It is the duty of every citizen to make the country rich and powerful (To make the country rich and strong is...).
使国家富强是每个公民的责任（要使国家富强是……）。
In order to accomplish this object one must be patriotic (love his country).
为了达到此目的，必须爱国。
I consider this an unchangeable truth.
我认为这是一条不易的'定理。
How can a student love his country (be patriotic)? I find my answer very simple and clear.
一个学生如何才能爱国呢？我发觉答复很简单明了。
He must study hard and store up knowledge so as to serve his (the) country in the future.
他必须用功读书并积储知识以便将来服务国家。
If every student can do according to what I said, the country will certainly be rich and powerful.
如果每个学生能按照我所说的去做，国家一定会富强。
描写国庆节的好词
国庆，国旗，国徽，国歌，国宾，国宴，祖国， 热闹，礼花，烟花，烟火，富饶
举国上下，普天同庆，火树银花，五彩缤纷，花团锦簇， 欢天喜地，张灯结彩，欢聚一堂，安居乐业，
普天同庆，喜气洋洋，四海升腾，车水马龙，庄严肃穆，红旗招展，彩旗如林，成群结队，经济发展，
盛况空前，仪式隆重，盛情邀请，兴高采烈， 笑脸洋溢， 锣鼓喧天， 载歌载舞，高高兴兴，共同庆贺
神州飞扬，壮丽山河，举杯共饮，歌声嘹亮， 气宇不凡， 欢声笑语， 国富民强，欢蹦乱跳，欢欢喜喜，
欢欣鼓舞，歌功颂德，歌唱祖国，祖国统一， 国防力量， 国徽闪闪， 国家主权，庆祝生日，富丽堂皇，
富民政策、富富有余，举国欢腾，祝福祖国， 团结合作， 团结互助， 团结一致，团团圆圆，心情愉悦，
快乐幸福，和谐幸福，和平统一，和平友好，
灯高挂，十一长假，南来北往，
客流高峰，纷纷出游，流光异彩，歌声飞扬，
活提高，国泰民安，欣欣向荣，
天高云淡，歌舞升平，欢聚一堂，欢天喜地，
月，欢庆的锣鼓，
和颜悦色，上下一致， 彩大地沸腾，充实富足， 生全国齐欢乐，黄金周，旅游
描写国庆节的好句子
1、国庆节来的时候正是秋天，秋高气爽，景色宜人，温度适宜，寒风未来，草木未凋。
2、在国庆节联欢会上，歌如潮，花似海，人头攒动，彩旗飘舞。
3、神州大地繁花似锦，祖国长空乐曲如潮。
4、我们可以用鲜花来庆贺你的生日。我们可以用心灵来歌唱你的伟大。但我更愿用一片赤子之情来建设你--祖国母亲!
5、国庆节的夜晚，天安门广场上火树银花，瑰丽夺目。
6、烟火在夜空中飞迸呼啸，奔腾，节日的夜空绚丽多彩，艳丽耀眼。
7、每一个国庆节，都是国人感知自我归属，表达自我情怀的日子。
8、每年的国庆节前后，到处都张灯结彩，洋溢在一片欢乐之中。
9、又是个金秋的十月，又是个装满收获的季节。在经历走过来的数次磨砺后，祖国以其坚强不屈的脊梁高高屹立在世界的东方。我们自豪，我们骄傲，我们为有一个坚强的祖国而歌唱。
10、国庆节来的时候正是秋天，秋高气爽，景色宜人，温度适宜，寒风未来，草木未凋。
11、在国庆节联欢会上，歌如潮，花似海，人头攒动，彩旗飘舞。
12、又是个金秋的十月，又是个装满收获的季节。在经历走过来的数次磨砺后，祖国以其坚强不屈的脊梁高高屹立在世界的东方。我们自豪，我们骄傲，我们为有一个坚强的祖国而歌唱。
13、神州大地繁花似锦，祖国长空乐曲如潮。
14、我们可以用鲜花来庆贺你的生日。我们可以用心灵来歌唱你的伟大。但我更愿用一片赤子之情来建设你--祖国母亲！
15、国庆节的夜晚，天安门广场上火树银花，瑰丽夺目。
16、烟火在夜空中飞迸呼啸，奔腾，节日的夜空绚丽多彩，艳丽耀眼。
17、每一个国庆节，都是国人感知自我归属，表达自我情怀的日子。
18、每年的国庆节前后，到处都张灯结彩，洋溢在一片欢乐之中。
19、国庆节来的时候正是秋天，秋高气爽，景色宜人，温度适宜，寒风未来，草木未凋。
20、在国庆节联欢会上，歌如潮，花似海，人头攒动，彩旗飘舞。
21、每年的国庆节前后，到处都张灯结彩，洋溢在一片欢乐之中。
22、每一个国庆节，都是国人感知自我归属，表达自我情怀的日子。
