英语常见5种句子结构
英语语中的五种基本句型结构
一、句型1： Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语)
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，所谓不及物动词，就是这种动词后不可以直接接宾语。常见的动词如：work, sing, swim, fish, jump, arrive, come, die, disappear, cry, happen等。如：
1) Li Ming works very hard.李明学习很努力。
2) The accident happened yesterday afternoon.事故是昨天下午发生的。
3）Spring is coming.
4) We have lived in the city for ten years.
二、句型2：Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语)
这种句型主要用来表示主语的特点、身份等。其系动词一般可分为下列两类：
(1)表示状态。这样的词有：be, look, seem, smell, taste, sound, keep等。如：
1) This kind of food tastes delicious.这种食物吃起来很可口。
2) He looked worried just now.刚才他看上去有些焦急。
(2)表示变化。这类系动词有：become, turn, get, grow, go等。如：
1) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。
2) The tree has grown much taller than before.这棵树比以前长得高多了。
三、句型3：Subject(主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) ＋ Object (宾语)
这种句型中的动词一般为及物动词, 所谓及物动词，就是这种动词后可以直接接宾语，其宾语通常由名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句等来充当。例：
1) He took his bag and left.（名词） 他拿着书包离开了。
2) Li Lei always helps me when I have difficulties. (代词)当我遇到困难时，李雷总能给我帮助。
3) She plans to travel in the coming May Day.（不定式）她打算在即将到来的“五一”外出旅游。
4) I don?t know what I should do next. (从句)我不知道下一步该干什么。
注意：英语中的许多动词既是及物动词，又是不及物动词。
四、句型4： Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语)＋ Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语)
这种句型中，直接宾语为主要宾语，表示动作是对谁做的或为谁做的，在句中不可或缺，常常由表示“物”的名词来充当；间接宾语也被称之为第二宾语，去掉之后，对整个句子的影响不大，多由指“人”的名词或代词承担。引导这类双宾语的常见动词有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。如：
1) Her father bought her a dictionary as a birthday present.她爸爸给她买了一本词典作为生日礼物。
2）The old man always tells the children stories about the heroes in the Long March.
老人经常给孩子们讲述长征途中那些英雄的`故事。 上述句子还可以表达为：
1）Her father bought a dictionary for her as a birthday present.
2）The old man always tells stories about the heroes to the children in the Long March.
五、句型5： Subject(主语)＋Verb (动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语)
这种句型中的“宾语 ＋ 补语”统称为“复合宾语”。宾语补足语的主要作用或者是补充、说明宾语的特点、身份等；或者表示让宾语去完成的动作等。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：
1）You should keep the room clean and tidy. 你应该让屋子保持干净整洁。（形容词）
2) We made him our monitor.(名词)我们选他当班长。
3) His father told him not to play in the street.(不定式)他父亲告诉他不要在街上玩。
4）My father likes to watch the boys playing basketball.(现在分词)
5) Yesterday I had a picture taken with two Americans.(过去分词)
● 常见的动词有: tell, ask, advise, help, want, would like, order, force, allow等。
● 注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：
1) The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。
2) I heard her sing in the next room all the time last night.昨天晚上我听见她在隔壁唱了一个晚上。
下面是语文迷为大家整理的常用的英语短语集锦，希望对大家写英语
一、动词+介词
1.look at…看…， look like … 看上去像……， look after …照料…
2.listen to…听…… 3.welcome to…欢迎到……
4.say hello to …向……问好 5.speak to…对……说话
此类短语相当于及物动词，其后必须带宾语，但宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。
二、动词+副词
“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：
A.动词(vt.)+副词
1.put on 穿上 2.take off脱下 3.write down记下
此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可;宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词前面。
B.动词(vi)+副词。
1.come on赶快 2.get up起床 3.go home回家
4.come in进来 5.sit down坐下 6.stand up起立
此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。
三、其它类动词词组
1.close the door 2.1ook the same 3.go to work/class 4.be ill 5.have a look/seat 6.have supper 7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games 10. play games
[介词短语聚焦]
“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。
1.in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。
2.in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。
3.in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。
4.in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。
5.in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”;on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。
6.in the wall表示“在墙上(凹陷进去)”;on the wall表示“在墙上(指墙的表面)”。
7.at work(在工作)/at school(上学)/at home(在家)应注意此类短语中无the。
8.at + 时刻表示钟点。 9.like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。
10.of短语表示所属关系。 11.behind/ beside/ near/ under+ 名词等，表示方位、处所。
12.from与to多表示方向，前者意为“从……”，后者意为“到……”。
另外，以下这些短语也必须掌握。如：on duty, after breakfast, at night, at the door, in the middle, in the sky, on one’s bike等。
[重点句型大回放]
1.I think…意为“我认为……”，是对某人或某事的看法或态度的一种句型。其否定式常用I don’t think…，
2.give sth. to sb./ give sb. sth. 意为“把……给……”，动词give之后可接双宾语，可用这两种句型;若指物的宾语是人称代词时，则只能用give it/ them to sb.
