冠词和数词
2.1 不定冠词的用法
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词（the Definite Article），另一种是不定冠词（the Indefinite Article），还有一种是零冠词（Zero Article）。
不定冠词a (an)与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。
1) 表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。
A Mr. Ling is waiting for you.
2) 代表一类人或物。
A knife is a tool for cutting with.
Mr. Smith is an engineer.
3) 词组或成语。
a little / a few / a lot / a type of / a pile / a great many / many a / as a rule / in a hurry / in a minute / in a word / in a short while / after a while / have a cold / have a try / keep an eye on / all of a sudden
三十五个经典句型 帮你过写作关（英语四级）
一、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
~~~ the most + 形容词 + 名词 + (that) + 主词 + have ever + seen ( known/heard/had/read, etc)
例句：Helen is the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。
Mr. Chang is the kindest teacher that I have ever had.
张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。
二、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V
Nothing is + more + 形容词 + than to + V
例句：Nothing is more important than to receive education.
没有比接受教育更重要的事。
三、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.
（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。）
例句：We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.
我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
四、There is no denying that + S + V ...（不可否认的...）
例句：There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.
不可否认的，我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
五、It is universally acknowledged that + 句子~~ （全世界都知道...）
例句：It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.
全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
六、There is no doubt that + 句子~~ （毫无疑问的...）
例句：There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.
毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。
七、An advantage of ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的优点是...）
例句：An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won‘t create (produce) any pollution.
使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。
八、The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）
例句：The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can provide us with fresh air.
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.
我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
九、So + 形容词 + be + 主词 + that + 句子 （如此...以致于...）
例句：So precious is time that we can‘t afford to waste it.
时间是如此珍贵，我们经不起浪费它。
十、Adj + as + Subject（主词）+ be, S + V~~~ （虽然...）
例句：Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.
{by no means = in no way = on no account 一点也不}
虽然我们的国家富有，我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。
十一、The + ~er + S + V, ~~~ the + ~er + S + V ~~~
The + more + Adj + S + V, ~~~ the + more + Adj + S + V ~~~（愈...愈...）
例句：The harder you work, the more progress you make.
你愈努力，你愈进步。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.
我们书读愈多，我们愈有学问。
十二、By +Ving, ~~ can ~~ （借着...，..能够..）
例句：By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.
借着做运动，我们能够始终保持健康。
十三、~~~ enable + Object（受词）+ to + V （..使..能够..）
例句：Listening to music enable us to feel relaxed.
听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。
十四、On no account can we + V ~~~ （我们绝对不能...）
例句：On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.
我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。
十五、It is time + S + 过去式 （该是...的时候了）
例句：It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.
该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
十六、Those who ~~~ （...的人...）
例句：Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.
违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。
十七、There is no one but ~~~ （没有人不...）
例句：There is no one but longs to go to college.
没有人不渴望上大学。
十八、be + forced/compelled/obliged + to + V （不得不...）
例句：Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.
十九、It is conceivable that + 句子 （可想而知的）
It is obvious that + 句子 （明显的）
It is apparent that + 句子 （显然的）
例句：It is conceivable that knowledge plays an important role in our life.
可想而知，知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
二十、That is the reason why ~~~ （那就是...的原因）
例句：Summer is sultry. That is the reason why I don‘t like it.
夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。
二十一、For the past + 时间，S + 现在完成式...（过去...年来，...一直...）
例句：For the past two years, I have been busy preparing for the examination.
过去两年来，我一直忙着准备考试。
二十二、Since + S + 过去式，S + 现在完成式。
例句：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.
自从他上高中，他一直很用功。
二十三、It pays to + V ~~~ （...是值得的。）
例句：It pays to help others.
帮助别人是值得的。
二十四、be based on （以...为基础）
例句：The progress of thee society is based on harmony.
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
二十五、Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.
我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
二十六、bring home to + 人 + 事 （让...明白...事）
例句：We should bring home to people the value of working hard.
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
二十七、be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）
例句：Taking exercise is closely related to health.
做运动与健康息息相关。
二十八、Get into the habit of + Ving
= make it a rule to + V （养成...的习惯）
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.
我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
二十九、Due to/Owing to/Thanks to + N/Ving, ~~~ （因为...）
例句：Thanks to his encouragement, I finally realized my dream.
因为他的鼓励，我终于实现我的梦想。
三十、What a + Adj + N + S + V!= How + Adj + a + N + V!（多么...！）
例句：What an important thing it is to keep our promise!
How important a thing it is to keep our promise!
遵守诺言是多么重要的事！
三十一、Leave much to be desired （令人不满意）
例句：The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
三十二、Have a great influence on ~~~ （对...有很大的影响）
例句：Smoking has a great influence on our health.
抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
三十三、do good to （对...有益），do harm to （对...有害）
例句：Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
三十四、Pose a great threat to ~~ （对...造成一大威胁）
例句：Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.
污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
三十五、do one‘s utmost to + V = do one‘s best （尽全力去...）
例句：We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life.
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
常见标点符号的用法
句号 Period [.]
用以表示一个句子的结束
Hockey is a popular sport in Canada.
The federal government is based in Ottawa.
用在缩写中
B.C. is the province located on the West Coast.
Dr. Bethune was a Canadian who worked in China.
The company is located at 888 Bay St. in Toronto.
It is 4:00 p.m. in Halifax right now.
问号 Question Mark [?]
在句子的结尾使用问号表示是直接疑问句：
How many provinces are there in Canada?
注意：在间接疑问句结尾不要加问号：
The teacher asked the class a question.
Do not ask me why.
叹号 Exclamation Mark [!]
在句子的结尾使用叹号表示惊讶、兴奋等情绪：
We won the Stanley Cup!
The forest is on fire!
逗号 Comma [,]
句子中的停顿
Therefore, we should write a letter to the prime minister.
在疑问句中引出说话人：
"I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."
排列三个或以上的名词：
Ontario, Quebec, and B.C. are the three biggest provinces.
引出定语从句
Emily Carr, who was born in 1871, was a great painter.
单引号 Apostrophe [']
表示所有
This is David's computer.
These are the player's things. (things that belong to the player)
Note: 对于复数形式的名词，只加'
These are the players' things. (things that belong to the players)
缩写I don't know how to fix it.
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引号Quotation Marks ["]
直接引出某人说的话：
The prime minister said, "We will win the election."
"I can come today," she said, "but not tomorrow."
冒号Colon [:]
引出一系列名词
There are three positions in hockey: goalie, defence, and forward.
引出一个较长的引语
The prime minister said: "We will fight. We will not give up. We will win the next election."
分号Semicolon [;]
将两个相关的句子连接起来
The festival is very popular; people from all over the world visit each year.
和逗号一同使用引出一系列名词
The three biggest cities in Canada are Toronto, Ontario; Montreal, Quebec; and Vancouver, B.C.
破折号Dash [-]
在一个句子前作总结
Mild, wet, and cloudy - these are the characteristics of weather in Vancouver.
在一个句子的前面或后面加入额外的注释
The children - Pierre, Laura, and Ashley - went to the store. Most Canadians - but not all - voted in the last election.
表示某人在说话过程中被打断
The woman said, "I want to ask - " when the earthquake began to shake the room.
连字符Hyphen [-]
连接两个单词
sweet-smelling
fire-resistant
将前缀
anti-Canadian
non-contact
在数字中使用
one-quarter
twenty-three
英语六级词汇与语法结构命题趋势
词汇命题趋势
《大学英语教学大纲修订稿》对大学英语基础阶段词汇教学的较高要求(六级)规定如下：
领会式掌握的'单词为5，500个，其中复合式掌握的单词为3，000个，以及由这些词构成的常用词组2000条(中学所掌握的单词和词组包括在内)，并具有按照构词法识别生词的能力，领会式掌握是指看到英语单词能理解其词义，复合式掌握是指能正确拼写单词并掌握其基本词义和用法。大学英语六级测试就是检验学生是否达到了较高要求。
在大学英语六级考试中，词汇和语法同属一个考试项目，考试时间为20分钟，考试题数为30个，计分为每小题0.5分，其计15分。题目分配：30道题中，约60%(18道题)为词和短语的用法，约40%(12道题)为语法结构。可见，与四级测试相比而言，六级更重视词汇的测试。考试范围为教学大纲词汇表一至六级全部内容。测试词汇量大约5000～5300个单词及一定量的习语，涉及动词、动词短语、名词、形容词和副词等，目的是为了测试学生运用词、短语的能力。
从历年大学英语六级考试的试卷分析可以看出：词汇测试主要集中在词义的记忆与辨析、词汇的搭配与用法等项目上，归纳起来，可大致分为下列几种：?
1.同义、近义辨析题 词汇区别是词汇测试的一个重要方面，它主要是对同义词或近义词在含义与用法上进行区别。这类试题的选项是四个词性相同、词义相同或相近的词。测试的目的在于检测考生辨别词义和运用词汇的能力。词汇区别一直是学生在学习英语过程中遇到的一大难题。这主要是由于他们没有掌握汉英两种语言在词汇方面的差异，往往只注意英语的汉语释义，而忽略了其本身的内在涵义和用法。 eg. The driver of the lorry sustained only minor to legs and arms. A. hurt B. wound C. harm D. injury 答案 D。餐车司机的腿和胳膊只受了一些轻伤。这道题测试考生对同义词细微差别的辨别能力。四个选项中的名词都含有“伤害”之意，但它们之间还有语义使用范围上的细微差别。hurt多指“感情、精神”上的伤害。wound多指由枪炮等武器所造成的伤害。harm指危害、害伤。injury指在事故、战争中所受的伤害。根据题意，答案应选D。
2.近形词汇题 英语词汇中，有一些拼写很相似，但它们的词义或词性却不同。英语六级考试的一条重要命题规律就是用形近词来干扰考生作出正确选择。其目的是要检测考生辨别词形和运用词汇的能力。如果考生平时不善于对形近词进行自觉的对比，对它们的差异不甚了解，那就会在答题时绯徊不定，难以作出正确的选择，甚至张冠李戴。? eg.Though the long term cannot be predicted, the project has been approved by the committee. A.affect B.effect C.effort D.afford 答案 B。尽管工程的远期效果还无法预测，委员会还是批准了这项工程。这四个词拼写相似，但它们的词义或词性却不同。affect动词，意为“影响”；effect为名词，意为“效果”；effort名词，意为“努力”；afford动词，意为“负担得起；提供”。掌握了它们之间的这些差异，你会毫不犹豫地选择B。
3.词组与习惯用法辨析题 1)动词短语搭配 英语动词短语是英语的难点之一，它是由动词+副词、动词+介词、动词+副词+介词几种方式构成的惯用组合，具有自己独特的意义。其意义、语法、用法等常使考生感到困难。首先，动词短语的词义不是动词和副词、介词等小品词的简单组合，往往难以从字面上理解。其次，动词短语的使用场合及范围不易弄清楚。第三，同义、近义和反义的动词短语容易混淆。要学好英语，必须学会使用动词短语。测试动词短语的题目在词汇题中占有很大的比例，其目的是测试考生辨别和运用动词短语，尤其是同一动词所构成的不同动词短语的能力。? eg.The car won't start because the battery was ._______ A.run up B.run down C.run off D.run over 答案 B。蓄电池电力减弱了，因此汽车无法发动起来。这是一个因果关系的句子。“汽车为什么发动不起来?”原因是“电池电力减弱”。四个选项中，只有run down有“减弱”之意，其它三个选择项与本句意思不合。run up表示“增长”，run off“逃离”；run over“溢出”。如果考生掌握了这四个动词短语的含义，就会作出正确的选择了。?