23、神州大地繁花似锦，祖国长空乐曲如潮。
24、我们可以用鲜花来庆贺你的生日。我们可以用心灵来歌唱你的伟大。但我更愿用一片赤子之情来建设你--祖国母亲！
25、国庆节的夜晚，天安门广场上火树银花，瑰丽夺目。
26、烟火在夜空中飞迸呼啸，奔腾，节日的夜空绚丽多彩，艳丽耀眼。
27、中国的天真蓝。宇宙中，中国第一枚人造卫星“东方红”的痕迹，弥留至今。它象征着中国最重要的一跳，中国航天历史上的一个里程碑。月球上，有了国旗。那是血的红，是13亿中国人的心。红旗在宇宙中飘扬，是那么鲜艳，那么令人自豪。嫦娥一号相继飞入太空，嫦娥二号即将飞入苍茫的太空。我们渴望探索求知宇宙，我们想看得更远。
28、置身历史，我们溶于其中，分享着那过去的兴奋与悲痛；放眼未来，我们会发现，面前的道路更遥远更艰难。
29、中国，文明古国。四大发明屹立不倒，儒家思想传颂至今，诗词歌赋，更是曾出不穷。那些从小翻看的东西深深烙印于心，把我和祖国深深联系在一起。
30、我们国家从建国到现在一直在不断进步，不断上升，升到了一个万人瞩目的高度，虽然没有惊涛骇浪，但有一种排山倒海的气势在起伏，有一种雷霆万钧的力量在激荡！
31、祖国的历史悠久绵长，就像黄河、长江，历经千年风雨，千回百转，一往无前。回望亘古绵延的历史长河，亿万次锤炼的民族精神就像珠穆朗玛峰一样傲然挺立，气冲霄汉。
32、祖国您不卑不亢不躁不惊，以坦荡豁达和深邃、闲静，正迈向新世纪的黎明，祖国我们歌唱您
接班人，是祖国未来的开创者。我们理想远大，意志坚定，我们要心系祖国，用热血和汗水报效伟大的祖国！今天，在全国人民举杯共庆建国六十周年的日子里，让我们一起欢呼，一起歌唱，歌唱我们亲爱的祖国，歌唱我们幸福的生活，让飘扬的五星红旗见证我们的健康成长
33、祖国母亲哺育着我们长大，给我们鼻子，眼睛，耳朵。这些虽然是很普通的东西但是只要它们组合在一起就变成了我们。我们是什么？我们是天山上一朵朵盛开的.雪莲花，我们是草原上的一只只展翅高飞的雄鹰，我们是黄土高坡上的一朵朵山丹丹，我们更是神州大地上的希望。我们就是中华少年。
34、中国的进步和发展奔腾向前，浩浩荡荡，势不可挡。中国人民以自己的聪明才智和卓越创造力为人类文明作出了不可抹灭的贡献。我们坚信，勤劳勇敢智慧的中国人民，在全面建设小康社会这一前无古人的伟大实践中，一定能够万众一心，奋发图强，勇往直前的朝着宠伟目标阔步迈进，光荣完成时代赋予的崇高使命，把我国早日建设成为富强民主文明的社会主义现代化国家。
35、这历史凝聚了宏伟，尽情地涂染了十月的阳光，这气势慷慨激昂，筑起了一座丰碑屹立于世界的东方。辉煌的纪元，用苍劲的大手，抒写了新中国灿烂的篇章。
36、祖国母亲，你经历了茫茫五千年，悠久的历史滋润着我们二十一世纪的青少年。你的快速发展让全世界看到了你的强大。你的锦秀山川使我们自豪。
37、我是中国人，心永远和中国在一起。记得看过一篇美国报道，一名华侨获奖将会致怎样的感谢词？华侨简单回答：“我只会说一句英语”I'M CHINESE“我是中国人，我将用中文继续回答。”当时在场的美国记者愣住了，中国记者起立鼓掌。这位华侨虽置身海外，但始终不忘祖国，终不忘我是中国人。
38、我们青春焕发，热血沸腾，摆脱幼稚走向成熟，不再藏到父母宽大的羽翼下避风躲雨，而是如那高傲的海燕渴望暴风雨，敢于拼搏，敢于承担重任，为了祖国的繁荣，民族的兴旺，今天我们有激情点燃希望之火，用青春汗水浇灌成功之花，勤奋学习，努力求实，培养高尚的道德情操，掌握丰富的知识，增强创新意识，时刻准备着一颗为建设祖国，振兴中华做出自己应有贡献之心。
39、人燃尽了自己的生命和青春！即使在那封建主义的绞杀下，即使在那帝国主义的炮火中，中国人依然用自己的脊梁挺起了中华古老的长城。
40、我的祖9国是中华人民共和国，她像一只雄鸡屹立在世界东方，960万平方公里的大地上，56个民族亲如一家，13亿人民斗志昂扬。祖国，每一天都在发生深刻儿巨大的变化。祖国的发展变化，唤起我发自心底的声声祝福。
41、又是个金秋的十月，又是个装满收获的季节。在经历走过来的数次磨砺后，祖国以其坚强不屈的脊梁高高屹立在世界的东方。我们自豪，我们骄傲，我们为有一个坚强的祖国而歌唱。
20xx年英美文学试题
20xx年英美文学试题
PART ONE (40 POINTS)
I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)
Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your choice on the answer sheet.
1.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is（ ）.
