你能留给孩子的最好财产莫过于允许他完全独立自主地摸索自己的道路。
——Isadora Duncan 伊莎多拉·邓肯
49、Man's highest merit always is, as much as possible, to rule external circumstances and as little as possible to let himself be ruled by them.
人最大的优点是尽可能多地驾驭外部环境，尽可能少地让环境约束自己。
——Goethe 歌德
50、Don't wait for ideal circumstances, they will never come, nor for the best opportunities.
不要等候最好的条件或者最佳时机，它们永远不会降临。
——Janet Erskine Stuart 珍尼特·厄斯金·斯图亚特
51、Some people will never learn anything for this reason, because they understand everything too soon.
有些人永远学不到什么东西，原因在于他们什么都理解得太快。
——Alexander Pope 亚历山大·蒲柏
52、To think justly, we must understand what others mean; to know the value of our thoughts, we must try their effect on other minds.
要正确地思考，我们须领悟别人的意思;想知道自己见解的价值，我们须检验它们对别人有何影响。
——William Hazlitt 威廉·黑兹利特
53、No men is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent.
没有人是完全孤立的岛屿，每人都是构成大陆的一小块。
——John Donne 约翰·邓恩
54、No man can have society upon his own terms. If he seeks it, he must serve it too.
没有人能让社会服从个人的意志。倘若他想寻求符合心意的社会，也必须服务于它。
——Emerson 爱默生
55、Customary use of artifice is the sign of a small mind, and it almost always happens that he who uses it to cover one spot uncovers himself in another.
习惯做假是小人的特点，但常常是某人做假遮住了一个污点，却在另一处露了马脚。
——La Rochefoucauld 拉罗什福科
56、Everyone is a moon and has a dark side which he never shows to anybody.
每个人都是一轮月亮，都有黑暗的、从不示人的一面。
——Mark Twain 马克·吐温
57、The smaller the mind the greater the conceit.
思想越狭隘，自负越膨胀。
——伊索
58、What is the first business of philosophy? To part with self-conceit. For it is impossible for any one to begin to learn what he thinks that he already knows.
哲学的首要任务是什么?是同自负决裂。因为任何人都不可能着手去学自以为已经掌握的东西。
——Epictetus 爱比克泰德
59、Victory at all costs, victory in spite of all terror, victory however long and hard the road may be; for without victory there is no survival.
不惜一切代价夺取胜利，不畏任何恐怖夺取胜利。不论道路多么漫长，多么崎岖，一定要夺取胜利!因为没有胜利就不能生存。
——Sir Winston Churchill 温斯顿·丘吉尔
60、The God of Victory is said to be one-handed, but peace gives victory to both sides.
胜利之神据说是独臂的，和平却将胜利赋予双方。
——Emerson 爱默生
61、To be capable of steady friendship or lasting love, are the two greatest proofs, not only of goodness of heart, but of strength of mind.
稳固的友谊和持久的爱情，这两者是善良和睿智的明证。
——William Hazlitt 威廉·黑兹利特
62、Silence is the most perfect expression of scorn.
沉默是蔑视的最好表达。
——George Bernard Shaw 肖伯纳
63、If you would know contentment, let your deeds be few.
倘若你心满意足，你将无所建树。
——Democrit 德谟克里特
64、Good friends, good books and a sleepy conscience: this is the ideal life.
拥有良书、益友和一颗宁静的心：这就是理想的生活。
——Mark Twain 马克·吐温
65、Only if we can restrain ourselves is conversation possible; good talk rises upon much self-discipline.
我们唯有约束自己，对话才可能进行;友好的交谈依赖于良好的自我克制得以产生。
——John Erskine 约翰·尼斯金
66、The unluckiest insolvent in the world is the man whose expenditure of speech is too great for his income of ideas.
世界上最不幸的破产者莫过于言语消耗过大而思想无力支付的人。
——Christopher Morley 克里斯托弗·莫里
67、Reading makes a full man, meditation a profound man, discourse a clear man.
阅读培养学问丰富的人，思考培养见识深刻的人，演讲培养思路清晰的人。
——Benjamin Franklin 本杰明·富兰克林
68、I ought to be no more than one mirror, in which my reader can see his own thinking with all its deformities so that, helped in this way, he can put it right.
我应该只是一面镜子，我的读者可以通过这面镜子看到他思想的全部缺陷，从而借助这个途径将思想端正。
——Wittgenstein 维特根斯坦
69、Perhaps at bottom I'm ... a country man. The warm earth feelings gets me hardest. It's land love, ground love.
或许在内心深处我是——属于乡村的，那温暖的土壤的感觉让我最难释怀，这是对乡村和土地的眷恋。
——Sherwood Anderson 谢伍德·安德森
70、It is a brave act of valour to contemn death; but where life is more terrible than death, it is then the truest valour to dare to live.
蔑视死亡是一种英勇的行为，但是当活着比死亡更加可怕的时候，那么敢于生活下去才是至高无上的勇气。
——Thomas Browne 托马斯·布朗
71、Courage is the basic virtue for everyone so long as he continues to grow, to move ahead.