2)习惯用语题 英语习语(English idiom)具有特有的、约定俗成的结构形式，如“步行”，可说on foot,不说by foot，而“乘车”要说by bus,不说on bus。再如anything but与nothing but两个词组意义完全不同anything but的基本意思是not at all,而nothing but的基本意思是only。英语中的习语令人眼花缭乱，其构成形式有的甚至无规律可循。它们通常由两个或两个以上的词组成，不能任意拆开。其意义常常不是单词意义的简单结合，而是另外具有新的意义。因此，应把词组作为一个整体来记。测试的目的是检验考生对常用词组的理解和运用能力。? eg.Please don't stand in the kitchen door, you're ______ . A.in a way B.by the way C.in no way D.in the way 答案 D。不要站在厨房门口，你挡路了。这四个选择项都是固定词组，都有自己的含义。in a way表示“在某种程度上或某点上”；by the way“顺便说一下”；in no way“决不”；in the way表示“挡路，妨碍”；“阻止”。根据题意答案应为D。学生面对这些貌似杂乱无章，没有规律可循的习惯表达法，一方面要广读多看，博词强记；另一方面还要会寻找规律，学会归纳，避免机械记忆而事倍功半。 总而言之，解答词汇题的先决条件是对词汇的理解和辨析。因此考生平时要注意弄清楚词的内涵和外部关系，尤其是要注意了解名词、动词、形容词等实词彼此之间以及它们与介词或副词之间的搭配关系。与此同时，还要留心词的惯用法，把习语作为一个整体储存在脑海里。
句子成分(Members of a Sentence) There be 结构： There be 表示?存在有?。这里的there没有实际意义，不可与副词
什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有?there那里?混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示?（存在）有某事物? 试比较：There is a 一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。）/前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词?那里?。 由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定基本句型 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） 语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。 不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 是构成宾语的代词必须是?代词宾格?，如：me，him，them等 Ｓ│Ｖ及物动词│Ｏ
1. Who │knows │the answer?2. She │smiled │her thanks. 英语五种基本句型列式如下：
3. He │has refused │to help them.4. He │enjoys │reading. 一.ＳＶ（主＋谓）二：ＳＶＰ（主＋系＋表）三：ＳＶＯ（主＋谓＋宾）
5. They │ate │what was left over.6. He │said │"Good morning." 四：ＳＶｏＯ（主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）五：ＳＶＯＣ（主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词，主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。基本句型 四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及个宾语通常人为间接宾语；物为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。一物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.般的顺序为：动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如：Give me a cup of tea,please. 此句型的句子有一个共同点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如： 叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。Ｓ│Ｖ 不及物动词） Show this house to Mr.Smith. 若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语 +介1. The sun │was shining. 2. The moon │rose. 3. The universe │remains.词 + 间接宾语。如：Bring it to me,please. Ｓ│Ｖ及物│ｏ多指人）│Ｏ（多指物） 4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 5. Who │cares? 6. What he said │does not matter. 1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 2. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 7. They │talked for half an hour. 8. The pen │writes smoothly 3.She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 4. He │denies │her │nothing.
5. I │showed │him │my pictures.6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。基本句型 五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补） 这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。 语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look 宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。 Ｓ │Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ His face │turned │red. 名词/代词宾格 + 名词The war made him a soldier. 1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner │smells │good./代词宾格名词 + 形容词New methods make the job easy.3. He │fell │in love.4. Everything │looks │different.5.He│is growing │tall and strong.名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语I often find him at work. 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money.7. Our well │has gone │dry. 名词 / 代词宾格 + 动词不定式The teacher ask the students to close the windows.
名词/代词宾格 + 分词 I saw a cat running across the road. Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ Ｏ（宾语） │ Ｃ（宾补）
1. They │appointed │him │manager. 2. They │painted │the door │green. 3. This │set │them │thinking. 4. They │found │the house │deserted. 5. What │makes │him │think so? 6. We │saw │him │out.
7. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus.
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。我们称之为：定语、状语
名词、动名词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如The ones who really want it are ourselves.
They are brother and sister. What I want to say is this. Her father is sixty-five.John is captain of the team.The poor boy was myself.
All you need do is to take a taxi from the airport.My favourite sport is swimming. 常用作连系动词：① 变成,变得：become, come, fall, get, go, grow, run, turn
口诀：好是come，坏是go;天气、外貌慢慢grow; 流水、金钱缓缓run;颜色、天气大不同turn；Get become口语化，如果要说就用它.
Come 一般表示事物由坏变好，结果是好的。如：Dreams come true.
Go一般表示事物由好变坏。It's such a hot day today that this dish has gone smelly.Grow 表示逐渐变化，强调的是缓慢变化的过程，后面往往接表示天气或外貌变化的静态形容词。如：I want to grow old with you. 英语句子(sentence)=主语+谓语（核心：主动词）英语句子成分歌
Run其主语多为能流动能消耗的东西Still water runs deep.静水深流。 英语句子八呀八大块，主谓宾表真呀真实在；补语跟着宾语表语跑， 与grow对应。
Turn多接表示颜色和天气的形容词，侧重于表达与之前大不相同。 定语同位（语）专把名词踹。状语的位置它自由自在，忽右忽左随心所欲摆。浑
The weather suddenly turned hot. In spring the trees turn green, the flowers come out. 身的毛病真呀真不少，前后乱窜它还会加塞。（RAP）
Getecome在口语表达时用得比较多，但这二者相比，become相对正式些，其主
一、主语 句子一般要有主语。
语既可以是人也可以是物。如：He got angry on hearing the news.听到这个消息，他
在简单句中，主语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式(短语) 来充当。动名
变得很生气。总之，不管英语多么“变”化多端，万“变”不离其宗。
词、动词不定式作主语时通常用 it 作形式主语。
系词be它有三，am is are ，我（I）用am，you（你）用are，is 用于他她它；单
■名词作主语English is very important. The students all love their English teacher.
数is，复数are，认真做题不出差。（否句be后not加，疑问句，be句首，句尾？
■代词They go to school by bus. Most of the students come from the countryside.
不要丢。）② 保持某种状态：Continue, keep, lie, remain, stand, stay.
■动名词作主语Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes. It?s no use regretting it.
③ 看起来，好像：Appear, look, seem.④ 感官动词：Feel, smell, sound, taste.
■动词不定式(短语)作主语To see is to believe. It is very hard to get to sleep.
四、宾语
二、谓语 谓语必须由动词充当，但动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词
宾语是行为动作的对象，一般可分为动词宾语和介词宾语，充当宾语的可以是名
不能作谓语。可作谓语的动词一般为行为动词(表动作)和连系动词(表状态)，行为
词、代词、动名词、动词不定式或整个句子。如：
动词根据其后是否可直接接宾语，又可分为及物动词和不及物动词。
I like Chinese food. I bought a ticket for Milan. I enjoyed talking to you.
■及物动词作谓语We should help each other. They respect one another.
Have you finished dressing? He certainly did not want to join them.
All of the students like the novel.Did you see many people there?
They decided to close the border.We hoped that all would come well.
■不及物动词作谓语He left here yesterday. The teacher came in, book in hand.
We expected that you would stay for a few days.
You?re driving too fast.He went abroad in the September of 1988.
“七给”一“带”to不少,“买”画“制作”for来了。
■连系动词表状态He is an excellent teacher. Her son is a friend of ours.
带双宾语的及物动词,如果把直接宾语置于间接宾语之前,必须在变换时“to”或
三、表语
“for”。这11个及物动词可以概括为下边两句话,读起来妙趣横生,效果很好
表语与连系动词连用，构成系表结构，说明主语的身份或特征，一般由形容词、
1、“七给”(give, pass, lend, write, show, send, hand)和“带”(bring)8个及物动词,在
直接宾语前置时,必须在后面加上“to”。即“vt. + sth. + to + sb.” 如:He lent some money to me.类似动词的还有get,mail,offer,owe(借），pay,promise,read,sell,take,teach 2、“buy”(买);“draw”(画);“make”(制作)三个动词,在直接宾语前置时,则必须在后边加“for”,构成“vt. + sth. + for + sb.”。Mother bought a new dress for me。类似的动词还有：build，choose, cook, cut, do, find, fix,leave,order(订购）,reach等。 3、当直接宾语是代词时，间接宾语for和to于直接宾语之后 Richard made it for him。Give it to me。
4有些动词后可单独用直接宾语、间接宾语或双宾语如ask,teach,tell,owe, pay.I asked John. I asked a question. I asked John a question.
5、 suggest,explain,introduce,mention,deliver,announce等动词后必须跟介词to,不能进行直接宾语与间接宾语的转换。Could you explain your point of view to us? =Could you explain to us your point of view?
6、 易错的动词：抢劫/偷某人某物：Rob/steal sb. sth (错误）
正确的说法：rob sb of sthsteal sb from sth.类似的cure sb of illness 治愈某人疾病 rid sb of sth 从----中除去（不好的东西 supply sb with sth 供给某人某物 provide sb with sth 给某人提供某物 accuse sb of sth 控告某人某事 cheat sb of sth 骗取某人某物 inform / advise sb of sth 通知某人某事 remind sb of sth 是某人想起某事 warn sb of sth 警告某人某情况 charge sb with sth 指责某人某事 五、定语
一、 定语：定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子，汉语中常用?……的?表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。
His father is a doctor.Mr. Green has two sons.The girl under the tree is Kate. The man downstairs couldn?t sleep well. I bought a new dictionary.
Can you find out the answer to the question？ Would you like something to drink?A barking dog seldom bites. 吠狗很少咬人。A man going to die is always kind-hearted. 人之将死，其言也善。The suggestion sent to the committee was adopted. Do you know the man who is standing next to Mr. Green?
形容词作定语：Tom is a handsome boy. There is a good boy.
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/
数词作定语相当于形容词：There are two boys in the room. Two boys need two pens.The two boys are students.
代词或名词所有格作定语：His boy needs Tom's penHis name is Tom. There are two boys of Toms there.
介词短语作定语：There are two boys of 9,and three of 10.
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours.The boy in blue is Tom.
名词作定语：The boy needs a ball pen. It is a ball pen. There is only one ball pen 副词作定语：The boy there needs a pen.The best boy here is Tom. 不定式作定语：The boy to write this letter needs a pen.。
The boy to write this letter is Tom. There is nothing to do today.
分词（短语）作定语：The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother. The pen bought by her is made in China. There are five boys left.。
定语从句：The boy you will know is Tom. There are five boys who will play the game. The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday. 六、状语：
状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须在时间状语之前；一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义应注意，如The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成?男孩喊教室里的女孩（?此时in the classroom为girl的定语），也可以理解为?男孩在教室里喊女孩（?此时in the classroom为地点状语），最好写作?In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.' 副词（短语）作状语：The boy needs a pen very much.（程度状语） The boy really needs a pen.（程度状语）
The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen.（时状）介词短语作状语：In the classroom,the boy needs a pen.（地点状语） Before his mother,Tom is always a boy.(条状)
分词（短语）作状语：He sits there,asking for a pen（表示伴随状态） Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen.（原因状语） Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./（（原因状语）
不定式作状语：The boy needs a pen to do his homework.（目的状语）
To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business. 名词作状语：Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语）
英语中的状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词，主要由副词、介词短语、动词不定式、分词充当，或由连词引导状语从句，表示时间、地点、程度、目的、方式，比较、让步、条件、原因、结果、伴随等。
(1) 时间状语I often get up at 5:30 in the morning.
Hearing the news, they felt very excited.Go along this street until you reach the end. (2) 地点状语 Pandas only live in China. You should put the book where it was. (3) 程度状语I have quite a lot of work to do.
(4) 目的状语We?ll go to the beach for a picnic this Sunday. He took some change from his pocket to buy a newspaper. She got up early so that she could catch the first bus.
(5) 方式状语We usually go to school on foot. Please do it as I told you. (6) 让步状语Though she has a lot of money, she is unhappy. No matter what happens, I will never lose heart.
(7) 条件状语If you don?t work hard, you?ll fall behind the others. Given more attention, the flowers would have grown better.
(8) 比较状语Your watch is not the same as mine. Mike is not as (so) tall as Jack. (9) 原因状语We didn?t go to the park because of the bad weather. I?m glad to meet you. Being ill, he didn?t go to school. (10) 结果状语He left early, so that he caught the train. The wind was so strong that we could hardly move forward.
(11) 伴随状语The doctor hurried off, with a medicine box under his arm. The teacher came into the classroom, followed by a group of his students. 七、宾语补足语
宾语补足语主要用来补充说明宾语，与宾语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系，可由名词、形容词、动词不定式、分词等充当。如：
Tom found the climb quite easy.Don?t be so formal. Call me Jim. I?m finished. Let?s go now. You must keep it clean.
I have the car waiting.We had the machine repaired. Why don?t you have your hair cut? He had his finger cut.