3.take sb./ sth. to…意为“把……(送)带到……”，后常接地点，也可接人。
4.One…, the other…/One is…and one is…意为“一个是……;另一个是……”，必须是两者中。
5.Let sb. do sth. 意为“让某人做某事”，人后应用不带to的动词不定式，其否定式为Don’t let sb，do sth.，或Let sb. not do sth. 另外，Let’s 与Let us的含义不完全相同，前者包括听者在内，后者不包括听者在内，
6.help sb. (to) do sth./help sb. with sth.意为“帮助某人做某事”，前者用不定式作宾补，后者用介词短语作宾补，二者可以互换. Help… out
7.What about…?/How about…?意为“……怎么样?”是用来询问或征求对方的观点、意见、看法等。about为介词，其后须接名词、代词或V-ing等形式。
8.It’s time to do…/ It’s time for sth. 意为“该做……的`时间了”，其中to后须接原形动词，for后可接名词或V-ing形式。
9.like to do sth./like doing sth.意为“喜欢做某事”， 前一种句型侧重具体的一次性的动作;后一种句型侧重习惯性的动作，
10.ask sb.(not) to do sth. 意为“让某人(不要)做某事”，其中ask sb.后应接动词不定式，
11.show sb. sth. / show sth. to do. 意为“把某物给某人看”，该句型的用法同前面第2点。
12.introduce sb. to sb. 意为“把某人介绍给另一人”;introduce to sb.则是“向某人作介绍”。
[重点短语快速复习]
1.kinds of 各种各样的 2. either…or…或者……或者……，不是……就是……
3. neither…nor…既不……也不…… 4. Chinese tea without, anything in it 中国清茶
5. take a seat 就坐 6. home cooking 家常做法
7. be famous for 因……而著名 8. on ones way to在……途中
9. be sick/ill in hospital生病住院 10. at the end of在……的尽头，在……的末尾
11. wait for 等待 12. in time 及时
13. make one’s way to…往……(艰难地)走去
14. just then 正在那时 15. first of all 首先，第一
16. go wrong 走错路 17. be/get lost 迷路
18. make a noise 吵闹，喧哗 19. get on 上车
20. get off 下车 21. stand in line 站队
22. waiting room 候诊室，候车室 23. at the head of……在……的前头
24. laugh at 嘲笑 25. throw about 乱丢，抛散
26. in fact 实际上 27. at midnight 在半夜
28. have a good time=enjoy oneself玩得愉快
29. quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架 30. take one’s temperature 给某人体温
31. have/get a pain in…某处疼痛 32. have a headache 头痛
33. as soon as… 一……就…… 34. feel like doing sth. 想要干某事
35. stop…from doing sth. 阻止……干某事 36. fall asleep 入睡
37. again and again再三地，反复地 38. wake up 醒来，叫醒
39. instead of 代替 40. look over 检查
41. take exercise运动 42. had better(not) do sth. 最好(不要)干某事
43. at the weekend 在周末 44. on time 按时
45. out of从……向外 46. all by oneself 独立，单独
47. lots of=a lot of 许多 48. no longer/more=not…any longer/more 不再
49. get back 回来，取回 50. sooner or later迟早
51. run away 逃跑 52. eat up 吃光，吃完
53. run after 追赶 54. take sth. with sb. 某人随身带着某物
55. take(good) care of…=look after…(well) (好好)照顾，照料
56. think of 考虑到，想起 57. keep a diary 坚持写
常用英语短语
1. go to school 上学(用于专业的)go to the school 去学校(不一定是上学)
2. good way to 好方法
3. hate to do 讨厌没做过的事hate doing 讨厌做过的事
4. have a party for sb 举办谁的晚会
5. have a talk 听报告 谈一谈
6. have been doing 现在完成进行时eg : You have been talking You have been sleeping since
7. have been to …( 地方)……去过某过地方have gone to …(地方) 去了某地还没回来
8. have fun +doing 玩得高兴
9. have sth to do 有什么事要做
10. have to do sth 必须做某事
11. have trouble (problem) (in) doing sth 做什么事情有麻烦
12. have…time +doing
13. have…(时间)…off 放……假eg: I have month off 我请一个月得假
14. hear sb +do/doing 听见某人做某事/正在做某事
15. help a lot 很大用处
16. help sb with sth \one's sth 帮助某人某事(某方面)help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
17. hope to do sth 希望做某事