A. humanism B. realism C. naturalism D. skepticism
2.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except（ ）.
A. Hamlet and King Lear B. Antony and Cleopatra and Macbeth
C. Julius Caesar and Othello D. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream
3.The statement “Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”opens one of well-known essays by
A. Francis Bacon B. Samuel Johnson C. Alexander Pope D. Jonathan Swift
4.In Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent（ ）touch in his description of the simple though primitive rural life.
A. nostalgic B. humorous C. romantic D. ironic
5.Backbite, Sneerwell, and Lady Teazle are characters in the play The School for Scandal by（ ）.
A. Christopher Marlowe B. Ben Jonson C. Richard Brinsley Sheridan D. George Bernard Shaw
6.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a“（ ）in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
A. tragic epic B. comic epic C. romance D. lyric epic
7.In his poem “Tyger, Tyger,”William Blake expresses his perception of the“fearful symmetry”of the big cat. The phrase“fearful symmetry”suggests（ ）.
A. the tiger’s two eyes which are dazzlingly bright and symmetrically set B. the poet’s fear of the predator
C. the analogy of the hammer and the anvil D. the harmony of the two opposite aspects of God’s creation
8.“What is his name?”
“Bingley.”
“Is he married or single?”
“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”
The above dialogue must be taken from（ ）.
A. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice B. Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights
C. John Galsworthy’s The Forsyte Saga D. George Eliot’s Middlemarch
9.The short story“Araby”is one of the stories in James Joyce’s collection（ ）.
A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man B. Ulysses C. Finnegans Wake D. Dubliners
10.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following except（ ）.