I had my watch stolen yesterday. I have a lot of work to do.
She has plenty of clothes to wear. He made me repeat the story. Rain makes plants grow. 注意：后跟名词作宾语补足语的动词有 call, name, think, make, choose 等，后跟形容词作宾语补足语的谓语动词有 keep, find, get, think, make 等。动词不定式作宾语补足语时，当谓语动词为感官动词(如 feel, see, hear, notice, watch, observe, listen to, look at 等)，使役动词(如 let, have, make 等)，动词不定式不带 to。 八、同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：We students should study hard. / (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批?学生?）We all are students. / (all是we的同位语，都指同样的?我们?）九、独立成分：有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分，称为句子独立成分(注意：区别于分词独立结构)。感叹词：oh,hello,aha,ah,等肯定词yes否定词no称呼语：称呼人的用语。插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。
如: The story,I think,has never come to the end.情态词,表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语）:perhaps也许,maybe大概,actually实际上,certainly当然，等。 十、分词独立结构：分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致! 否则应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立结构。
例：错句：Studying hard,your score will go up.正确：(1) Studying hard,you can make your score go up.或 (2)If you study hard,your score will go up.
解析：错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语，则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，既your score . 显然做study的应是人，不应是your score（分数）. 正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致( 同为you );正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了). 分词独立结构常省略being,having been.不过?There being...?的场合不能省略.如：
Game (being) over,he went home. He stands there,book (being) in hand. 独立结构还可用with、without引导，作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词，还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。如：
With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon. The teacher came in,with glasses on his nose. 句子成分练习题( 一 )
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分， 4分钟）
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.
(二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分， 10分钟）
① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. Picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. daysD. summer
③ Do you usually go to school by bus? A. Do B. usually C.go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon.
A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon
⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A.Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this.A. wantB. to tellC. youD. is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor ⑨ He is interested in music. A. is B. interested C. inD. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B.did C. whom D. book (三) 挑出下列句中的宾语（10分，10分钟）
① My brother hasn't done his homework.② People all over the world speak English. ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. ④ How many new words did you learn last class?
⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ⑦ They made him monitor of the class.
⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school.
⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is. (四) 挑出下列句中的表语（5分， 5分钟）
① The old man was feeling very tired. ② Why is he worried about Jim?
③ The leaves have turned yellow.④ Soon They all became interested in the subject. ⑤ She was the first to learn about it.
(五) 挑出下列句中的定语（6分，6分钟）
① They use Mr, Mrs with the family name.② What is your given name? ③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.
④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. ⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.
⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!
(六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语（6分， 6分钟）
① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. ② He asked her to take the boy out of school.④ They call me Lily sometimes. ③ She found it difficult to do the work. ⑤ I saw Mr Wang get on the bus. ⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? (七) 挑出下列句中的状语（8分， 8分钟）
① There was a big smile on her face.② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven. ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling too fast.
⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books.
⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.
⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. (八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语（5分， 5分钟）
① Please tell us a story.② My father bought a new bike for me last week. ③ Mr Li is going to teach us history next term.
④ Here is a pen.Give it to Tom.⑤ Did he leave any message for me? 答案 (一)① teacher ② man ③ dictionary④ To do
(二)① B② A ③ C ④ A ⑤ C ⑥ C ⑦ D ⑧ C⑨ A⑩ A
(三)①homework. ②English. ③attention ④words ⑤to go swimming ⑥ he was ill.⑦ him monitor⑧bridge museum⑨ it school. ⑩ who"Father Christmas"really is.(四)①tired.②worried ③yellow.④interested ⑤the first
(五)① family②given③third ④ some ⑤downstairs⑥ of the other shoe!
(六)①to read newspapers and books ②to take the boy ③ difficult④ Lily⑤ get on the bus ⑥ playing football
(七)① on her face. ②Every night③ when he was eleven.
④ too fast.⑤ With the medicine box under her arm⑥ because she loves books.⑦ if you?ve lost it⑧ to see the other machine.
(八)① us, 间接宾语 a story, 直接宾语② me, 间接宾语 a new bike, 直接宾语 ③ us, 间接宾语 history, 直接宾语
④ Tom, 间接宾语 it, 直接宾语 ⑤ me, 间接宾语 message, 直接宾语
篇二：高中英语句子成分分析
句子成分(Members of a Sentence)
什么叫句子成分呢？句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中，词与词之间有一定的组合关系，按照不同的关系，可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种，即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种：主语（subject）、谓语（predicate）、表语（predicative）、宾语（object）、定语（attribute）、状语(adverbial) 和补语（complement）。
英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型，是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。
英语五种基本句型列式如下： 一： Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓） 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表） 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） 五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。 3. The universe │remains.宇宙长存。
4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。 5. Who │cares? 管它呢？
6. What he said │does not matter.他所讲的没有什么关系。 7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。 8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。
基本句型 二： Ｓ Ｖ Ｐ （主＋系＋表）
此句型的句子有一个共同的特点：句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be, look, keep, seem等属一类，表示情况；get, grow, become, turn等属另一类，表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词：look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好，smell bad/难闻 Ｓ │Ｖ（是系动词）│ Ｐ
1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。 2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。 3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。 4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。 5. He │is growing │tall and strong.他长得又高又壮 6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。
7. Our well │has gone │dry.我们井干枯了。 8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。
There be 结构： There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际
基本句型 一：Ｓ Ｖ （主＋谓）
主语：可以作主语的成分有名词（如boy），主格代词（如you），动词不定式，动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家！
谓语：谓语由动词构成，是英语时态、语态变化的主角，一般在主语之后。不及物动词（vi.）没有宾语，形成主谓结构，如：We come.
此句型的句子有一个共同特点，即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。
Ｓ │ Ｖ （不及物动词）
1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。
意义，不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。此结构后跟名词，表示‘（存在）有某事物’
试比较：There is a boy there.（那儿有一个男孩。）/前一个there无实意，后一个there为副词‘那里’。
若直接宾语为人称代词：动词+ 代词直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如：Bring it to me,please.
Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ ｏ（多指人） │ Ｏ（多指物）
1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。 2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。
3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。 4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。 5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片 6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。
7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。 8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。
基本句型 三： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾）
此句型句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后，一般同主语构成一样，不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’，如：me，him，them等 Ｓ │Ｖ（及物动词）│ Ｏ
1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案？ 2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。 3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。 4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。
5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。 6. He │said │"Good morning." 他说："早上好！" 7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。 8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。
基本句型 五： Ｓ Ｖ Ｏ Ｃ （主＋谓＋宾＋宾补）
此句型的句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语，才能使意思完整。
宾语补足语：位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系，它们一起构成复合宾语。 名词/代词宾格 + 名词
The war made him a soldier./战争使他成为一名战士. 名词/代词宾格 + 形容词
New methods make the job easy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松.名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语
I often find him at work./我经常发现他在工作.名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式
The teacher ask the students to close the windows./老师让学生们关上窗
基本句型 四： Ｓ Ｖ ｏ Ｏ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾）
有些及物动词可以有两个宾语，如：give给，pass递，bring带，show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人，为间接宾语；一个指物，为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。 一般的顺序为：动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如：Give me a cup of tea,please.
强调间接宾语顺序为：动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如： Show this house to Mr.Smith.
名词/代词宾格 + 分词
I saw a cat running across the road./我看见一只猫跑过了马路. Ｓ │Ｖ（及物）│ Ｏ（宾语） │ Ｃ（宾补）
1. They │appointed │him │manager. 他们任命他当经理。 2. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色 3. This │set │them │thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。
4. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。 5. What │makes │him │think so? 他怎么会这样想？ 6. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去
7. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。 8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。
但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短，这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外，通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语（modifier）而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词（主要是形容词、副词和数词），也可以是各种类型的短语（主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语）。我们称之为：定语、状语
小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。
Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。 There is a good boy./有个乖男孩。 数词作定语相当于形容词：
Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。 The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生。 There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。代词或名词所有格作定语：
His boy needs Tom's pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。 His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。
There are two boys of Toms there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。介词短语作定语：
The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。
The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。
There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的，三个10岁的男孩。名词作定语：
The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。 It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔。
There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。副词作定语：
The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。 The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。不定式作定语：
The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。 The boy to write this letter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。
一、 定语：定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句
子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时，（如：something、nothing）；或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时，则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。 形容词作定语：
The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy；blue修饰名词pen.）/
There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。分词（短语）作定语：
The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。
The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的。 There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。定语从句：
The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。
The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。
There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个。
The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。（宾语较长则状语前置）
The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。（程度状语） The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。（时间状语）
介词短语作状语：In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里，男孩需要一支钢笔。（地点状语）
Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语)
On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)分词（短语）作状语：
He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。（表示伴随状态） Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业，男孩需要一支笔。（原因状语）
Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./（因为）受了惊吓，他无声地坐在那儿。（原因状语）不定式作状语：
The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。（目的状语）
To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣.名词作状语：
Come this way!/走这条路！（方向状语）状语从句：
时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状
二、状语：状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句，说明方式、因果、
条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。
状语在句子中的位置很灵活，常见情况为：通常在句子基本结构之后，强调时放在句首；修饰形容词或副词时，通常位于被修饰的词之前；表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头，强调时放在句首，地点状语一般须在时间状语之前；一些表示不确定时间（如：often）或程度（如：almost）的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，动词之前。
有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义，应注意，如：The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘（此时in the classroom为girl的定语），也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’（此时in the classroom为地点状语），最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.'
副词（短语）作状语：
The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。（程度状语）
语从句
、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句
解析：错句中分词studying没有自带逻辑主语，则其逻辑主语就是句子的主语，既your score . 显然做study的应是人，不应是your score（分数）. 正确句(1)更正了句子的主语,使其与分词逻辑主语一致( 同为you );正确句(2)则使用条件分句带出study的主语,(不过已经不是分词结构了). 分词独立结构常省略being,having been.不过‘There being...’的场合不能省略. 如：
Game (being) over,he went home.
He stands there,book (being) in hand. 独立结构还可用with、without引导，作状语或定语。这种结构不但可以用分词，还可以用不定式、形容词、介词短语、副词或名词等。 如：
With nothing to do,he fell asleep soon./无事可做，他很快就睡着了。 The teacher came in,with glasses on his nose./老师进来了，戴着一付眼镜。（注意，此句on his nose不可省略！）
三、同位语：同位语是在名词或代词之后并列名词或代词对前者加
以说明的成分，近乎于后置定语。如：
We students should study hard. / (students是we的同位语，都是指同一批‘学生’）
We all are students. / (all是we的同位语，都指同样的‘我们’）
四、独立成分：有时句子中会有一些与句子没有语法联系的成分，
称为句子独立成分(注意：区别于分词独立结构)。 感叹词：oh,hello,aha,ah,等。 肯定词yes 否定词no
称呼语：称呼人的用语。
插入语：一些句中插入的 I think , I believe,等。
如: The story,I think,has never come to the end./我相信,这个故事还远没结束.
情态词,表示说话人的语气（多作为修饰全句的状语）:perhaps也许,maybe大概,acturely实际上,certainly当然，等。
句子成分练习题( 一 )
(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词（4分， 4分钟）
① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here.
③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year.
④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult. (二) 选出句中谓语的中心词（10分， 10分钟） ① I don't like the picture on the wall.
A. don'tB. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longerC. daysD. summer
五、分词独立结构：分词作状语时其逻辑主语与句子的主语一致!
否则应有自己的逻辑主语，构成分词独立结构。 例：
错句：Studying hard,your score will go up.
正确：(1) Studying hard,you can make your score go up. 或 (2)If you study hard,your score will go up.
