C. “Rappaccini’s Daughter” D.“Bartleby, the Scrivener”
36.Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely characters in（ ）.
A. The House of the Seven Gables B. The Scarlet Letter C. The Portrait of a Lady D. The Pioneers
37.Like Nathaniel Hawthorne,（ ）also manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through symbolism and allegory in his narratives.
A. Mark Twain B. Henry James C. R. W. Emerson D. Herman Melville
38.In his realistic fiction, Henry James’s primary concern is to present the（ ）.
A. inner life of human beings B. American Civil War and its effects
C. life on the Mississippi River D. Calvinistic view of original sin
39.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Mark Twain’s writing style?（ ）
A. Simple vernacular. B. Local color.
C. Lengthy psychological analyses. D. Richness of irony and humor.
40.Which of the following statements about E. Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story“A Rose for Emily,”is NOT true?（ ）
A. She has a distorted personality. B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed.
C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South. D. She is the victim of the past glory.
PART TWO (60 POINTS)
Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
41.“Words are like leaves; and where they most abound,
Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found”
Questions:
A. Identify the poem and the poet. B. What idea do the two lines express?
42.“To be so distinguished, is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.”
Questions:
A. Identify the work and the author. B. What is the tone of author?
43.“‘Faith! Faith!’cried the husband. ‘Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.’”
Questions:
A. Identify the work and the author. B. What idea does the quoted sentence express?
44.“We passed the School, where Children strove
At Recess—in the Ring—
We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain—
We passed the Setting Sun—”
Questions: A. Identify the poem and the poet.
B. What do“the School,” “the Fields”and“the Setting Sun”stand for respectively?
Ⅲ. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)
Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
45.As a rule, and allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. List two works as examples of allegory. What is the implied meaning an allegory is usually concerned with?
46.“Let it not be supposed by the enemies of‘the system,’that during the period of his solitary incarceration, Oliver was denied the benefit of exercise, the pleasure of society, or the advantages of religious consolation.”
What do you think Charles Dickens intends to say in the above ironic statement taken from Oliver Twist?
47.Whitman has made radical changes in the form of poetry by choosing free verse as his medium of expression. What are the characteristics of Whitman’s free verse?
48.Some of Hemingway’s heroes are regarded as the Hemingway code heroes. Whatever the differences in experience and age, they all have something in common which Hemingway values. What are the characteristics of the Hemingway code hero?
Ⅳ. Topics for Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
49.Elizabeth Bennet, the heroine in Pride and Prejudice, is often regarded as the most successful character created by Jane Austen. Make a brief comment on Elizabeth’s character.
50.Take Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example to illustrate the statement that Mark Twain was a unique writer in American literature.
温馨小贴士：正确对待考研英语
快考研了，对于英语作文的复习，大家比较常用的方法就是背模板，来听听一些阅卷老师的看法：
一、作文模板要背,但不要背太多。关键是要准!老师是人,当然知道大家都是模板,不会因为这个难为大家。模板不是错,也没有歧视,但你连摸版都背不准,都背错,那就是你的不对了.我发现很多同学上下句不连贯,但都很优美,可见是拼接的,按本人经验,模版一个就可以对付大多数,问题是你要会用,而不是背一堆,又不准,同时还自己拼,那怎么能行?
二、考场上除非万不得已不要抄上面卷面上的句子。本人第一天连续发现4张卷子句子相同。上报组长,雷同卷,差点按0分处理,后来还好又发现类似卷子,原来都是从翻译抄下来的,0分终于避免了,但8分以下是跑不了了,欺骗老师啊~~~~
三、要有发光点,注意你是在考研,你让老师看到的是important,there be,那就等着8分左右吧,好象中国学生最会的句子就是there be,一片there be,更郁闷的是,有人还把时态弄错了,那完了,祈祷吧！用词,要对的起研究生(Q吧) 考试的水平啊,你就不能换点高级的词吗?
四、最重要的是每段开头.我算了一下,每份卷子,快的老师5秒,我差不多要10多秒。而且还要写两个名字,你觉得我能看到什么?首句!我们肯定不会乱改,但你要是在首句被我们看见低级词、低级句子、低级错误,那完了,这就决定你最终分数,就算你后面写的再好,也完了，前面是定性的,后面是定量的记得我的话!!!
五、多用难句,难词。要让我在枯燥的工作中惊艳,而且在5秒内,你就只有让我觉得,你很牛啊,从句子看出来,同时注意,不要写错！
六、一定要检查!特别是普通用法,要是普通用法错误,直接降一等,难的用法错了也就算了。你连there be都错,那能怪老师吗?我给的2个高分被组长打回原形,就是因为有低级错误!不要出错!