A. the using of everyday language spoken by the common people
B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings
C. the humble and rustic life as subject matter
D. elegant wording and inflated figures of speech
11.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice:“Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.”What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?
（ ） A. Simile. B. Metonymy. C. Pun. D. Synecdoche.
12.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”is an epigrammatic line by（ ）.
A. J. Keats B. W. Blake C. W. Wordsworth D. P. B. Shelley
13.The poems such as“The Chimney Sweeper”are found in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by
A. William Wordsworth B. William Blake C. John Keats D. Lord Gordon Byron
14.John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress is often regarded as a typical example of（ ）.
A. allegory B. romance C. epic in prose D. fable
15.Alexander Pope strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by（ ）rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.
A. classical B. romantic C. sentimental D. allegorical
16.In his essay“Of Studies,”Bacon said:“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and（ ）.”
A. skimmed B. perfected C. imitated D. digested
17.“For I have known them all already, known them all—/Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,/I have measured out my life with coffee spoons.”The above lines are taken from（ ）.
A. Wordsworth’s “The Solitary Reaper” B. Eliot’s“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”
C. Coleridge’s“Kubla Khan” D. Yeats’s“The Lake Isle of Innisfree”
18.(The)（ ）was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.
A. Romanticism B. Humanism
C. Enlightenment D. Sentimentalism 19.A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of（ ）, who never pays any attention to human feelings.
A. morality B. justice C. property D. humor
20.The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the （ ）.
A. bitter satire B. larger-than-life caricature C. Latinized diction D. dramatic monologue
21.George Bernard Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a grotesquely realistic exposure of the（ ）.
A. slum landlordism B. political corruption in England
C. economic oppression of women D. religious corruption in England
22.The story starting with the marriage of Paul’s parents Walter Morel and Mrs. Morel must be
A. Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles B. D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers
C. George Eliot’s Middlemarch D. Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre
23.In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is（ ）. A. Washington Irving B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Walt Whitman
24.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision.”The term“black vision”refers to
A. Hawthorne’s observation that every man faces a black wall
B. Hawthorne’s belief that all men are by nature evil
C. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his story
D. that Puritans of Hawthorne’s time usually wore black clothes
25.Theodore Dreiser was once criticized for his（ ）in style, but as a true artist his strength just lies in that his style is very serious and well calculated to achieve the thematic ends he sought.
A. crudeness B. elegance C. conciseness D. subtlety
26.“He is the last of the romantic heroes, whose energy and sense of commitment take him in search of his personal Grail; his failure magnifies to a great extent the end of the American Dream.”The character referred to in the passage is most likely the protagonist of（ ）.
A. Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby B. Dreiser’s An American Tragedy
C. Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls D. Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
27.Almost all Faulkner’s heroes turned out to be tragic because（ ）.
A. all enjoyed living in the declining American South B. none of them was conditioned by the civilization and social institutions C. most of them were prisoners of the past D. none were successful in their attempt to explain the inexplicable
28.Yank, the protagonist of Eugene O’Neill’s play The Hairy Ape, talked to the gorilla and set it free because
A. he was mad, mistaking a beast for a human
B. he was told by the white young lady that he was like a beast and he wanted to see how closely he resembled the gorilla C. he was caged with the gorilla after he insulted an aristocratic stroller
D. he could feel the kinship only with the beast
29.In（ ）, Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.
A. “After Apple-Picking” B. “The Road Not Taken” C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”
D. “Fire and Ice”
30.Though Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson were romantic poets in theme and technique, they differ from each other in a variety of ways. For one thing, whereas Whitman likes to keep his eye on human society at large, Dickinson often addresses such issues as（ ）, immortality, religion, love and nature.
A. progress B. freedom C. beauty D. death
31.The Romantic Writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the（ ）in the American literary history. A. individual feeling B. survival of the fittest C. strong imagination D. return to nature
32.Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be（ ）.