篇三：高一英语句子成分分析
高中英语学习从这里开始
一、认识初高中英语的区别：
即将开始的高中学习生活，特别是英语的学习是与初中阶段有着很大不同：
1.课本编排上的区别：初中的每一个单元是分为4课的，每篇中有的是对话，有的是阅读文，也配有一些练习。
而高中的每个单元并不分课，而是基本上按版块划分，大体为“Warming up”（热身），然后为“listening”（听力）和“speaking”（说）， “Reading”（阅读）。
2. 在词汇上的区别：高中词汇比初中词汇近成三倍的增加，对词性变化、用法及搭配的考查增强。
3. 在所学语法上的区别：在初中阶段我们把基础的语法内容已经学习过了，而在高中我们要学习的是更深更高层次的语法。如定语从句，非谓语动词、名词性从句，倒装结构、虚拟语气等等，高中阶段的学习会比之前的所学内容复杂得多，所以我们要充分利用暑假把之前的漏洞弥补好，在后面的学习中，我们也会一起与大家重温这些知识并将之与高中内容做一对比，为大家步入高中学习打好基础。
4. 在课堂
要求上的区别：大部分的初中对学生的要求还是比较严格的，而这种严格与小学又是不同的，所以有一部分自觉性差的学生就被分化出来，在稍微宽松的环境中，对自己要求降低导致了滑坡的出现，而升入高中后又会有新的变化，对于自律要求就更加明显了。如果你是按照老师要求做的学生，那么在高中除了把基本要求做好之外，自己一定不可放松，适当增加课外阅读及一些课外习题是有必要的；如果你是不太自觉的学生，那么你要努力改掉自己的毛病，除了完成要求交给老师的作业，那些如读、背等要求也要认真完成才能使自己的高中英语学习逐步走上轨道。不管你属于哪一种，都要持之以恒，千万不可因为任何原因而放松对自己的要求，即便是你已取得了一定成绩，也没有理由沾沾自喜。
5. 在考试评估制度上的区别：这一区别可能是影响最大的一点，我们许多同学初中英语一直较差的原因在很大程度上是由于初中这种不正常的考试制度，很多人认为英语不用下功夫学，反正最后背背答案就可过关，这样成绩不错，学得也很轻松。一旦抱有这种想法，初中这个重要的打基础的阶段就被荒废过去了，这对我们升入高中后的英语学习是极为不利的，这就好比是建造没有基础的空中楼阁，肯定会感到很难，很吃力。进入高中之后我们的考试是没有范围的，不能靠背答案过关，而且所学所考的内容应该都是向高考看齐的，难度肯定不小，但同学们也不要害怕，只要认真努力，坚持不懈，做好充分迎接失败的心理准备，然后在每次经历中吸取经验，一点点地弥补自己的不足，肯定会取得很好的成绩。
二、从“跟着学”到“主动学”——养成良好的学习习惯
1.使用工具书的习惯。选择一本英汉双解词典做自己的良师益友,遇到词汇方面的疑问不被动地等待教师解答,学会自己查字典。同时,自备一本好的英语语法工具书,养成经常翻阅的习惯,在口、笔头实践中使学生有意识地运用所学的语法知识,正确地理解语言和运用语言。
2.预习的习惯。初中英语教师对预习要求,初中生对预习也不陌生。但到高中,随着英语课文篇幅的加长,内容增多,难度加大,如果没有搞好预习就适应不了课堂的教学进程。
3.朗读的习惯。外语不光是文字,它首先是语言。语言是要讲要读的。而我们学外语又缺少环境,所以朗读是很必要的。朗读既可以练口语,又可以帮助记忆。因此要求学生能开口读,养成朗读的习惯。
4.学会做笔记。在做笔记时,要分清课堂内容的主次地位,采取“有重点、有选择”的记录原则,着重记本节课的重点和难点内容。另外,要注意对笔记不断进行系统化整理。英语知识极其丰富,但十分零散琐碎,这就需要我们借助笔记把有关知识归纳综合,系统起来。
5.复习的习惯。
(1)每上完一堂课,及早抽出一定时间整理笔记,把当天上课的内容在脑子中过一遍,以加深印象。
(2)上完一篇课文,尽量能背诵全文或能复述大意。
(3)落实文中重点词、词组、句型和语法的用法,要求能举一反三,灵活应用,多做造句练习。
(4)学会自己分析试卷,找出自己学习上的缺陷,制订弥补学习漏洞的措施。
(5)要求备一本“错题集”,每次考试后勤做错题积累工作,对每次练习、作业、考试中出现的错误都要及时认真地进行整理,把错误原因弄明白,以免下次再出同样的错误;同时提高改错的目的性和自觉性。这样,学习中的每一个问题就会及时得以解决,学习就会步步顺利。
一、句子成分
（一）句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。
（二）主语：主语是一个句子所叙述的主体，一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句（当主语不疑问词时）和倒装句中，主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。
例：划出下列句子的主语，并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。
1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.（ ）
2. We often speak English in class.（ ）
3. One-third of the students in this class are girls.（）
4. To swim in the river is a great pleasure.（ ）
5. Smoking does harm to the health.（ ）
6. The rich should help the poor.（ ）
7. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.（ ）
8. It is necessary to master a foreign language.（ ）
（三）谓语：谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：
1、简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成。
如：He practices running every morning.
2、复合谓语： （1）由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。
如：You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold.
（四）表语：表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。例如：
例：划出下列句子的表语，并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。
1. Our teacher of English is an American.（ ）
2. Is it yours?（ ）
3. The weather has turned cold.（ ）
4. The speech is exciting.（ ）
5. Three times seven is twenty one?（）
6. His job is to teach English.（ ）
7. His hobby（爱好）is playing football.（）
8. The machine must be out of order.（ ）
9. Time is up. The class is over.（）
10. The truth is that he has never been abroad.（）
（五）宾语：宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者，一般位于及物动词和介词后面。
例：划出下列句子的宾语，并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。
1. They went to see an exhibition（展览）yesterday.（ ）
2. The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.（）
3. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.（ ）
4. They helped the old with their housework yesterday.（ ）
5. He pretended not to see me.（ ）
6. I enjoy listening to popular music.（ ）
7. I think（that）he is fit for his office.（）
宾语种类：（1）双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语），
例如：Lend me your dictionary, please.
（2）复合宾语（宾语+宾补），例如：They elected him their monitor.
（六）宾语补足语：英语中有些及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个宾语补语，才能使句子的意义完整。带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。
例：划出下列句子的宾语补足语，并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。
1. His father named him Dongming.（）
2. They painted their boat white.（）
3. Let the fresh air in.（ ）
4. You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.（ ）
5. We saw her entering the room.（）
6. We found everything in the lab in good order.（ ）
7. We will soon make our city what your city is now.（ ）
（七）定语：修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。定语可由以下等成分表示：
例：划出下列句子的定语，并在括号内写出它的词性或充当的是什么从句。
1. Guilin is a beautiful city.（ ）
2. China is a developing country; America is a developed country.（ ）
3. There are thirty women teachers is our school.（ ）
4. His rapid progress in English made us surprised.（ ）
5. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.（）
6. The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.（）
7. He is reading an article about how to learn English.（）
（八）状语：修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫做状语。可由以下形式表示：
Light travels most quickly.（副词及副词性词组）
He has lived in the city for ten years.（介词短语）
He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.（不定式短语）
He is in the room making a model plane.（分词短语）
Wait a minute.（名词）
Once you begin, you must continue.（状语从句）
在括号内写出下列状语种类：
How about meeting again at six?（）
Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.（ ） I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.（）
Mr Smith lives on the third floor.（ ）
She put the eggs into the basket with great care.（ ）
She came in with a dictionary in her hand.（ ）
In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.（） He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.（ ）
She works very hard though she is old.（ ）
I am taller than he is.（）
二、简单句、并列句和复合句
（一）句子种类两种分类法
1、按句子的用途可分四种：
1）陈述句（肯定、否定）：He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before.
2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）：
Do they like skating? How old is he?
Is he six or seven years old?
Mary can swim, can’t she?
3）祈使句：Be careful, boys.
Don’t talk in class.
4）感叹句：How clever the boy is!
2、按句子的结构可分三种：
1）简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.
Tom and Mike are American boys.
She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.
2) 并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
e.g. You help him and he helps you.
The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。
3）复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。
复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）、定语从句和状语从句等。
判断出下列句子是什么从句
1. ________从句： what he said is right.
2. ________从句: I don’t know when he will leave.
3. ________从句: The question is whether he will come.
4. _______从句： I know the fact that he is married.
5. _______从句：The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.
6. _______从句：I didn’t go to bed until I finished my homework.
7. _______从句：If it is fine tomorrow, we will go swimming.
（二）简单句的五种基本句型
1、主语+系动词+表语：e.g. He is a student.
2、主语+不及物动词：e.g. We work.
3、主语+及物动词+宾语：e.g. Hey bought a dictionary.
4、主语+及物动词+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语）：e.g. My father bought me a car.
5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语（宾语+宾补）：e.g. Tom made the baby laugh.
注：其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。
（三）并列句的分类
1、表示连接两个同等概念，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接。e.g. The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.
2、表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。
e.g. Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.
3、表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。
e.g. He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
4、表示因果关系，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。
e.g. August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.
Module five:法场点兵
一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分： 1. The students got on the school bus. 2. He handed me the newspaper. 3. I shall answer your question after class. 4. What a beautiful Chinese painting! 5. They went hunting together early in the morning. 6. His job is to train swimmers. 7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing. 8. There is going to be an American film tonight. 9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow. 10. His wish is to become a scientist. 11. He managed to finish the work in time. 12. Tom came to ask me for advice. 13. He found it important to master English. 14. Do you have anything else to say?
（一）各档评分标准：见考纲
（二）初中英语写作六要素
一、审题要清
看到考题后，先不要急于动笔，要仔细看清题目要求的内容。在自己的头脑中构思出一个框架或画面，确定短文的中心思想，不要匆匆下笔，看懂题意，根据提供的资料和信息来审题。审题要审格式、体裁、人物关系、故事情节、主体时态、活动时间、地点等。
二、要点明确
要点是给分的一个重要因素。为了防止写作过程中遗漏要点，同学们要充分发挥自己的观察力，把情景中给出的各个要点逐一罗列出。
三、列出提纲
为写作做好准备。根据文章要点短文的中心思想将主要句型、关键词语记下，形成提纲。
四、写顺全文
写短文时要做到五个方面：
1.避免使用汉语式英语，尽量使用自己熟悉的句型。
2.段落分明，层次清晰，文章宁可平平淡淡，也不要漏洞百出。
3.多用简单句型，记事、写人一般都不需要复杂的句型。可适当多使用陈述句、一般疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。不用或少用非谓语或独立主格结构等复杂的句型。
4.注意语法、句法知识的灵活运用。语态、时态要准确无误;主谓语要一致，主语的人称和数要和谓语一致；注意冠词用法，例如：It takes Tom half an hour to go to school by bus.中的an不能写成a；注意拼写，例如：fourteen，forty，ninth等不要写成forteen，fourty，nineth等;注意标点符号和大小写。
5.描写人物时，要生动具体，可以选择使用下列词汇，例如：外形：tall，short，fat，thin，strong，weak，pretty等；颜色：red,yellow，blue，white，green，brown，black等；心情：glad，happy，sad，excited，anxious，interested等；情感：love，like，hate，feel，laugh，cry，smile，shout等。
6.上下文要连贯。同学们应把写好的句子，根据故事情节，事情发生的先后次序(时间或空间)，使用一些表示并列、递进等过渡词进行加工整理，使文章连贯、自然、流畅。同学们应注意下面过渡的用法：并列关系：and,as well as,or；转折关系：but,yet,however；时间关系：when,while,after,before,then,after that；因果关系：so，there-fore，asaresult；目的：in order to，in order that，so as to,so that；列举：for example ,such as；总结性：in general,in all,in a word,generally speaking
五、没有病句
中考作文时，由于时间紧、内容多，同学们出错在所难免。因此，改错这一环节必不可少。中考作文评卷是根据要点、语言准确性、上下文的连贯性来给分，根据错误多少来扣分。因此中考时花几分钟时间用来检查错误显得尤为重要。检查错误应从以下几个方面入手：
(1)看字数是否达到要求，看有无遗漏要点。
(2)看文体格式是否正确规范。
(3)看有无语法或用词上的错误。
(4)看单词拼写、字母大小写是否有错，标点符号有无遗漏或用错等等。
(5)注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致。
六、先打草稿
考试中，书面表达应做到先打草稿，写完后多读几遍，检查是否有误，然后再抄到试卷上，注意字迹要工整，不涂、不画、不勾不抹，避免不必要的扣分。
（三）各种题型的框架
一、阐述主题题型
要求从一句话或一个主题出发，按照提纲的要求进行论述．
１． 阐述名言或主题所蕴涵的意义．2． 分析并举例使其更充实．
二、解决方法题型
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
１． 问题现状 2． 怎样解决（解决方案的优缺点）
In recent days， we have to face I problem-----A， which is becoming more and more serious. First， ------------（说明Ａ的现状）．Second， ---------------（举例进一步说明现状）
Confronted with A， we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing， ---------------（解决方法一）。 For another -------------（解决方法二）。 Finally， -------------（解决方法三）。 Personally， I believe that -------------（我的解决方法）。 Consequently， I’m confident that a bright future is waiting for us because --------------（带来的好处）。
三、说明利弊题型
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）
１.说明事物现状 ２.事物本身的优缺点（或一方面） ３.你对现状（或前景）的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a significant role in our daily life. Generally， its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------（Ａ的优点之一）。 Besides -------------------（Ａ的优点之二）。
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------（Ａ的第一个缺点）．To make matters worse，------------------（Ａ的第二个缺点）．
Through the above analysis， I believe that the positive aspects overweigh the negative ones. Therefore，I would like to ---------------（我的看法）．（From the comparison between these positive and negative effects of A， we should take it reasonably and do it according to the circumstances we are in. Only by this way， ---------------（对前景的预测）．）
四、议论文的框架
（1） 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place， ___原因一_______.Furthermore， in the second place， ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____.