18. How about(+doing) = What about(+doing)
19. how do you like = what do you think of 你对什么的看法
20. if : 是否=wether
21. eg: I don't know if (wether) I should go to the party 我不知道我是否应该去参加晚会
22. He don't know if (wether) we will arrive on time tomorrow morning 他不知道我们明天早上是否能准时到达
23. if :如果，假如(全部接一般时态)+条件语态从句
24. in one's opinion = sb think 某人认为
25. in some ways 在某些方面
26. in the end = finally(adv) 最后
等比句 句型［主语（主体）+谓语+as+形容词/副词+as+被比对象］
1. He is as tall as I (am). 2. This window is just as wide as that one.
3. This is just as good an example as the other. 4. Does John work as hard as Henry?
5. We have accomplished as much in the past three years as would have taken ten years in the past.
[注] 如果形容词后有一个单数可数名词, 不定冠词应置于名词之前形容词后, 如：He is as poor a speaker as I.
句型［主语+谓语+no more形容词//副词（或no +形容词/副词比较级）+than+被比对象］
1. She is no less diligent than her elder sister. 2. One minute too late is no more in time than half an hour.
3. The food on the ship was no better than on any other ship on which Billy had sailed.
4. We too have a head and two hands and are no stupider than others.
5. China's women, no less than men, are participating in all kinds of work in the socialist construction of their country.
[注] 如果两个主语相比，谓语动词应与前一个保持一致关系。如： He no less than you is (不是are) diligent.
[附注] 表示等比的还有以下一些方式：
1) "…be equal to+被比对象"如：A dingle day is equal to twenty years. In strength, he is equal to me.
2) "…be worth+被比对象" 如：An inch of time is worth an inch of gold. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
3) 用其他词语表达：Three early mornings will make a day. Only he in our class can cope with you in knowledge of English.
差比句 句型［主语+谓语+形容词比较级/ 副词比较级+(名词)+than+被比对象］
1. Too much help is sometimes worse than no help.
2. Facts speak louder than eloquence. (Actions speak louder than words.)
3. Our room is a little larger than theirs and it has more furniture in it.
4. Light does not travel at the same speed through all materials; it goes slower through some than through others.
[注] 这种形容词组合还可以作定语，置于名词之后。如：It feeds on worms and other fish smaller than itself.
句型［主语+谓语+more/less+形容词原级/副词+than+被比对象］
1. This book is more interesting than that one.
2. He is more attentive in class now than he was last term.
3. It's less cold than it was yesterday.
4. He works more regularly than you do.
5. The new edition is less expensive than the old one.
[注1] 使用比较级要注意两点：
1) 不要使用双重比较级， 如：(误) His younger brother was more stronger than he.
(正) His younger brother was much stronger than he. His younger brother was stronger than he.
2) 不要使用无比较对象的孤立的比较级。如：(误) We saw many smaller houses on both sides of the river.
(正) We saw many small houses on both sides of the river.
(正) We saw many houses smaller than usual on both sides of the river.
[注2] 比较级前可加一些增强语气的词，如：much, even, still, a little (bit), slightly, far , any, no, a lot 等。
My room is a little (bit) smaller than hers. Eighteen is much less than eighty.