A. transcendentalists B. optimists C. pessimists D. idealists
33.With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,（ ）became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.
A. Sentimentalism B. Romanticism C. Realism D. Naturalism
34.American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a)“（ ）,”devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization.
A. Lost Generation B. Beat Generation C. Sons of Liberty D. Angry Young Men
35.In（ ）, Washington Irving agrees with the protagonist on his preference of the past to the present, and of a dream-like world to the real world.
A. “Young Goodman Brown” B.“Rip Van Winkle” C. “Rappaccini’s Daughter” D.“Bartleby, the Scrivener”
36.Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely characters in（ ）.
A. The House of the Seven Gables B. The Scarlet Letter C. The Portrait of a Lady D. The Pioneers
37.Like Nathaniel Hawthorne,（ ）also manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through symbolism and allegory in his narratives.
A. Mark Twain B. Henry James C. R. W. Emerson D. Herman Melville
38.In his realistic fiction, Henry James’s primary concern is to present the（ ）.
A. inner life of human beings B. American Civil War and its effects
C. life on the Mississippi River D. Calvinistic view of original sin
39.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Mark Twain’s writing style?（ ）
A. Simple vernacular. B. Local color.
C. Lengthy psychological analyses. D. Richness of irony and humor.
40.Which of the following statements about E. Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story“A Rose for Emily,”is NOT true?（ ）
A. She has a distorted personality. B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed.
C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South. D. She is the victim of the past glory.
PART TWO (60 POINTS)
Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)
Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
41.“Words are like leaves; and where they most abound,
Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found”
Questions:
A. Identify the poem and the poet. B. What idea do the two lines express?
42.“To be so distinguished, is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.”
Questions:
A. Identify the work and the author. B. What is the tone of author?
43.“‘Faith! Faith!’cried the husband. ‘Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.’”
Questions:
A. Identify the work and the author. B. What idea does the quoted sentence express?
44.“We passed the School, where Children strove
At Recess—in the Ring—
We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain—
We passed the Setting Sun—”
Questions: A. Identify the poem and the poet.
B. What do“the School,” “the Fields”and“the Setting Sun”stand for respectively?
Ⅲ. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)
Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
45.As a rule, and allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. List two works as examples of allegory. What is the implied meaning an allegory is usually concerned with?
46.“Let it not be supposed by the enemies of‘the system,’that during the period of his solitary incarceration, Oliver was denied the benefit of exercise, the pleasure of society, or the advantages of religious consolation.”
What do you think Charles Dickens intends to say in the above ironic statement taken from Oliver Twist?
47.Whitman has made radical changes in the form of poetry by choosing free verse as his medium of expression. What are the characteristics of Whitman’s free verse?
48.Some of Hemingway’s heroes are regarded as the Hemingway code heroes. Whatever the differences in experience and age, they all have something in common which Hemingway values. What are the characteristics of the Hemingway code hero?
Ⅳ. Topics for Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)
Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.
49.Elizabeth Bennet, the heroine in Pride and Prejudice, is often regarded as the most successful character created by Jane Austen. Make a brief comment on Elizabeth’s character.
50.Take Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example to illustrate the statement that Mark Twain was a unique writer in American literature.
温馨小贴士：正确对待考研英语
快考研了，对于英语作文的复习，大家比较常用的方法就是背模板，来听听一些阅卷老师的看法：
一、作文模板要背,但不要背太多。关键是要准!老师是人,当然知道大家都是模板,不会因为这个难为大家。模板不是错,也没有歧视,但你连摸版都背不准,都背错,那就是你的不对了.我发现很多同学上下句不连贯,但都很优美,可见是拼接的,按本人经验,模版一个就可以对付大多数,问题是你要会用,而不是背一堆,又不准,同时还自己拼,那怎么能行?