People， however， differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二_______. In their point of view， on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand， ____原因二_____. Therefore， there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that __观点一或二______. It is not only because ________， but also because _________. The more _______， the more ________.
（2）利弊型的议论文
Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）___作文题目______. In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题_____. Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes， “every coin has two sides”， __讨论议题______ is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with， ___缺点一______. In addition， ____缺点二______.
To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题____ into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
五、图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table（graph/picture/pie/chart）， ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease （goesup/increases/drops/decreases），significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart， it goes without saying that ________.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______. On the one hand， ________. On the other hand， _______ is due to the fact that ________. In addition， ________ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ________. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.
As far as I am concerned， I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion
is both sound and well-grounded.
六、现象说明文（新中国成立以来发生了翻天覆地的变化，）
Recently _______，what amazes us most is______________，it is true that__________.
There are many reasons explaining__________________________.The main reason is____________________.
what is more_________________________.thirdly__________________________.As a result_______________.
Considering all there，________________________.For one thing_____________________，for another________
____.In Conclusion____________________.
七、说明原因型
Currently，XX has been the order of the day .This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than XX 。
It is clear that （1）。 If you （ 2 ）， as a result，your dreams will come true. On the contrary， if you （ 3）, failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that （4 ）. You don’t have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know （ 5 ）. It will exert a profound influence upon （6）. With reference to my standpoint, I think （7）。
（四）常见文体的模板 一、英语书信的常见写作模板
开头部分：
How nice to hear from you again. Let me tell you something about the activity.
I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th.
I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit.
I’m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.
结尾部分：
With best wishes.I’m looking forward to your reply. I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
二、口头通知常见写作模板呼语及开场白部分：
Ladies and gentlemen， May I have your attention， please？ I have an announcement to make.
正文部分：
All the teachers and students are required to attend it. Please take your notebooks and make notes. Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups.
Please come on time and don’t be late.
结束语部分：
Please come and join in it. Everybody is welcome to attend it.
I hope you’ll have a nice time here. That’s all. Thank you.
三、议论文模板
1.正反观点式议论文模板
导入：
第1段：Recently we’ve had a discussion about whether we should.。. （导入话题）
Our opinions are divided on this topic.（观点有分歧）
正文：
第2段：Most of the students are in favour of it.（正方观点）
Here are the reasons. First.。. Second.。. Finally.。.（列出2~3个赞成的理由）
第3段：However， the others are strongly against it. （反方观点）
Their reasons are as follows. In the first place.。. What’s more.。. In addition.。.（列出2~3个反对的理由） 结论：
第4段：Personally speaking， the advantages overweigh the disadvantages， for it will do us more harm than good， so I support it.（个人观点）
2.“A或者B”类议论文模板：
导入：
第1段：Some people hold the opinion that A is superior to B in many ways. Others， however， argue that B is much better. Personally， I would prefer A because I think A has more advantages.
正文：
第2段：There are many reasons why I prefer A. The main reason is that 。.. Another reason is that.。.（赞同A的原因）
第3段： Of course， B also has advantages to some extent.。. （列出1~2个B的优势）
结论：
第4段： But if all these factors are considered， A is much better than B. From what has been discussed above， we may finally draw the conclusion that 。..（得出结论） オ
3.观点论述类议论文模板：
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某个决定作为议论的话题
As a student， I am strongly in favour of the decision. （亮明自己的观点是赞成还是反对）
The reasons for this may be listed as follows. （过渡句，承上启下）
正文：
第2段：First of all.。. Secondly.。. Besides.。.（列出2~3个赞成或反对的理由）
结论：
第3段：In conclusion， I believe that.。. （照应第1段，构成“总—分—总”结构）
4.“How to”类议论文模板：
导入：
第1段：提出一种现象或某种困难作为议论的话题
正文：
第2段：Many ways can help to solve this serious problem， but the following may be most effective. First of all.。. Another way to solve the problem is 。.. Finally.。.（列出2~3个解决此类问题的办法）
结论：
篇二：最新英语作文万能开头句或背景句
开头句式背景句:
1.There is no consensus of opinions among people as to … some people tend to have a favorable attitude toward…While, others have an unpleasant
association with…
2. Recently, the issue of ...... has been brought into public focus.
近来，_______的问题引起了社会的广泛关注。
3. Recently the issue of (whether …or not） has been in the limelight（成为引人注目的中心） and has aroused wide concern in the public.
近来，是否_______的问题已经非常明确而且引起了社会的广泛关注。
4. Along with the advance of the society more and more problems are brought to our attention, one of which is ....
随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是____________。
5. Now we are entering a brand new era full of opportunities and innovations, and great changes have taken place in people's attitude towards some traditional practice.
现在我们进入了一个充满机遇和创新的崭新时代，很多人对某些传统的看法也发生了很大改变。
6.______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
______已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
7.In no country other than China, it has been said, is the problem of ____more serious.
中间句式过渡句:
1. 我们中的大多数，已经形成了不同的印象... ... 但是有些人认为他们是有益的，而另一些持相反意见。
Most of us ，however，have formed a different picture of…some people think they are beneficial, while others hold the opposite view.
2.And we rarely reach an absolute consensus on such a controversial issue. 对于这种极具争议的话题，我们很难作出绝对的回答。
3.People from different backgrounds would put different interpretations on the same case.
不同行业的人对同一种问题的解释不尽相同。
4. harbor the idea that,
take the attitude that,
hold the view that, 认为
5.Some people take the attitude that …can produce positive effects on us
6.Those who have already benefited from practicing it sing high praise of it. First of all …Furthermore …What’s more …
7.The other side of the picture is quite the opposite.
8.Others harbor the idea that, …may bring about negative impacts on us. Those who strongly disapprove of ... have cogent reasons for it.
For one thing ,
For another,
9. There are some factors leading to this problem.
10. A number of factors are responsible for this problem.
11. 许多因素可以解释的问题，但下面是最关键的
A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following are the most critical ones.
结尾句式总结句:
1.Perhaps there is an element of truth in both these pictures.
2.As far as I am concerned, I am inclined to be on the side of the former view. 在我看来，我较同意前一种观点。
3.After a thorough consideration, for my part, I am in favor of the former view. 经过深思熟虑，我较支持前一种看法
4. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.
5. For one thing, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban/reduce…
6. For one thing, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to ban/reduce…
For another, the public should enhance their awareness of the importance of ….
With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to believe that the problem will be solved in the near future.
7. 总而言之，我们离不开_______但是同时我们必须尽力找出解决可能出现问题的新办法。
All in all, we cannot live without_______. But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
8总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注_______问题。只有这样，我们才能_______ In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______. Only in this way can _________ in future.
篇三：英语作文中常用的句子
英语作文常用的句子
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。
Never think yourself above business.勿自视过高;不要眼高手低;永远不要认为自己是大才小用。
Life is measured by thought and action, not by time. 衡量生命的尺度是思想和行为，而不是时间。
It pays to help others. 帮助别人是值得的。
It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
He that thinks his business below him will always be above his business.自命大才小用，往往眼高手低。
Business may be troublesome,but idleness is pernicious.事业虽扰人，懒惰害更大。
We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
We should bring home to people the value of working hard.我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
Time tries truth.时间检验真理。
Time past cannot be called back again.光阴一去不复返。
Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。
There is no one but longs to go to college.人们都希望上大学。
The progress of thee society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
The great use of life is to spend it for something that overlasts it.生命的最大用处是将它用于能比生命更长久的事物上。
Taking exercise is closely related to health.做运动与健康息息相关。
Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing
sports.既然考试迫在眉睫，我不得不放弃作运动。
On no account can we ignore the value of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
No man is useless in this world who lightens the burden of someone else. 在这个世界上能为别人减轻负担的人都是有用的。
英语写作万能句子
Constant dropping wears the stone.滴水穿石。
Business neglected is business lost.忽视职业便是放弃职业。
Business makes a man as well as tries him. 事业可以考验人，也可以造就人。
Business is the salt of life.事业是生命之盐。
Business before pleasure.事业在先，享乐在后。
Better late than never.迟做总比不做好;晚来总比不来好。
An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won’t create any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。
Time is money.一寸光阴一寸金。
Time flies.时光易逝。
Time and tide wait for no man.岁月无情;岁月易逝;岁月不待人。
The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读得越多，我们越有学问。
The harder you work, the more progress you make.你越努力，你越进步。
So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵，我们不能浪费它。
Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家很富有，但是我们的生活质量却令人很不满意。
Misfortunes never come alone/single.祸不单行。 Good company on the road is the shortest cut.行路有良伴就是捷径。 促进经济和社会发展 to promote economic 对健康有好处 make for good health 对健康有危害 a hazard to health 破坏环境、污染环境 poisoning the environment 环境保护 protect the environment 浪费时间、浪费金钱、浪费精力 a waste of money,time and energy 促进学习 facilitating learning 影响学习 influnce one's study 提高自身水平 upgrade oneself 反对
赞成 in favor of 高考英语8分作文段首句 1. 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为 there are different opinions among people as to ____ .some people suggest that ____. 2. 俗话说(常言道)，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天， 它在许多场合仍然适用。 there is an old saying______. its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today. 3. 现在，，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，; 其次，。更为糟糕的是。 today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. first, ____ second,____. what makes things worse is that______. 4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外(而且) 。 nowadays，it is common to ______. many people like ______ because ______. besides，______. 5. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不
everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 6. 关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)，在他们看 来， people’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. some people say that ______.to them,_____. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。 它既有有利的一面，也有不 利的一面。everything has two sides and() is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages. 已成为人的关注的热门话题， 特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈 的辩论。() has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way. 在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用 它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重 的问题。() has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but
篇四：高考英语作文必背万能句
（一）段首句
1. 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说（常言道），它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，；其次，。更为糟糕的是。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）。 Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6. 关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说），在他们看来，People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.
8. 已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9. 在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出。很显然，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while. Obviously，______，but why
（二）中间段落句
1. 相反，有一些人赞成，他们相信，而且，他们认为。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.
2. 但是，我认为这不是解决的好方法，比如。最糟糕的是。 But I don"t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.
3. 对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，。而且，最重要的是______is necessary and important to our country"s development and construction. First，______.What"s more, _____.Most important of all,______.
4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
5. 面临，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来。一方面，另一方面，
Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another，______
6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说，另外。所有这些方法肯定会。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.
7. 为什么？第一个原因是；第二个原因是；第三个原因是。总的来说，的主要原因是由于Why______The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.
8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，也有它的不利的一面，象。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______.
9. 尽管如此，我相信更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.
10. 完全同意这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
（三）结尾句
1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
3. 但是，和都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，，而。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4. 就我个人而言，我相信，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I'm confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
5. 随着社会的发展，。因此，迫切需要。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为更合理。只有这样，我们才能For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____.
7. 对我来说，我认为有必要。原因如下：第一，； 第二，；最后但同样重要的是In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.