[注3] 如果表示"因…而更…" 可用句型 the+比较级+for (或because, as等词)，
如： I like him all the better for his faults. I do not like him the less because he has faults.
He is none the happier for his wealth. A good tale is none the worse for being twice told.
句型［主语+谓语+not so/not as+形容词原级/副词+as+被比对象］
1. Tom is not so tall as his brother. (Tom is less tall than his brother.)
2. Mr. Green is not so old as he looks. 3. It isn't as cold as it was yesterday.
4. John doesn't work so hard as Henry.
5. Dawney answered slowly: "Never so happy as when my hands are full.
句型［主语+谓语+以or结尾的形容词比较级+to+被比对象］
1. His strength is superior to (=greater than) mine. 2. My knowledge is inferior to (=less than) his.
3. Is your father senior to mine? My father is junior to yours.
4. His arrival in New York is posterior to that of my friend.
5. Colored people are by no means inferior to white people.
句型［被比对象(第一分句暗示某种程度)+主体(第二分句含比较级)］
1. I caught the last bus from town; but Harry came home even later. (He came home later than I.)
2. The Long March is great, but the New Long March will be greater, and more arduous.
3. Dear as are father and mother, the motherland is still dearer.
4. One of my suitcases is small, and the other one is medium.
句型［主语+谓语+absolute superiority over+被比对象］
［主语+谓语+above/ next to+被比对象］ ［主语+can't compare with+被比对象］
1. The socialist system has demonstrated absolute superiority over the capitalist one.
2. The price of wisdom is above rubies. 3. We love truth above everything else.
4. As long as men live, water will continue to be what it is today - next in importance to oxygen.
5. Next to the Yangtze, the Yellow River is the second longest river in our country.
6. It is worth next to nothing. 7. How could Napoleon compare with Lenin?
8. The situation of the enemy cannot compare with ours.
[附注] 关于等差句有以下几点需要注意：
1) 句型16 "not to speak of" 等词组也可用以表示差比, 如: Even a worm, when trodden on, will turn, not to speak of a man outraged.
2) former, latter, elder等形容词, 词尾虽然是比较级形式, 但它们永远不用于比较句中, 也不能跟than, 如： He will come here in the latter part of year.
3) 等差既可以指出相差的数目, (用by+数词表示) 也可以指出相差的范围, 如: of +名词, with regard to, in point of, with respect to, with reference to, with relation to, in the sphere of, in the field of等等。例句: She is the more patient of the two. In point of commerce, Shanghai is more prosperous than Nanjing. With reference to territory, China is larger than America.
4) 有些语句的词序变动较大阅读和翻译时要弄清其结构。如：Easier said than done. (=It is easier to be said than to be done.) In science, more than in any other human institution, it is necessary to search out the past in order to understand the present and to control the future. (= It is more necessary in science than in any other human institution to search out…)
有时一个词的原级和比较级在一同结构的句中会产生不同的意义，如：If he was ten years old, he would understand it. ≠ If he was ten years older, he would understand it.
5) 要注意避免不合理的比较。如：（误）The face of his father looks older than his uncle.
（正） The face of his father looks older than that of his uncle. His father's face looks older than his uncle's.
极比句 句型［…the 形容词最高级/ 副词最高级+(名词)+范围词…］
1. This is the easiest book I've ever read. 2. Mrs. Thomson works hardest of all.
3. Dictionaries are like watches; the worst is better than none, and the best cannot be expected to go quite true. 4. It is our greatest happiness to dedicate our youth to the New Long March.
5. The least means shall be used to achieve the greatest end. 6. Which of the boys studies best?
句型［…the most/ least形容词原级/副词+(名词)+范围词…］
1. She is the most active girl in our class. 2. You're the one who writes the most correctly.
3. "How is your watch?" - "My watch goes the most accurately."
4. The most short-sighted man could see that at a glance, with his naked eyes," said Martin.
5. Light waves travel most quickly through air, they go much slower through water and even slower through glass.
[注1] "best of all" 表示肯定的最; "least of all" 表示否定的最， 如： I like swimming best of all.
I like that least of all. The least用作最高级时，往往被其后面的形容词的反义词的最高级所取代。如: This is the most difficult (不用the least easy) book I've ever read. This is the most uninteresting (很少用the least interesting) book of the three.