二、考场上除非万不得已不要抄上面卷面上的句子。本人第一天连续发现4张卷子句子相同。上报组长,雷同卷,差点按0分处理,后来还好又发现类似卷子,原来都是从翻译抄下来的,0分终于避免了,但8分以下是跑不了了,欺骗老师啊~~~~
三、要有发光点,注意你是在考研,你让老师看到的是important,there be,那就等着8分左右吧,好象中国学生最会的句子就是there be,一片there be,更郁闷的是,有人还把时态弄错了,那完了,祈祷吧！用词,要对的起研究生(Q吧) 考试的水平啊,你就不能换点高级的词吗?
四、最重要的是每段开头.我算了一下,每份卷子,快的老师5秒,我差不多要10多秒。而且还要写两个名字,你觉得我能看到什么?首句!我们肯定不会乱改,但你要是在首句被我们看见低级词、低级句子、低级错误,那完了,这就决定你最终分数,就算你后面写的再好,也完了，前面是定性的,后面是定量的记得我的话!!!
五、多用难句,难词。要让我在枯燥的工作中惊艳,而且在5秒内,你就只有让我觉得,你很牛啊,从句子看出来,同时注意,不要写错！
六、一定要检查!特别是普通用法,要是普通用法错误,直接降一等,难的用法错了也就算了。你连there be都错,那能怪老师吗?我给的2个高分被组长打回原形,就是因为有低级错误!不要出错!
七、字体优美!强烈建议练练字,能写斜体的就很好，至少多3分,不能写的,字写明白,否则,损失的不止3分。
八、从07年北京地区改卷来看,分数比较多的是在,7,8左右,要按文章要求写,文章第一段多是描绘,注意上下句衔接,同时要有铺垫,不要上来第一个词就是confidence,太突兀了,看了有点晕。
九、作文不用花太多时间,但不花时间绝对不行,还是我说的,三个方面
1:背熟一个模版并运用好
2:不出错误
3:让老师惊艳的词句,就差不多了。
十、小作文没改,不知道,不过似乎他们看的速度比我们快的多,为你们祈祷~~呵呵。
十一、补充,套话还是要学的。背一点,最后可以筹字数起码,用的好的话也是个闪光点。
十二、好象没什么了,记住相信老师,北京地区分数低,不是老师随意压分,是我们严格执行标准,你们能做的,是提高水平!