8. 在总体上很难说是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现。 It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______.
9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.
10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.
阅卷老师提醒：高考作文临考应急措施十五项
临场作文常发生意外的情况，对此有一个心理准备，掌握一些应急措施很有现实意义。
问题一：看到作文题目心里就发慌
措施：1、保持心理平衡 2、闭目养神做个深呼吸，让全身放松，冲淡紧张情绪 3、反复默念考试题目，及时记下头脑中迸也的思维火花。 问题二：担心跑题，心里没底
措施：1、将话题背景材料，内容要点一一进行分解 2、把题目中暗示的内容补充出来 3、确定哪些要点是主要的 4、将话题关键词语扩展成一个判断句，以此为作文中心 5、在作文中反复出 现话题中心词
问题三：一时不知如何拟题
措施：1、从话题材料中找一个关键词或关键句作为标题，最好是能反映材料的主旨的 2、用文章的观点作标题，语言要简洁3、暂定一个题目，等文章写好后再做修改 4、用切合文章主题的诗文名句做标题
问题四：不知选择哪一种文体
措施：1、选择自己最擅长的文体 2、选择自己有材料储备的文体 3、平等条件下优先考虑记叙文
问题五：难以开头
措施：1、记叙文从悬念起笔 2、议论文从观点起笔 3、从简明材料引述中起笔4、用设问引出话题起笔
问题六：找不到所需要的材料
措施：1、从课本中找材料，特别是语文、历史、政治等人文学科 2、从最近看到的电视、听到的新闻中找材料 3、从家庭生活中找材料4、从身边生活中找材料 5、从语文教材中找材料6、从眼前的语文试卷中找材料 问题七：想所创新，怕出差错
措施：1、选择新鲜材料，给评卷老师以创新感2、选择与众不同的表现形式。如日记、书信、小小说等 3、换一个角度思考。一般人总是从正面表现话题主旨，你可以试着从侧面出击 4、从一个新的角度引述分析材料 5、表述同一个意思，如果换一种廉洁，可以增添新意
问题八：不知语言如何出彩
措施：1、采用短句子，句子过长容易拖沓，并且容易产生语病，短句显得
精炼2、多用修辞句，比喻、拟人、排比、对偶、反问、综合使用最好3、多用对称句。注意骈散结合，显示抑扬顿挫4、多用流行语。流行语活在广大群众的口语中，有亲切感，新鲜活泼5、多引格言警句。名人名言、格言警句，经过反复锤练，具有哲理性 6、多引古诗词7、多用典故8、多用描写。在记叙文中描写句多，语言就富有形象感，就会显得生动，有文学味道 9、多用抒情句
问题九：担心说理绝对，不深刻
措施：1、用一分为二的观点看问题，既看到事物的这一面，又看到事物的那一面。在肯定某一观点时，兼及一下其他角度上的看法，附带一笔，注意不要自相矛盾 2、用联系的观点看世界上复杂的事物，用因果分析的方法来讲述道理 3、用发展的眼光去推测事物发展的未来。这件事发展下去会产生什么结果，以这种结果来显示看问题的预见性和深刻性4、用哲理性语言揭示主旨，显示主题的深刻性
问题十：写到一半时想换一种写法
措施：1、保留原有内容巧妙过渡2、写议论文，想改写成记叙文，把议论文字转换为人物和心理活动或演讲、报告的内容，在关键之处加入适当的语言3、写记叙文想改为议论文，以记叙材料为论据，把记叙内容转换为社会现象
问题十一：害怕写到中途卡壳
措施：1、在草稿纸上列一个简单的提纲2、确定好几个领起全文的关键词语或关键句 3、对提纲和关键句进行修改
问题十二：作文题和以前读过的范文内容相似或相同，想借用又不敢用 措施：1、弄清楚考题与范文题目的裨是否相同，不能机械地套用 2、注意范文的时代背景和考题要求的差异 3、不拘泥范文，可借鉴形式、构思方式、语言表达技巧、关键句等，如果想借鉴故事情节，一定注意对原故事进行加工、改造，以免被判为抄袭。
问题十三：文章要结束了，字数还不够
措施：1、从另一个角度写一段，这一角度的内容不能画蛇添足，要围绕中心(主旨)进行 2、对前文内容再进行挖掘或归纳。挖掘和归纳具有揭示文章主旨和总结全文意义3、适当引用名言、歌词、诗赋等，为文章添彩 问题十四：做完基础题，时间不多，作文想写快一点
篇五：高考英语作文万能句子
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that… 把所有这些因素加以考虑,我们自然会得出结论……
Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that … 考虑所有这些因素,我们可能会得出合理的结论……
Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that …
因此,我们最好得出这样的结论……
There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits. 毫无疑问,跳槽有优点也有缺点.
All in all, we cannot live without … But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
总之,我们没有…是无法生活的.但同时,我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题.
高考英语作文万能句子
引出话题句子
Recently, the problem of … has aroused people’s concern. 最近，……问题已引起人们的关注.
The Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well. 互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些严重的问题。
Nowadays, (overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face. 如今，(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。
It is commonly believed that … / It is a common belief that … 人们一般认为…… Many people insist that … 很多人坚持认为……
With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that… 随
着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为……
A lot of people seem to think that … 很多人似乎认为……
引出观点句子
People’s views on … vary from person to person. Some hold that …. However, others believe that….人们对……的观点因人而异。有些人认为……，然而其他人却认为…… People may have different opinions on …人们对……可能会有不同的见解。
Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。 There are different opinions among people as to …关于……，人们的观点大不相同。 Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure). 对(失败)人们的态度各不相同。 结尾万能
Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that… 把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论……
Taking into account all these factors, we may reasonably come to the conclusion that … 考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论……
Hence/Therefore, we’d better come to the conclusion that … 因此，我们最好得出这样的结论……
There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits. 毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。
All in all, we cannot live without … But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
总之，我们没有…是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。
提出建议万能句
It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。
It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of … 该是采纳……的建议，并对……的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。
There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of … 毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够的重视。
Obviously, … If we want to do something … , it is essential that … 显然，如果我们想做某事，很重要的是…
Only in this way can we … 只有这样，我们才能……
It must be realized that …我们必须意识到……
预示后果万能句
Obviously, if we don’t control the problem, the chances are that … will lead us in danger.
很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题,很有可能我们会陷入危险。
No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that … 毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，很可能会……
It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. 很紧迫的是，应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展。
论证万能句
From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. 在我看来，支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理。
I cannot entirely agree with the idea that …我无法完全同意这一观点……
Personally, I am standing on the side of …就个人而言，我站在……的一边。
I sincerely believe that …我真诚地相信……
In my opinion, it is more advisable to do … than to do …. 在我个人看来，做……比做……更明智。
Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why …
给出原因万能句
This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, … 这一现象的存在是有许多原因的。首先，……;第二，……;第三，……
Why did …For one thing
篇六：高考英文作文万能开头结尾句
1) 表示并列关系的过渡词：and, as well as, or …
2) 表示转折关系的过渡词：but, yet, however …
3) 表示时间关系的过渡词：first, second, third, and then, finally, after, before, after a few days, at last, at that time, later, in the past, immediately, in the meanwhile, when, while, then, after that …
4) 表示空间关系的过渡词：near (to), far (from), in the front of, beside, behind, beyond, above, below, to the right, to the left, on one side, on the other side of, outside …
5) 表示比较关系的过渡词：in the same way, just like, just as …
6) 表示对照关系的过渡词：but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, in spite of, even though …
7) 表示递进关系的过渡词： also, and, then, too, in addition, moreover, again …
8) 表示因果关系的过渡词：because, since, then, thus, otherwise, so, therefore ,as a result…
9) 表示解释说明的过渡词：for example, in fact, in this case, for, actually …
10) 表示强调的过渡词：in fact, indeed, necessarily, certainly, without any doubt, truly, most important …
11) 表示目的的过渡词：for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, so as to, in order to, …
12) 表示列举的过渡词：for example , such as …
13) 表示总结性的过渡词：in conclusion, finally, at last, in brief, as has been stated, in a word, in general, in all, in a word, generally speaking …
高考英语作文万能句子：开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned 就……而言
2.It goes without saying that... 不言而喻，...
3.It can be said with certainty that... 可以肯定地说......
4.As the proverb says， 正如谚语所说的，
5.It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，...
6.It's generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
7.It's likely that ... 这可能是因为...
8.It's hardly that... 这是很难的......
9.It's hardly too much to say that... 它几乎没有太多的说…
10.What calls for special attention is that...需要特别注意的是
11.There's no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认
12.Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…
13.what's far more important is that... 更重要的是…
高考英语作文万能句子：结尾句型
1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信…
3.All things considered,总而言之 It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
4.Therefore, in my opinion, it's more advisable...因此，在我看来，更可取的是…
5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是，....
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来……也许更好
篇七：高考英语作文万能句子及模板
高考英语作文万能句子：8种实用句型
一.开头句型
1.As far as ...is concerned就……而言 比如说：就我而言 As far as I concerned 2 It can be said with certainty that... +从句 可以肯定地说......
3.As the proverb says， 正如谚语所说的，可以用来引用名言名句
4 .It has to be noticed that... 它必须注意到，...
5 .It's generally recognized that... 它普遍认为...
6 .It's likely that ... 这可能是因为...
7 .It's hardly that... 这是很难的......
8 There's no denying the fact that...毫无疑问，无可否认
9 .Nothing is more important than the fact that... 没有什么比这更重要的是…
10 .what's far more important is that... 更重要的是…
二.衔接句型
1.A case in point is ... 一个典型的例子是...
3 But the problem is not so simple. Therefore，+句子（ 然而问题并非如此简单，所以……） 4 .But it's a pity that... 但遗憾的是… it’s a pity that….遗憾的是。。。
5 In spite of the fact that...尽管事实...... In spite of 尽管
6 .Further, we hold opinion that... 此外，我们坚持认为，...
7 .However , the difficulty lies in..+名词或者动名词 .然而，困难在于…
8.Similarly, we should pay attention to... 同样，我们要注意...
9 As it has been mentioned above...正如上面所提到的… （可以用来对前面所说的话进行补充说明）
10.In this respect, 从这个角度上
11.However, 然而…
三.结尾句型
1.I will conclude by saying... 最后我要说…
2.Therefore, we have the reason to believe that...因此，我们有理由相信…
3.All things considered,总而言之 = In a word=In conclusion
It may be safely said that...它可以有把握地说......
4.Therefore, in my opinion,因此，在我看来，
5.From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that….通过以上讨论，我们可以得出结论…
6.The data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that….通过数据我们得到的结论是，....
7.It can be concluded from the discussion that...从中我们可以得出这样的结论
8.From my point of view, it would be better if...在我看来，如果……也许更好
四.举例句型
1. Here is one more example这里有不止一个的例子
.2.Take … for example.就拿……为例子
五.常用于引言段的句型
1. Some people think that …. 有些人认为…
To be frank, I can not agree with their opinion for the reasons below. 坦率地说，我不能同意他们的意见，理由如下。
2. I believe the title statement is valid because…. 我认为这个论点是正确的，因为…
3. I cannot entirely agree with the idea that ….我无法完全同意….这一观点的说法…
4. Along with the development of…, more and more….随着……的发展，越来越多…
5 It is commonly/generally/widely/ believed /held/accepted/recognized that….它通常是认为…
6. As far as I am concerned, I completely agree with the former/ the latter.就我而言，我完全同意前者/后者的观点。
六 表示比较和对比的常用句型和表达法
1. A is completely different from B.(A和B完全不同)
2 The difference between A and B is lies in +名词或者动名词 （ A和B不同的地方是。。。） .
七 演绎法常用的句型
1. There are several reasons for…, but in general, they come down to three major ones.有几个原因……，但一般，他们可以归结为三个主要的。
2. Many ways can contribute to solving this problem, but the following ones may be most effective.有很多方法可以解决这个问题，但下面的可能是最有效的。 （ 可以用在保护环境等话题的作文）
4. Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows.一般来说，这些优势可以列举如下。
5. The reasons are as follows. 。。。的理由如下 （可以用来列举理由原因）
八 因果推理法常用句型
1.Because/Since we read the book, we have learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
2. If we read the book, we would learn a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
3. We read the book; as a result / therefore / thus / hence / consequently / for this reason / because of this, we've learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
4. As a result of /Because of/Due to/Owing to reading the book, we've learned a lot. 由于阅读这本书，我们已经学到了很多。
（一）段首句
1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为…… There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说（常言道）……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。 There is an old saying______. It’s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……；其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。 Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外（而且）……。 Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。 Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说）……，在他们看来，…… People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.