勇气是每个人首要的美德，只要他还在成长，还在前进。
——Rollo May
72、The imagination imitates. It is the critical spirit that creates.
想象是模仿，批判的精神才具有创造力。
——Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡·王尔德
73、The greater one's love for a person, the less room for flattery. The proof of true love is to be unsparing in criticism.
爱一个人爱得越深就越少恭维他，毫无保留的批评才验证真的感情。
——Moliere 莫里哀
Cruelty ever proceeds from a vile mind, and often from a cowardly heart.
残忍永远出于卑劣之性，而且往往源于胆怯之心。
——Lodovico Ariosto 路·阿里奥斯托
74、Culture, the acquainting ourselves with the best that has been known and said in the world, and thus with the history of the human spirit.
文化令我们知悉世界上最好的知识和话语，从而了解人类精神的历史。
——Matthew Arnold 马修·阿诺德
75、It is vain to find faults with those arts of deceiving wherein men find pleasure to be deceived.
当人们心甘情愿受骗上当，抱怨骗术实属徒劳无益。
——John Locke 约翰·洛克
76、It is more tolerable to be refused than deceived.
被人拒绝也比被人欺骗好受。
——Publilius Syrus 普布里利亚斯·西拉斯
77、The passing years steal from us one thing after another.
逝去的年华从我们这偷走一样又一样东西。
——Horace 贺拉斯
78、All the beautiful sentiments in the world weigh less than a single action.
世间所有美丽的情感抵不过一次可爱的行动。
——James Russell Lowell 詹姆斯·罗素·洛威尔
79、It is no profit to have learned well, if you neglect to do well.
假如你不注重实践，满腹经纶也是枉然。
——Publilius Syrus 普布里利亚斯·西拉斯
80、Isn't the best defence always a good attack?
最佳的防御难道不是绝妙的攻击吗?
——Ovid 奥维德
81、A man can do what he wants, but not want what he wants.
一个人可以干他想干的一切，却不能要求得到他想要的一切。
——Schopenhauer 叔本华
82、Difficulties increase, the nearer one comes to the goal.
困难增加预示着距离目标更近。
——Goethe 歌德
83、If a sense of duty tortures a man, it also enables him to achieve prodigies.
如果责任感令人痛苦，那它也使人创造奇迹。
——H. L. Mencken 亨·路·门肯
84、Behind every successful man there's a lot u unsuccessful years.
每个成功者的后面都有很多不成功的岁月.
——Bob Brown 鲍博.布朗
85、I think success has no rules, but you can learn a lot from failure.
我认为成功没有定律,但你可从失败中学到很多东西.
——Jean Kerr 静.科尔
86、Four short words sum up what has lifted most successful individuals above the crowd: a little bit more.
成功的秘诀就是四个简单的字：多一点点。
87、All things in their being are good for something.
天生我才必有用。
——中国谚语
88、Fear not that the life shall come to an end, but rather fear that it shall never have a beginning.
不要害怕你的生活将要结束，应该担心你的生活永远不会真正开始。
——J.H. Newman 纽曼
89、 Gods determine what you're going to be.
人生的奋斗目标决定你将成为怎样的人。
——Julius Erving 欧文
90、 An aim in life is the only fortune worth finding.
生活的目标，是唯一值得寻找的财富。
—— Robert Louis Stevenson· 史蒂文森
91、 While there is life there is hope.
一息若存，希望不灭。
—— 英国谚语
92、Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.
不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。
—— A. Einstein爱因斯坦
93、You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success.
人必须有自信，这是成功的秘密。
——Charles Chaplin 卓别林
94、We must accept finite disappointment, but we must never lose infinite hope.
我们必须接受失望，因为它是有限的，但千万不可失去希望，因为它是无穷的。
—— Mattin Luther King 马丁 · 路德 · 金
95、Energy and persistence conquer all things.
能量加毅力可以征服一切。
—— Benjamin Franklin 富兰克林
96、Cease to struggle and you cease to live.
生命不止，奋斗不息。
—— Thomas Carlyle 卡莱尔
97、A thousand-li journey is started by taking the first step.
千里之行，始于足下。
——中国谚语
98、Victory won't come to me unless I go to it.
胜利是不会向我们走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。
——M.Moore 穆尔
99、Man struggles upwards; water flows downwards.人往高处走，水往低处流。
——中国谚语
100、Man errs as long as he strives. 失误是进取的代价。
——Goethe歌德
GRE ISSUE PART I1.THREE CLASSICAL THEORIESIn the 19th century, three great classical theories of social and historical change were created : the sociocultural evolutionism, thesocial cycle theoryand the Marxist historical materialism theory. These theories had one common factor: they all agreed that the history of humanity is pursuing a certain fixed path, most likely that of the social progress. Thus, each past event is not only chronologically, but causally tied to the present and future events. Those theories postulated that by recreating the sequence of those events, sociology could discover the laws of history.2.colonialismThe first process was colonialism. Although imperial powers settled,most differences of opinion with their colonial sbujects with force, increased awareness of non-Westem people raised new questions for European scholars about the nature of society and culture. Similarly ,effective adminsitration required some degree of understanding of other cultures. Emerging theories of sociocultural evolutinon allowed Eiurpeans to organize their new knowledge in a way that reflected and justified their increasing political and economic domination of others: colonized people were less evolved, colonizing people were more evolved. When the 17th-century, English philospher Thomas Hobbes described primeval man as living in conditions in which there are "no arts, no letters, no society" and his life as " solittary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short", he was very much proclaiming a popular conception of the "savage". Everything that was good and civilized resulted from the slow development out of this stage. Even rationalistic philosophers like Voltaire implicityly assumed that enlightenment gradually resluted in the upward progress of humankind.