七、字体优美!强烈建议练练字,能写斜体的就很好，至少多3分,不能写的,字写明白,否则,损失的不止3分。
八、从07年北京地区改卷来看,分数比较多的是在,7,8左右,要按文章要求写,文章第一段多是描绘,注意上下句衔接,同时要有铺垫,不要上来第一个词就是confidence,太突兀了,看了有点晕。
九、作文不用花太多时间,但不花时间绝对不行,还是我说的,三个方面
1:背熟一个模版并运用好
2:不出错误
3:让老师惊艳的词句,就差不多了。
十、小作文没改,不知道,不过似乎他们看的速度比我们快的多,为你们祈祷~~呵呵。
十一、补充,套话还是要学的。背一点,最后可以筹字数起码,用的好的话也是个闪光点。
十二、好象没什么了,记住相信老师,北京地区分数低,不是老师随意压分,是我们严格执行标准,你们能做的,是提高水平!
十句对你不客气的英语口语
10句对你不客气的英语口语
1. Just wait and see. I won't let you get away with that.
咱们走着瞧。我不会让你得逞的。
2. You'll be sorry.
你会后悔的。
3. You're gonna get what's coming to you.
你会得到报应的。
4. If you're looking for a fight, you don't have to look far.
如果你想找人打架的话，不用找太远。
5. Watch your mouth. Do you know who you're talking to?
说话客气一点。你知道你在跟谁说话吗？
6. I'll get even with you sooner or later.
跟你的这笔账我迟早会要回来的。
7. Listen, you've picked the wrong person to quarrel with.
听着，你找错吵架的对象了。
8. You'd better take that back.
你最好收回那句话。
9. You want to take it outside? Anytime!
你想到外头解决(干架)吗？随時奉陪！
10. Don't mess with me! / Don't get fresh with me!
不要惹我！/ 给我放尊重一点！
英美文学作家作品
■ 英国部分
古英语Old English 450-1066 中世纪英语(文学) Medieval English 1066 - middle 14th century 乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer - the father of English poetry 文艺复兴(含义)The Renaissance - rebirth or revival 人文主义Humanism - the essence of the Renaissance, the dignity of human being & the importance of the present life 1.斯宾塞Edmund Spenser - the poets' poet 2.马洛Christopher Marlowe - University Wits, the pioneer of English drama Blank verse无韵诗体, hyperbole夸张 浮士德博士的悲剧 3.莎士比亚William Shakespeare - above all writers in the past and in the present time 四大悲剧Four tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear & Macbeth 十四行诗第18首 《威尼斯商人》 《哈姆雷特》 4.培根Francis Bacon - brevity, compactness(简洁) & powerfulness, his essays is an important landmark in the development of English prose Inductive method 归纳法 in place of deductive method 演绎法 《论学习》 5.邓恩John Donne 玄学诗派metaphysical poetry - break away from love poetry, a seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences and attitudes, and a free range of feelings and moods Conceits, syllogism 三段论 《日出》 《致死神》 6.弥尔顿John Milton 《失乐园》 《复乐园》 《力士参孙》 新古典主义Neoclassicism - a revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion抑制情感 & accuracy 怯懦 启蒙思想(运动) Enlightenment - a progressive intellectual movement, reason (rationality), equality & science 哥特式小说Gothic novel - mystery, horror & castles 神秘、恐怖 7.班扬John Bunyan (“浮华集市”) 8..蒲伯Alexander Pope 《论批评》 “words are like leaves; and where they most abound. Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found. ”what idea do the two lines express? On fruit trees, where leaves are plentiful, fruit will be few. Similarly, in a piece of writing, where too many fine words are used, good sense will be reduced. 9. 笛福Daniel Defoe - the first writer study of the lower-class people《罗宾汉》 10.斯威夫待Jonathan Swift - a master satirist讽刺作家. In his opinion, human nature is seriously and permanently永存的 flawed有瑕疵的 Proper words in proper places 《温和的建议》 《格列佛游记》 11.菲尔丁Henry Fielding –英语小说之父 Father of English novel, Prose Homer Comic epic in prose 《汤姆?琼斯》 12.约翰逊Samuel Johnson - first combine an English dictionary, last neoclassicist enlightener 《英文字典》 致切斯特菲尔德勋爵的信 13. 谢里丹Richard Brinsley Sheridan - the only important English dramatist of the 18th century 《?情敌》 14.格雷Thomas Gray The Graveyard(墓地) School《写在教堂墓地的挽歌》 ?浪漫传奇Romantic - emotion over reason, spontaneous emotion, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of 人文主义精神the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace The romantic period began with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge's 浪漫主义时期 The Romantic Period 15.布莱克William Blake -engraver雕刻家 《扫烟囱的人》 16.华兹华斯William Wordsworth - the leading figure of the English romantic poetry, simple, spontaneous自发的, worshipper of nature' Lake Poets' - William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge & Robert Southey骚赛 He defines the poet as a 'man speaking to men', and poetry as 'the spontaneous overflow洋溢 of powerful feelings, which originates in 'emotion recollected沉思默想的 in tranquillity安静'. “我孤独地游荡，就象一朵云” 《威斯敏斯特桥上,1802年9月3日》 《她居住在人迹罕至的地方》 《孤独的割麦女》 17.柯勒律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge - supernatural, remote Poet can be divided into two groups - the demonic (supernatural) & the conversational(对话的) The demonic group includes 3 masterpieces –《古舟子咏》(又,《老水手之行》) 18.拜伦George Gordon Byron 拜伦式英雄'Byronic hero' is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin贵族血统, against tyrannical残暴的 rules or moral principles. Such a hero appears first in《恰尔德?