7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。 Man is now facing a big
problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.
8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。 ______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。 ______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢？ According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______ while. Obviously，______，but why
（二）中间段落句
1. 相反，有一些人赞成……，他们相信……，而且，他们认为……。 On the contrary，there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time，they say____.
2. 但是，我认为这不是解决……的好方法，比如……。最糟糕的是……。 But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example，____.Worst of all，___.
3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，（也是）非常重要的。首先，……。而且……，最重要的是…… ______is necessary and important to our country’s development and construction. First，______.What’s more, _____.Most important of all,______.
4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先，我们可以……。 There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______
5. 面临……，我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……，另一方面， Confronted with______，we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing，______For another，______
6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……，另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。 It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.
7. 为什么……？第一个原因是……；第二个原因是……；第三个原因是……。总的来说，……的主要原因是由于…… Why______The first reason is that ______.The second reason is ______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.
8. 然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样，……也有它的不利的一面，象……。 However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______.
9. 尽管如此，我相信……更有利。 Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.
10. 完全同意……这种观点（陈述），主要理由如下： I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.
（三）结尾句
1. 至于我，在某种程度上我同意后面的观点，我认为…… As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.
2. 总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来……。 In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.
3. 但是，……和……都有它们各自的优势（好处）。例如，……，而……。然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于（喜欢）…… But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.
4. 就我个人而言，我相信……，因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为…… Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.
5. 随着社会的发展，……。因此，迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量，这个社会将要变得越来越好。 With the development of society, ______.So it’s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.
6. 至于我（对我来说，就我而言），我认为……更合理。只有这样，我们才能…… For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____.
7. 对我来说，我认为有必要……。原因如下：第一，……； 第二，……；最后……但同样重要的是…… In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.
8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而，就我个人而言，我发现……。 It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______.
9. 综上所述，我们可以清楚地得出结论…… From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.
10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种趋势，就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果，所以，我们应该做的是…… If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____. 总结句
2.It goes without saying that... 不用说...(意思是：论述的内容是显而易见的）
3.It can be said with certainty that... ...是肯定的。
4.As the proverb says 4.有句谚语是这样说的...;常言道...
5.It has to be noticed that... 5.必须引起注意的是...
6.It`s generally recognized that...通常认为...
7 It’s hardly too much to say that...表否定，...不被经常说起；我们很少谈到...
8 What calls for special attention is that... .需要引起特别注意的是...
9 There’s no denying the fact that....事实不容否认...
10 Nothing is more important than the fact that...没有比这更重要的是...
11 what’s far more important is that..更重要的是...
12 As time goes by,.....随着时间的流逝
13 There is no doubt that...毫无疑问...
14 As far as I'm concerned, I think....就我而言，我认为...
15 It is said that...据说...
It is important for sb to do sth. 做某事对某人很重要
16Compared with A, B is more ...与A相比，B更...
17 in my opinion 在我看来
18 It is high time that we did sth.是我们做..的时候了。
19 Only in this way, can we solve this problem properly.只有这样我们才能妥善解决这个问题。
20 sth is so...that...如此..以至于..
21 not only ...,but also...不仅...而且...
22 To be honestTo tell the truth 老实说来
23 too..to 太..以至于不能..24 On one hand,..on the other hand,..一方面..另一方面...
25 With the development of science and technology, more and more people believe that…随着科技的发展,越来越多的人认为……
Only in this way can we … 只有这样，我们才能……
一、图表作文框架
As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart) has been on rise/ decrease (increases/drops/decreases),有表格或图像可以看
出。。。 significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______ to ______ in _____. From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it goes without saying that _毫无疑问的看出_______.
There are at least two good reasons accounting for __这里至少有两个原因可以对_ X X 作出解释__. On the one hand, _一方面
_____. On the other hand, ______ is due to the fact that ________. 另一方面---的原因是。。。In addition, 而且
_______ is responsible for _______. Maybe there are some other reasons to show _也许有其他原因要展示
_______. But it is generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.
二、书信作文模板
Dear X X X， 亲爱的X X X
I am extremely pleased to hear from you.(我很高兴收到你的来
信) And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_____. （我很高兴写封信告诉
你。。。） I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/I am looking f0rward to your replies at your earliest convenience. （我希望你可以在空闲的时候尽快给我回信）
Best regards for your health and success. 祝你身体健康万事如意
Sincerely yours，你最真诚的X X X
X X X
篇八：高考英语的作文万能句子
一、引出开头
1：It is well-known to us that……（我们都知道……）==As far as my knowledge is concerned, …（ 就我所知…）2：Recently the problem of…… has been brought into focus. ==Nowadays there is a growing concern over ……（最近……问题引起了关注）
3：Nowadays（overpopulation）has become a problem we have to face.（现今，人口过剩已成为我们不得不面对的问题）
4：Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.（互联网已在我们的生活扮演着越来越重要的角色，它给我们带来了许多好处但也产生了一些严重的问题）
5：With the rapid development of science and technology，more and more people believe that……（随着科技的迅速发展，越来越多的人认为……）6：It is a common belief that……==It is commonly believed that……（人们一般认为……）
7：A lot of people seem to think that……（很多人似乎认为……）
8:It is universally acknowledged that + 句子（全世界都知道...）
二、表达不同观点
1：People's views on……vary from person to person. Some hold
that……However, others believe that……（人们对……的观点因人而异，有些人认为……然而其他人却认为……）
2：People may have different opinions on……（人们对……可能会持有不同见解）
3：Attitudes towards （drugs）vary from person to person.==Different people hold different attitudes towards（failure）（人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异）4:There are different opinions among people as to……（对于……人们的观点大不相同）
三、表示结尾
1：In short, it can be said that……（总之，他的意思是……）
2：From what has been mentioned above, we can come to the conclusion that……（从上面提到的，我们可以得出结论……）
3：Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally/reasonably come to the conclusion that……（把所有的这些因素加以考虑，我们自然可以得出结论……）
4：Hence/Therefore, we'd better come to the conclusion that……（因此，我们最好的出这样的结论……）
5:There is no doubt that (jo有优点也有缺点）
6：All in all, we cannot live without……,but at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.（总之，我们没有……无法生活，但同时我们必须寻求新的解决办法来面对可能出现的新问题）
四、提出建议
1：It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).（该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了）
2：There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of……（毫无疑问，对……问题应予以足够重视）
3：Obviously ,if we want to do something … it is essential that……（显然，如果我们想要做么事，很重要的是……）
4：Only in this way can we ……（只有这样，我们才能……）
5：Spare no effort to + V （不遗余力的）
五、预示后果
1：Obviously，if we don't control the problem, the chances are that……will lead us in danger.（很明显，如果我们不能控制这一问题，很有可能我们会陷入危险）
2：No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that ……（毫无疑问，除非我们采取有效措施，否则我们很可能会……）
3：It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation（很紧迫的是应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展）
六、表示论证
1：From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.(在我看来，支持第一种观点比第二种更有道理)
2：I cannot entirely agree with the idea that……（我无法完全同意这一观点）3：As far as I am concerned/In my opinion,……（就我来说……）
4：I sincerely believe that……==I am greatly convinced (that)子句.（我真诚地相信……）
5：Finally, to speak frankly, there is also a more practical reason why ……（最后，坦率地说，还有另外一个实际的原因……）
七、给出原因
1：The reason why + 句子 ~~~ is that + 句子 （...的原因是...）
2:This phenomenon exists for a number of
reasons .First,…….Second,…….Third，……。这一现象存在有很多原因的，第一……第二……第三……
3：For one thing,…… For another thing，…… ==On the one hand,……On the other hand……一方面……另一方面……
4：I quite agree with the statement that……The reasons are chiefly as follows.我十分赞同这一论述，即……。其主要原因如下。
八、列出解决办法和批判错误观点做法
1：The best way to solve the troubles is……解决这些麻烦的最好办法是…… 2：As far as something is concerned,……就某事而言，……
3;It is obvious that……很显然……
4：It may be true that……but it doesn't mean that……可能……是对的，但这并不意味着……
5;It is natural to believe that……but we shouldn't ignore that……认为……是自然的，但我们不应忽视……
6：There is no evidence to suggest that……没有证据表明……
九、表示好处和坏处
1：It has the following advantages.它有如下优势
2：It is beneficial/harmful to us.==It is of great benefit/harm to us.它对我们有益处
3:It has more disadvantages than advantage.他有很多不足之处
十、表示重要、方便、可能
1：It is important(necessary/difficult/convenient/possible)for sb to do sth.对于某人做……是……
2：It plays an important role in our life.
十一、采取措施
1：We should take some effective measures.我们应该采取有效措施
2：We should try our best to overcome/conquer the difficulties.我们应该尽最大努力去克服困难
3：We should do our utmost in doing sth.我们应该尽力去做……
4：We should solve the problems that we are confronted/faced with.我们应该解决我们面临的困难
十二、显示变化
1：Some changes have taken place in the past five years.过去五年发生了很多变化
2：Great changes will certainly be produced in the international
communications.在国际交流中理所当然会发生很多大的变化
3：It has increased/decreased from…to…他已经从…增加/减少到…
4：The output of July in this factory increased by 15%.这个工厂7月份产量以增加了15%
十三、表明事实现状
1;We cannot ignore the fact that……我们不能忽略这个事实……
2：No one can deny the fact that……没人能否认这个事实……
3：This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.
4:be closely related to ~~ （与...息息相关）
十四、进行比较
1：Compared with A,B……与A比较，B……
2;I prefer to read rather than watch TV.
十五、常用英语谚语
1：Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩
2：All is not gold that glitters.发光的未必都是金子
3：All roads lead to Rome.条条大路通罗马
4：A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半
5：Every advantage has its disadvantage有利必有弊
6：A miss is as good as a mile.失之毫厘，差之千里
7：Failure is the mother of success.失败是成功之母
8:Industry is the parent of success.勤奋是成功之母
9:It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老
10:Knowledge is power.知识就是力量
11:Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets his mind to it.世上无难事，只怕有心人
12.Where there is a will there is a way.有志者事竟成
批判错误观点和做法:
As far as something is concerned, … 就某事而言，……
It was obvious that …很显然,….
It may be true that …, but it doesn’t mean that …
可能……是对的,但这并不意味着……
It is natural to believe that …, but we shouldn’t ignore that …
认为……是很自然的,但我们不应忽视……
There is no evidence to suggest that … 没有证据表明……
如何连接
强调 still, indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially, obviously, clearly.
比较 like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.
对比 by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.
列举 for example, for instance, such as, take …for example, except (for), to illustrate.
时间 later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while.
顺序 first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.
可能 presumably, probably, perhaps.
解释 in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.
递进 What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.
让步 although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.
转折 however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand,
unfortunately, whereas
原因 for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.
结果 as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as a consequence
总结 on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.
其他 mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently,
frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case
（一）段首句
1. 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为
There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.
2. 俗话说（常言道），它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，；其次，。更为糟糕的是。
Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）。
篇九：初中英语作文万能句子
段落首句
1. 关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为
There are different opinions among people as to ____ . Some people suggest that____.
2. 俗话说（常言道），它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3. 现在，，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，；其次，。更为糟糕的是。Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second, ____. What makes things worse is that______.
4. 现在，很普遍，许多人喜欢，因为，另外（而且）。
Nowadays，it is common to ______. Many people like ______ Because ______.Besides，______.
5. 任何事物都是有两面性，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception. It has both advantages and disadvantages.
6.关于人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为（说），在他们看来，
People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them, _____.
7. 已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中引发激烈的辩论。
has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.8 .在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用, 它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题 ... ...has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well
9. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ..., which is becoming more and more serious.
10、如今，人们普遍认为...,但是我怀疑...。
Nowadays，it is generally/commonly believed that..., but I wonder that...