英（一）
Eliminate Internal Negative Chatter
The first step is one of awareness. It will be hard to make a change to positive thinking without being acutely intimate with the thoughts that run through your mind. Recently, I was amazed to discover deep buried emotions from negative thoughts that I had for fewer than 10 minutes. Without awareness, I would have carried the hurt and anger inside. Awareness helped me to bring them out to the open for me to deal with.
Undoubtedly it will not be easy to make a switch if you have a long history or negative self talk. Your talk became negative over the years due to various factors. For instance, if your first grade teacher repeatedly told you that you were "stupid", you might believe it to be truly the case. You would find that your inner chatter would often be filled with talk of "I am so slow" and "it is so hard to learn". If you constantly tell yourself such negative stories, your actions are going to reflect your low self esteem. It will be difficult to get very far if you are always putting yourself down.
A common negative talk involves telling yourself "I can’t". When you say to yourself "I can’t" or "it is too difficult", you are creating a resistance. Having such a mental block will prevent you from achieving a task you could otherwise succeed at.
Anytime you catch yourself saying "I can’t…", turn around and challenge your own claim with, "Why can’t I?" Research shows that most geniuses became the people they are also because of the hard work they put in. So if you would like to be successful, you need to start saying "I can" a lot more.
A great method that I have also found useful is to say "Cancel Cancel" each time I find myself saying something negative, whether in the mind or verbally. The method works if you sincerely have the intent of becoming a positive thinker.
英语文章摘抄（二）
positive Affirmations
Affirmations are positive statements of a desired outcome or goal. They are usually short, believable and focused. By repeating them over and over again, you build inroads into your subconscious mind, opening up the possibility of a new state of thoughts.
An important step when repeating affirmations is that you need to read your affirmations aloud with feeling. The mere reading of the words bears no consequence unless you put some emotions behind them. Of significant fact is that your subconscious mind takes any orders given in complete faith and after repeated self talk. So the daily practice of repeating affirmations is important.
Initially you may be skepticism toward the statement of your positive affirmation. However, if you follow this simple set of instructions your skepticism will soon give way to a new set of beliefs and then crystallized into absolute faith.
英语文章摘抄（三）
positive Scripts
One thing that you may observe is on how easy it is for your mind to build negative thought upon negative thought. The chatter not only does not stop but it spins a drama that traps and limits you.
From now on, regularly do this exercise instead. Spin an uplifting story that runs like a movie script. Some visualization will be helpful. You build on a story with a positive outline. The longer you can tell this story to yourself the better. It is also best if you can make this story one about having all your goals achieved. When you do this, you start to internalize your goals and dreams, as if they are something that you have already achieved.
英语文章摘抄（四）
Replace Negative Influences with positive Ones
It is important that you identify external negative factors in your life which may be holding your thoughts hostage. For instance, your mental state can become toxic by being around friends who are negative. If you are not vigilant enough, you will start to adopt their thoughts as your own. Hence, be alert to what your negative influences are. If they come from certain friends, limit your exposure to them as much as you can. Refrain from discussing your plans with people who will be unsupportive of your dreams and goals.
Instead surround yourself with thoughts and actions from people who will empower you.
From being uninspired and de-motivated, you will begin to feel uplifted and driven to greater self growth. The positive energy that they vibrate will start affecting the self talk that you engage in as well.
英语文章摘抄（五）
Present Tense Messages
You may find yourself daunted by the many things you need to do in order to reach your goals. It just seems overwhelming to become the success that you secretly desire for. Your mind gets caught up in an endless stream of worry.
What may be helpful is to concentrate on steps you can take in the present. If you find yourself becoming stuck, stop and say, "What can I do right now?" Change your internal talk from a future anxiety ridden one to one that is about the more manageable present. You cannot control what will happen in the future but you can take the necessary steps now that will build a better tomorrow. Taking the necessary steps require you to focus your thoughts and inner talk on Now.
英语文章摘抄（六）
Confront Fears
Fear is often what holds you back from your success. You are scared of taking chances because you fear losing the security that you enjoy now. You try to convince yourself that you are happy in your current state when in fact, you are not. Your self talk may sound positive in your attempt to lie to yourself. But somehow, there is an inner knowing that you are short changing yourself.
Ask yourself what you are afraid of. What can be the worst that can happen? Take a step-by-step approach in breaking down your fears and see if there is any way round to looking at things more positively. When you confront your fears, you will often realize that the worst case scenario is not as bad as you think. In fact, the benefits of change are worth the risk. Your inner talk begins to change at this point.