十句对你不客气的英语口语
10句对你不客气的英语口语
1. Just wait and see. I won't let you get away with that.
咱们走着瞧。我不会让你得逞的。
2. You'll be sorry.
你会后悔的。
3. You're gonna get what's coming to you.
你会得到报应的。
4. If you're looking for a fight, you don't have to look far.
如果你想找人打架的话，不用找太远。
5. Watch your mouth. Do you know who you're talking to?
说话客气一点。你知道你在跟谁说话吗？
6. I'll get even with you sooner or later.
跟你的这笔账我迟早会要回来的。
7. Listen, you've picked the wrong person to quarrel with.
听着，你找错吵架的对象了。
8. You'd better take that back.
你最好收回那句话。
9. You want to take it outside? Anytime!
你想到外头解决(干架)吗？随時奉陪！
10. Don't mess with me! / Don't get fresh with me!
不要惹我！/ 给我放尊重一点！
英美文学作家作品
■ 英国部分
古英语Old English 450-1066 中世纪英语(文学) Medieval English 1066 - middle 14th century 乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer - the father of English poetry 文艺复兴(含义)The Renaissance - rebirth or revival 人文主义Humanism - the essence of the Renaissance, the dignity of human being & the importance of the present life 1.斯宾塞Edmund Spenser - the poets' poet 2.马洛Christopher Marlowe - University Wits, the pioneer of English drama Blank verse无韵诗体, hyperbole夸张 浮士德博士的悲剧 3.莎士比亚William Shakespeare - above all writers in the past and in the present time 四大悲剧Four tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear & Macbeth 十四行诗第18首 《威尼斯商人》 《哈姆雷特》 4.培根Francis Bacon - brevity, compactness(简洁) & powerfulness, his essays is an important landmark in the development of English prose Inductive method 归纳法 in place of deductive method 演绎法 《论学习》 5.邓恩John Donne 玄学诗派metaphysical poetry - break away from love poetry, a seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences and attitudes, and a free range of feelings and moods Conceits, syllogism 三段论 《日出》 《致死神》 6.弥尔顿John Milton 《失乐园》 《复乐园》 《力士参孙》 新古典主义Neoclassicism - a revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion抑制情感 & accuracy 怯懦 启蒙思想(运动) Enlightenment - a progressive intellectual movement, reason (rationality), equality & science 哥特式小说Gothic novel - mystery, horror & castles 神秘、恐怖 7.班扬John Bunyan (“浮华集市”) 8..蒲伯Alexander Pope 《论批评》 “words are like leaves; and where they most abound. Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found. ”what idea do the two lines express? On fruit trees, where leaves are plentiful, fruit will be few. Similarly, in a piece of writing, where too many fine words are used, good sense will be reduced. 9. 笛福Daniel Defoe - the first writer study of the lower-class people《罗宾汉》 10.斯威夫待Jonathan Swift - a master satirist讽刺作家. In his opinion, human nature is seriously and permanently永存的 flawed有瑕疵的 Proper words in proper places 《温和的建议》 《格列佛游记》 11.菲尔丁Henry Fielding –英语小说之父 Father of English novel, Prose Homer Comic epic in prose 《汤姆?琼斯》 12.约翰逊Samuel Johnson - first combine an English dictionary, last neoclassicist enlightener 《英文字典》 致切斯特菲尔德勋爵的信 13. 谢里丹Richard Brinsley Sheridan - the only important English dramatist of the 18th century 《?情敌》 14.格雷Thomas Gray The Graveyard(墓地) School《写在教堂墓地的挽歌》 ?浪漫传奇Romantic - emotion over reason, spontaneous emotion, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of 人文主义精神the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace The romantic period began with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge's 浪漫主义时期 The Romantic Period 15.布莱克William Blake -engraver雕刻家 《扫烟囱的人》 16.华兹华斯William Wordsworth - the leading figure of the English romantic poetry, simple, spontaneous自发的, worshipper of nature' Lake Poets' - William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge & Robert Southey骚赛 He defines the poet as a 'man speaking to men', and poetry as 'the spontaneous overflow洋溢 of powerful feelings, which originates in 'emotion recollected沉思默想的 in tranquillity安静'. “我孤独地游荡，就象一朵云” 《威斯敏斯特桥上,1802年9月3日》 《她居住在人迹罕至的地方》 《孤独的割麦女》 17.柯勒律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge - supernatural, remote Poet can be divided into two groups - the demonic (supernatural) & the conversational(对话的) The demonic group includes 3 masterpieces –《古舟子咏》(又,《老水手之行》) 18.拜伦George Gordon Byron 拜伦式英雄'Byronic hero' is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin贵族血统, against tyrannical残暴的 rules or moral principles. Such a hero appears first in《恰尔德?哈罗德游记》 19.雪莱Percy Bysshe Shelley Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus unbound, Is a verse drama. which borrows the basic story from a Greek play. 