11、“如同硬币的正反面，...也有积极的一面和消极的一面。
Like a coin has two sides, there is a positive aspect and a negative aspect to...
12、“近来，...的问题已经成为人们注目的焦点。”Currently, the issue of ...has been brought to public attention
13、“随着...的快速增长，...在日常生活中已经变得越来越重要。
Along with the rapid growth of ..., ...has become increasingly important in our daily
列举时可以用
First of all 首先secondly其次beside另外what's more另外
First 首先Second 第二 After that另外 Later还有 on last最后
衔接词
另外what's moremoreover beside apart from事实上 in fact as a matter of fact 结果是 as a result,
原因是 results from the fact that...Because 列举:For example
对 比 :on the other hand,
我们都知道 As we all know... 结论:in a word
表达自己看法 In my opinion As far as I am concerned
结尾 Only we in this way can we achieve the goal.
只有这样我们才能达到我们的目标
Only when we can take care of ourselves, can we know how to take care of the one we love. 只有这样，我们才能保护好自己，才能保护好我们在乎的东西
解决方法题型 ：
要求考生列举出解决问题的多种途径
１． 问题现状
２． 怎样解决（解决方案的优缺点）
In recent days， we have to face the problem A， which is becoming more and more serious. First， ------------（说明Ａ的现状）．Second， ---------------（举例进一步说明现状）
Confronted with A， we should take a series of effective measures to cope with the situation. For one thing， ---------------（解决方法一）。 For another -------------（解决方法二）。 Finally， --------------（解决方法三）。
Personally， I believe that -------------（我的解决方法）。Only we in this way
can we achieve the goal.
说明利弊题型:
这种题型往往要求先说明一下现状，再对比事物本身的利弊，有时也会单从一个角度（利或弊）出发，最后往往要求考生表明自己的态度（或对事物前景提出预测）
１． 说明事物现状
２． 事物本身的优缺点（或一方面）
３． 你对现状（或前景）的看法
Nowadays many people prefer A because it has a mean role in our daily life. Generally， its advantages can be seen as follows. First ----------------（Ａ的优点之一）。 Besides -------------------（Ａ的优点之二）。
But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ----------------（Ａ的第一个缺点）．To make matters worse，------------------（Ａ的第二个缺点）．
In my opinion.
Only in this way， ---------------（对前景的预测）．）
议论文的框架 :
（1） 不同观点列举型（ 选择型 ）
There is a widespread concern over the issue that __作文题目
_____. But it is well known that the opinion concerning this hot topic varies from person to person. A majority of people think that _ 观点一________. In their views there are 2 factors contributing to this attitude as follows： in the first place， ___原因一_______.Furthermore， in the second place， ___原因二_____. So it goes without saying that ___观点一_____. People， however， differ in their opinions on this matter. Some people hold the idea that ___观点二
_______. In their point of view， on the one hand， ___原因一_______. On the other hand， ____原因二_____. Therefore， there is no doubt that ___观点二______.
As far as I am concerned， I firmly support the view that __观点一或二
______. It is not only because ________， but also because _________. The more _______， the more ________.（2）利弊型的议论文
Nowadays， there is a widespread concern over （the issue that）___作文题目
______. In fact， there are both advantages and disadvantages in __题目议题
_____. Generally speaking， it is widely believed there are several positive aspects as follows. Firstly， ___优点一______. And secondly ___优点二_____.
Just As a popular saying goes， “every coin has two sides”， __讨论议题
______ is no exception， and in another word， it still has negative aspects. To begin with， ___缺点一
______. In addition， ____缺点二______.
To sum up， we should try to bring the advantages of __讨论议题
____ into full play， and reduce the disadvantages to the minimum at the same time. In that case， we will definitely make a better use of the ____讨论议题___.
英语书信的常见写作模板
开头部分：
How nice to hear from you again.
Let me tell you something about the activity.
I’m glad to have received your letter of Apr. 9th.
I’m pleased to hear that you’re coming to China for a visit. I’
m writing to thank you for your help during my stay in America.
结尾部分：
With best wishes.
I’m looking forward to your reply.
I’d appreciate it if you could reply earlier.
图表作文写作模板
The chart gives us an overall picture of the 图表主题. The first thing we notice is that 图表最大特
点 . This means that as (进一步说明).
We can see from the statistics given that 图表细节一 . After 动词-ing 细节一中的第一个变化， the动词-ed+幅度+时间(紧跟着的变化) . The figures also tell us that图表细节二 . In the column, we can see that accounts for (进一步描述).
Judging from these figures, we can draw the conclusion that (结
论). The reason for this, as far as I am concerned is that (给出原因). / It is high time that we (发出倡议).
口头通知常见写作模板
呼语及开场白部分：
Ladies and gentlemen, May I have your attention, pleaseI have an announcement to make.
正文部分：
All the teachers and students are required to attend it. Please take your notebooks and make notes.
Please listen carefully and we’ll have a discussion in groups. Please come on time and don’t be late.
结束语部分：
Please come and join in it.
Everybody is welcome to attend it. I hope you’ll have a nice time here. That’s all. Thank you.
近日，你班在“知荣明耻” “八荣八耻大家谈”教育活动中，召开了一次关于学生荣辱观的主题班会。存在的问题1．不尊敬老师、家长等。2．学习散漫、考试作弊等。3．乱扔垃圾、污损环境等等。
Recently we have held a class meeting to discuss what is considered to be honorable behavior and what is shameful. （最近我们班开了个班会讨论什么是光荣和耻辱。）
It is really a pity to see all this in our school.Some students don’t respect their teachers or parents. （不尊敬老师父母）
Some don’t take their studies seriously and cheat in exams.Some throw wastes everywhere and pollute the
environment . It is honorable to obey the law and rules , care much about our class and study hard.（关心班级、努力学习、遵纪守法是光荣）
It is shameful to break school rules, to be selfish or to make little effort to achieve success. （违反学校纪律、自私骄傲）
We should respect others and think more of them than of ourselves. （我们应该尊敬别人经常关心别人）
We should work hard and make much more progress to repay the society. （我们应该努力学习取得更大进步从而回报社会）We should try our best to keep the environment clean。（我们应该想方设法保持干净的环境。）
三段四步法——中考英语满分杀手锏
一、 “三段”（三个段落）
——针对的阅卷老师先看文章结构和内容要点，让阅卷老师不得不给你定位一类文。 无论是那种文体，都可以用三段法来表示。 顾名思义，就是无论是记叙文、还是议论文、或者夹叙夹议文章，都可以通用。简单解释如下：
第一段 记叙文议论文
开篇背景介绍（时间、地点、人物、事件）发表观点
第二段
故事发展论据、论点支撑
第三段
结局 总结观点
二、 “四步”
有了框架就相当于有了骨骼，而真正的血肉要靠四个步骤来实现。
步骤一：审题
审题一定要做到五个方面：一审主题（写什么），
二审体裁（记叙、说明、议论、夹叙夹议），
三审时态（时态中考两个扣一分，三个降一档），
四审人称（别犯低级错误），
五审内容要点（一定要在试卷中画出，免得写的时候忘记，导致跑题） 步骤二：打草稿
中考一定要打草稿，两大优势 :
1、中考不准在试卷更改，涂改带、橡皮、胶条（囧）、而中考时落笔错误是难免的，涂改就会后卷面分
2、正式写作是对草稿的在梳理，语言的在锤炼。
步骤三：正文写作
做到两点：一要凝练，二要变化。
文章80—100字为宜，一定要注意使用过渡词、从句、50个句型和词组搭配。
步骤四：检查：
英语写作检查的原则：
1、内容要点：缺少一个内容要点，文章直接降到第三档 。
2、语法错误：名词查单复数和冠词问题，动词查时态语态和三单问题。
3、 变换句式：过于简单的结构要试着变化
篇十：英语作文万能句
一、开头句型选择
1、关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……
There are different opinions among people as to ____ 。Some people suggest that____。
2、俗话说(常言道)……，它是我们前辈的经历，但是，即使在今天，它在许多场合仍然适用。
There is an old saying______。 Its the experience of our forefathers，however，it is correct in many cases even today.
3、现在，……，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先，……;其次，……。更为糟糕的是……。
Today， ____， which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First， ____ Second，____。 What makes things worse is that______。
4、现在，……很普遍，许多人喜欢……，因为……，另外(而且)……。
Nowadays，it is common to ______。 Many people like ______because ______。 Besides，______。
5、任何事物都是有两面性，……也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and ______is not an exception，it has both advantages and disadvantages.
6、关于……人们的观点各不相同，一些人认为(说)……，在他们看来，……
People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person.Some people say that ______。To them，_____。
7、人类正面临着一个严重的问题……，这个问题变得越来越严重。
Man is now facing a big problem ______which is becoming more and more serious.
8、……已成为人的关注的热门话题，特别是在年青人当中，将引发激烈的辩论。
______ has become a hot topic among people，especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.
9、……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用，它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时也引发一些严重的问题。
______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.
10、根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……，但是为什么呢
According to thefigure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph，it can be seen that______while. Obviously，______，but why
11、Recently， the problem of … has aroused people’s concern.
最近，…问题已引起人们的关注。
12、Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.互联网已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色。它给我们带来了许多好处，但也产生了一些严重的问题。
13、Nowadays，(overpopulation) has become a problem we have to face.如今，(人口过剩)已成为我们不得不面对的问题了。
14、With the development of science and technology， more and more people believe that…
随着科技的发展，越来越多的人认为…
二、中间过渡篇
引出不同观点：
1、People’s views on… vary from person to person. Some hold that… 。 However， others believe that…。
人们对…的观点因人而异。有些人认为…。。 然而其他人却认为...
2、People may have different opinions on…
人们对…可能会有不同的见解。
3、Attitudes towards (drugs) vary from person to person.
人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异。
4、There are different opinions among people as to…
关于…。 人们的观点大不相同。
5、Different people hold different attitudes toward (failure)。
对(失败)人们的态度各不相同。
6、A lot of people seem to think that…
很多人似乎认为…
7、It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…
人们一般认为…
8、Many people insist that…
很多人坚持认为…( 励
9. 宾语从句：我认为，…… / 我认为……不 I think / I don't think that …我想知道是否…… I wonder whether …
例：He doesn't think I should stop him joining the club.他认为我不应该阻止他参加这个俱乐部。
10. Since + 主语+ 过去式， 主语 + 现在完成式。
例：Since he went to senior high school, he has worked very hard.自从他上高中，他就一直很用功。
11. how 引导的感叹句
例：那至少可以证明你很诚实。At least it will prove how honest you are. 8. 状语从句
A)如果你不……，你就会…… If you don't …， you'll …
例：If you don't keep working hard, you'll lose the chance. 如果你不坚持努力工作，你就会失去这次机会。
B) 如此 ……，以至于…… so … that …
例：At that moment, I was so upset that I wanted to give up. 当时，我非常伤心，最后都想放弃了。
三、结尾句型
1、Taking all these factors into consideration， we naturally come to the conclusion that…
把所有这些因素加以考虑，我们自然会得出结论…
2、Taking into account all these factors， we may reasonably come to the conclusion that…
考虑所有这些因素，我们可能会得出合理的结论…
3、Hence/Therefore， we’d better come to the conclusion that…
因此，我们最好得出这样的结论…
4、There is no doubt that (job-hopping) has its drawbacks as well as merits.毫无疑问，跳槽有优点也有缺点。
5、All in all， we cannot live without… But at the same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.
总之，我们没有…是无法生活的。但同时，我们必须寻求新的解决办法来对付可能出现的新问题。
6、It is high time that we put an end to the (trend)。
该是我们停止这一趋势的时候了。
7、It is time to take the advice of … and to put special emphasis on the improvement of …
该是采纳…的建议，并对…的进展给予特殊重视的时候了。
8、不用说…… It goes without saying that = It is obvious that …
例：不用说早睡早起是值得的。It goes without saying that it pays to keep early hours.
9、……是必要的 It is necessary (for sb.) to do / that … ……
是重要的 It is important(for sb.) to do / that … ……
是适当的 It is proper (for sb.) to do / that … ……
是紧急的 It is urgent (for sb.) to do / that …
例：It is proper for us to keep the public places clean.
It is proper that we (should)keep the public places clean. 我们应当保持公共场所清洁。
