
一、表示时间的介词
时间介词有in , on,at, after, since,during,by,before,after,until等,前三个介词用法有个口诀: at午夜、点与分,上午、下午、晚用in。
年、月、年月、季节、周,之前加上介词in。
将来时态多久后,这些情形亦用in。
日子、日期、年月日,星期之前要用on。
其余几组常见的`时间介词辨析如下辨析如下:
1、时间介词in与after 的用法辨析
介词 in + 一段时间用于一般将来时。如:We’ll go to school in two weeks.
介词after + 一段时间用于一般过去时。如:My mother came home after half an hour.
介词after + 时间点常用于一般将来时。如:We’ll go out for a walk after supper.
2、时间介词for与since的用法辨析
介词for 表示一段时间如:I have been living here for 10 years.
介词since 表示从过去某一时间以来如:I have been living here since 2000.
3、时间介词before与by的用法辨析
介词before表示“在…之前”如:He won’t come back before five .
介词by表示“到…时为止,不迟于…”如:The work must be finished by Friday.
4、时间介词during与for的用法辨析
当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during如:He swims every day during the summer.
如果一段时间不明确则用介词for如:I haven’t seen her for years.
5、时间介词till与until用法的异同
till和until用在肯定句中,均可表示“直到…为止”,如:I will wait till(until)seven o'clock.
till和until用在否定句中,均可表示“在…以前”或“直到…才”。
如:Tom didn't come back till(until)midnight.
till多用于普通文体,而 until则用于多种文体,并且在句子开头时,用until而不用till如:Until he comes back,nothing can be done.
注意:在last, next, this, that, some, every 等词之前一律不用介词。
二、表示方位的介词
常用的表示方位的介词用法及辨析如下:
1、方位介词on, over, above的用法辨析
介词on表示一物放在另一物上面,两者紧贴在一起,如:The book is on the table.
介词over表示一种垂直悬空的上下关系,即“在…上方”,如:Is there any bridge over the river?
介词above表示一般的“高于…”,“在…之上”,如:There was an electric clock above his bed.
2、方位介词under与below的用法辨析
介词under是over的反义词即“在…下方”,如:They were seen under the tree.
介词below是above的反义词即“低于…”,“在…之下”,如:They live below us.
3、方位介词across,、through、over,、past的用法辨析
介词across着重于“从一头或一边到另一头或另一边”,强调从表面穿过。
如:She went across the street to make some purchases.
介词through着重于“穿越”,强调从一定的空间内穿过。
如:The sunlight was coming in through the window.
介词over多表示从“上方越过”,如:He failed to go over the mountain; he had to go round it.
介词past表示从“面前经过”,如:Someone has just gone past the window.
4、地点介词at与in的用法辨析
介词at表示较小的地方,如家、村、乡村等,如:He lives at a small village.
介词in表示较大的地方,如大城市、国家、洲等,如:He lives in Beijing.
5、表示东南西北的时候,地点介词in、on、to的用法辨析
介词in表示“包含”如:Beijing is in the north of China.
介词on表示“紧邻”如:Canada lies on the north of the U.S.
介词to表示“没接触”如:France lies to the south of England.
三、表示方式、手段、或工具的介词:by,in,on,with.
1、by,in,on,表示交通方式。用by 时,交通工具前不用任何词;用 in和on 时,交通工具前用冠词或形容词性物主代词。例如by car=in a car,by bike=on a bike.
2、表示手段或工具,with后跟具体工具,如I write with a pen;in表示使用某种语言或墨水、颜色等原料,例如:in English.