英国人民之歌 《西风颂》 20.济慈John Keats 4 great odes – 忧郁颂 21.简奥斯汀Jane Austen 《傲慢与偏见》 维多利亚时期 The Victorian Period 达尔文《物种起源》Darwin's 功利主义Utilitarianism was widely accepted and practiced Critical realists were all concerned about the fate of the common people 22.狄更斯Charles Dickens - one of the greatest critical realist writers批判现实主义作家 of the Victorian Age维多利亚时代 Character-portrayal描写 is the most distinguishing feature特点 of his works A mingling混合 of humor and pathos 悲伤,惆怅 《双城记》 23.勃朗蒂姐妹The Bront? Sisters - Charlotte, Emily & Anne Bront?, a rather reserved and simple girl, was very much a child of nature. 《简?爱》 24.丁尼生Alfred Tennyson - invents dramatic monologue, Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人, a real artist 拍吧, 拍吧, 拍吧 《过沙洲》 ”尤利西斯” 25.布朗宁Robert Browning - the most original poet, who improve and mature the dramatic monologue 《指环与书》 我逝去的公爵夫人 26.乔治?艾略特George Eliot: As a 女性作家woman of exceptional 特有的intelligence and life experience, she shows a particular concern for the destiny of women 《米尔德马契》 27.哈代Thomas Hardy - both a 自然主义naturalistic and a critical realist writer 地方乡土色彩Local-colored, Wessex, 'novels of character and environment' 《德勃家的苔斯》 ?夜里的相会 现代主义 The Modern Period 28.萧伯纳George Bernard Shaw- 1884 join the Fabian Society, strongly against the credo信条 of “art for art’s sake”, vehemently 激烈condemned the “well made” but cheap, hollow plays. He wrote more than 50 plays. Mission of his drama was to reveal the moral, political and economic truth from a radical reformist point of view. 《鳏夫的房产》 29.高尔斯华绥 John Galsworthy- was born into a upper-middle-class上层(富裕的)中产阶级 family. 《银盒》 第一个三步曲Trilogy--《福赛特世家》 第二个三步曲second Forsyte trilogy:《现代喜剧》 第三个三步曲 30.叶芝 William Butler Yeats was born into an Anglo-Irish Protestant family in Dublin. organized the Irish National Dramatic Socirty and opened the Abbey Theatre. a moderate nationalist. build a mystical system of beliefs(history, life followed a circular spiral螺旋 pattern consisting of long cycles which repeatd themselves over and over on different levels). 象征symbol : “winding stairs旋梯”, “spinning tops陀螺”, “gyres旋转”, “spirals” long poetic career, 3 period 《茵尼斯弗利岛》 《丽达及天鹅》 31. T. S.艾略特 T. S. Eliot 《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》 《四个四重奏》 32.劳伦斯 D. H. Lawrence 《儿子和情人》 33.乔伊斯 James Joyce 《都柏林人》 ■ 美国部分 Started with Washington Irving's called 'the American Renaissance'Free expression of emotion, escapes from society, and return to nature New England Transcendentalism 先验主义/超验主义 1.欧文Washington Irving - father of the American short stories, the American Goldsmith Perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced First novel 2.爱默生Ralph Waldo Emerson - the spokesman of New England Transcendentalism movement 3.霍桑Nathaniel Hawthorne Interior of the heart, there is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life, but circumstances may rouse it to activity 4.惠特曼Walt Whitman Openness, freedom, individualism I - me, my nation (society), Free verse, Envelope structure, Catalogue (Listing) A new ideal, a new world, a new life-style 5.麦尔维尔Herman Melville - a master of allegory and symbolism, like Hawthorne Realistic period - the Gilded Age, the poor poorer and the rich richer, people's attention was now directed to the interesting features of everyday existence Local colorism, social Darwinism, bestiality, beyon man's control 6.马克?土温Mark Twain - the true father of American literature Local colorist, vernacular, simple sentence, 'the damned human race' The Gilded Age 3 boyhood books 7.亨利詹姆斯Henry James - international theme, psychological realistStream of consciousness, interior monologue, free association 8.迪金森Emily Dickinson Based on her own experiences, her sorrows and joys 9.西奥多?德莱塞Theodore Dreiser - America's literary naturalists Case history including everything Determinism (heredity biological & environment), survival of the fittest, the jungle law Trilogy of Desire - The modern period - the second American Renaissance, the expatriate movement, the Lost Generation, a transformation from order to disorder Seize the day, enjoy the present, spiritual wasteland, collective unconscious, psychoanalysis Imagist movement, Jazz Age 10.庞德Ezra Pound - a leading spokesman of the 'Imagist Movement' 11.弗洛斯特Robert Lee Frost - four times awarded Pulitzer Prize, pastoral life and scene