哈罗德游记》 19.雪莱Percy Bysshe Shelley Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus unbound, Is a verse drama. which borrows the basic story from a Greek play. 英国人民之歌 《西风颂》 20.济慈John Keats 4 great odes – 忧郁颂 21.简奥斯汀Jane Austen 《傲慢与偏见》 维多利亚时期 The Victorian Period 达尔文《物种起源》Darwin's 功利主义Utilitarianism was widely accepted and practiced Critical realists were all concerned about the fate of the common people 22.狄更斯Charles Dickens - one of the greatest critical realist writers批判现实主义作家 of the Victorian Age维多利亚时代 Character-portrayal描写 is the most distinguishing feature特点 of his works A mingling混合 of humor and pathos 悲伤,惆怅 《双城记》 23.勃朗蒂姐妹The Bront? Sisters - Charlotte, Emily & Anne Bront?, a rather reserved and simple girl, was very much a child of nature. 《简?爱》 24.丁尼生Alfred Tennyson - invents dramatic monologue, Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人, a real artist 拍吧, 拍吧, 拍吧 《过沙洲》 ”尤利西斯” 25.布朗宁Robert Browning - the most original poet, who improve and mature the dramatic monologue 《指环与书》 我逝去的公爵夫人 26.乔治?艾略特George Eliot: As a 女性作家woman of exceptional 特有的intelligence and life experience, she shows a particular concern for the destiny of women 《米尔德马契》 27.哈代Thomas Hardy - both a 自然主义naturalistic and a critical realist writer 地方乡土色彩Local-colored, Wessex, 'novels of character and environment' 《德勃家的苔斯》 ?夜里的相会 现代主义 The Modern Period 28.萧伯纳George Bernard Shaw- 1884 join the Fabian Society, strongly against the credo信条 of “art for art’s sake”, vehemently 激烈condemned the “well made” but cheap, hollow plays. He wrote more than 50 plays. Mission of his drama was to reveal the moral, political and economic truth from a radical reformist point of view. 《鳏夫的房产》 29.高尔斯华绥 John Galsworthy- was born into a upper-middle-class上层(富裕的)中产阶级 family. 《银盒》 第一个三步曲Trilogy--《福赛特世家》 第二个三步曲second Forsyte trilogy:《现代喜剧》 第三个三步曲 30.叶芝 William Butler Yeats was born into an Anglo-Irish Protestant family in Dublin. organized the Irish National Dramatic Socirty and opened the Abbey Theatre. a moderate nationalist. build a mystical system of beliefs(history, life followed a circular spiral螺旋 pattern consisting of long cycles which repeatd themselves over and over on different levels). 象征symbol : “winding stairs旋梯”, “spinning tops陀螺”, “gyres旋转”, “spirals” long poetic career, 3 period 《茵尼斯弗利岛》 《丽达及天鹅》 31. T. S.艾略特 T. S. Eliot 《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》 《四个四重奏》 32.劳伦斯 D. H. Lawrence 《儿子和情人》 33.乔伊斯 James Joyce 《都柏林人》 ■ 美国部分 Started with Washington Irving's called 'the American Renaissance'Free expression of emotion, escapes from society, and return to nature New England Transcendentalism 先验主义/超验主义 1.欧文Washington Irving - father of the American short stories, the American Goldsmith Perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced First novel 2.爱默生Ralph Waldo Emerson - the spokesman of New England Transcendentalism movement 3.霍桑Nathaniel Hawthorne Interior of the heart, there is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life, but circumstances may rouse it to activity 4.惠特曼Walt Whitman Openness, freedom, individualism I - me, my nation (society), Free verse, Envelope structure, Catalogue (Listing) A new ideal, a new world, a new life-style 5.麦尔维尔Herman Melville - a master of allegory and symbolism, like Hawthorne Realistic period - the Gilded Age, the poor poorer and the rich richer, people's attention was now directed to the interesting features of everyday existence Local colorism, social Darwinism, bestiality, beyon man's control 6.马克?土温Mark Twain - the true father of American literature Local colorist, vernacular, simple sentence, 'the damned human race' The Gilded Age 3 boyhood books 7.亨利詹姆斯Henry James - international theme, psychological realistStream of consciousness, interior monologue, free association 8.迪金森Emily Dickinson Based on her own experiences, her sorrows and joys 9.西奥多?德莱塞Theodore Dreiser - America's literary naturalists Case history including everything Determinism (heredity biological & environment), survival of the fittest, the jungle law Trilogy of Desire - The modern period - the second American Renaissance, the expatriate movement, the Lost Generation, a transformation from order to disorder Seize the day, enjoy the present, spiritual wasteland, collective unconscious, psychoanalysis Imagist movement, Jazz Age 10.庞德Ezra Pound - a leading spokesman of the 'Imagist Movement' 11.弗洛斯特Robert Lee Frost - four times awarded Pulitzer Prize, pastoral life and scene