四、介词的固定搭配
across from在对面
look for 寻找
look after 照顾
get on with 与某人相处
agree with 同意(某人)
arrive at(in) 到达
ask for 询问
begin…with 从……开始
believe in 相信
break off 打断
break out 爆发
bring down 降低
bring in 引进
bring up 教育,培养
build up 建起
burn down 烧光
call back 回电话
call for 要求约请
call on 拜访 访问
care for 喜欢
carry on 继续开展
carry out 实行开展
check out 查明 结帐
come about 发生,产生
come out 出来
come to 共计 达到
compare…with 与……比较
compare to 比作
cut off 切断
date from 始于
depend on 依靠
devote to 献于
die out 灭亡
divide up 分配
dream of 梦想
fall off 下降
fall over 跌倒
feed on 以……为食
get down to 专心于
get through 通过
导语:以下是一篇关于小学英语写作指导
小学阶段不同年级的
对于小学3年级的学生,在他们已经掌握好了如颜色(colour)、衣服(clothes)、数字(number)、星期(day of the week)、月份(month)、宠物(pet)、情感(feeling)、身体部位(body)、文具(school things)的基础上进行文章的填空,如果学生能够按照文章的要求写进相关的信息,那就已经很不错了。下面是一个自我介绍的简单例子:
Myself
Hello,my name is_____. I am_____years old.My favourite colour is_____,_____, and_____.My favourite pet is______,_____ and______. My favourite food is_____,______and______.My favourite day is______. My favourite school thing is______and______.My favourite number is and______.I am______today.
上面的这个例子,如果学生能够依次能吧自己的姓名、年龄、喜欢的颜色、喜欢的宠物、喜欢的食物、喜欢的日子、喜欢的文具、喜欢的'数字和今天的心情准确无误地写出来,那么就已经能够完成了3年级阶段的作文要求。
对于4年级的学生,可以写一篇介绍自己课室或者自己卧室的文章。下面是一篇4年级学生的介绍课室范文。
My classroom
I am studying at Tongji primary school.I am in Class Two, Grade Four. (介绍自己所在的学校和所在的年级) There is a blackboard in front of the classroom. There are twenty-five desks in our classroom, they are brown. There are many books on the desk. There are fifty students, thirty boys and twenty girls. There is a picture on the wall. There are two fans on the wall. (用there+be句型把班里和摆设和班上的人数都表达出来了) It is tidy and clean.I like my classroom very much.(最后是作者的总结)
对于5年级的学生,作文的要求也提高了很多,很多学生在介绍别人或者是写自己喜欢的小动物的时候很容易忘了第三人称单数动词要加ses,如:He get up at 7 o’clock(get忘了加s),在用到现在进行的时候动词很容易忘了加ing(如I am play the piano,play就忘记了加ing),介词和介词短语也占了很重要的位置如介词in,on,at,of。介词短语如dream of(区分dream that)和be afraid of都是很重要的介词短语,很多学生忘记了介词后面要加动词小学英语写作指导少儿基础英语。
对于6年级的学生,作文考查的是英语的综合应用能力,而且出的题目大部分都是看图作文,这就在一定程度上增加了写作的难度,它也是综合了3年级的分类词汇,4年级的句型,方位介词,5年级的重点介词短语和时态,不过我相信只要平时多点积累单词和句型、多点动笔、多注意语法上的问题、多看作文书,那么就能写出流畅、有深度的文章。
用适当介词填空英语练习题
1. The fur coat is not ____ fashion now.
2. The boss is busy now. Can you wait ______ two o’clock in the afternoon?
3. Have you seen the film “Murder on the orient Express” ______ a B.B.C. Television programme?
4. The examiner asked the students to write their names ____ the top of paper.
5. In many countries people can buy things ______ installments.
6. Please turn ______the light, it’s dark now.
7. When the boy got ______ the bus, he found that two policemen were walking towards him in the street.
8. I took three books ______ me when I came out of the library.
9. Last year I travelled ______ a very large and beautiful ship to Hong Kong.
10.Have you made _____ your mind where to go during the summer vacation?
11.When I am ______ work, don’t bother me.
12.When Miss Jones came _________. She found the doctors and nurses standing by her bed.
13.Mary went to open the door and looked out _______ the garden.
14.This monkey belonged ______ an old man who was fond of monkeys.
15.She spent two evenings _______ playing chess.
16.I am looking forward _______ your visit here.
17.He is sitting at the table covered _______ flowers.
18.What’s ______ today’s newspaper?
19.They ran wildly crying ________help where no help could be.
20.My little brother dreams _________ becoming a seaman.