[注2] 两个概念的表示法：1) 若干个最大中的一个可用 "one of+最高级" 表示, 如: "What about horse-racing?" - "I should say that that is one of the most popular sports in Great Britain."
2) "第2, 3, 4…大" 可用 "the 序数词+最高级" 表示, 如： My home town is the second largest city in our province.
[注3] most前，如果没有the,则不是表示比较，而表示 "很", "非常", 如: The present world situation is most favorable for the people. The meeting proceeded in a most friendly atmosphere.
句型［…否定词…+比较级…］
1. I never saw a prettier sight. 2. No other book has had a greater influence on my life.
3. I will say this, that the best shot in existence could not have done it more beautifully
4. "How about a game of bridge?" - "I can't think of a better idea."
5. When you come to think of it, there is nothing in the world more potent-and more impotent - than words
[注] 从反面表达最高比较级的方式很多，甚至可以不用比较级的词语，如：
Nothing ancient or modern seems to come near it. (come near 与…相比)
In point of strength, he is second to none. (second to none独一无二)
No one is to be compared with him for resourcefulness. He has no equal in playing ping-pong ball.
句型［…否定词语…+so+形容词/ 副词+as+被比对象］
1. No country suffered so much as England. 2. No war is so great as the European war.
3. There is nothing I like so much as playing football. 4. Nothing is so easy as this.
5. None is so blind as those that won't see.
[注] 极比句中表示范围的词语，除了用差比句附注第三列出的词以外，还有以下几种。
1) 用that引出的从句表示范围: That is the most important discovery (that) ever made by man.
2) 用in 引出的短语表示范围: This is the busiest street in the city.
3) 用of 引出的短语表示范围: Of all the writers of the time Lu Shun enjoyed the greatest popularity among the people.
4) 用其他介词短语表示: Mr. Zhu is the strictest among the teachers of our school. It is the finest thing under the sun.
5) 用条件句表示范围: "If there is one thing I do not like, it is a crying child…"
"If there is a scoundrel upon earth, that scoundrel's name is HEEP."
比例句 句型［(从句) The+形容词比较级/ 副词比较级…, (主句) the+形容词比较级/ 副词比较级…］( 第1个the是关系副词，有 "by how much" 之意，第2个the是指示副词，有 "by so much" 之意。)
1. The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
2. The sooner we begin our work, the sooner we shall finish it.
3. The more a man knows, the more he discovers his ignorance.
4. "How long is he going to stay there?" - "I don't know exactly, but… the longer he stays the better."
5. The more I think of it, the happier I am.
[注1] 当比较级作表语而又不处于句首时, 可以不用the 相关联。 如：When we encounter more difficulties, we should be more spirited; when we are more at danger, we should be more courageous.
[注2] 注意本句型可省略的成分较多, 常见于谚语、俗语中 如： The sooner, the better.
= the sooner you do it the better it will be. = By how much sooner you do it, by so much better it will be.
= In whatever degree sooner you do it, in that degree better it will be. The more, the merrier. The more, the better.
[注3] 还有一些带比较级的词组，也含有比例发展的'意味；但这些词组多用于表示同一事物的发展程度，一般不带被比对象。1) "…ever+比较级+ (and+比较级)…" 如：The story gets ever more exciting.
Our country is growing ever richer and stronger.
2) "…+比较级+and+比较级…" 如：…his poor cheek has turned ever thinner and paler.
3) "…the+比较级…" 这大多是一种习惯用语。 如： So much the worse. a change for the worse all the more = more and more
择比句 句型［Better+(主语)形容词或副词/名词/(to)动词原形…+than+被比对象］
1. Better late than never. 2. Better to do well than to say well.
3. Better to light one candle than to curse the darkness.
4. Better say nothing than nothing to the purpose.
5. Better die standing than live kneeling. (=it is better to die standing than to live kneeling.)
[注] 注意本句型可省略被比对象, 如： Better be with the dead. Better let the furnace cool a bit.
句型［主语+had (would) rather+动词原形…+than+动词原形…］
［主语+谓语+rather than+动词原形…］
1. I would (或had) rather join you in research work than go on holiday to the seaside.
2. They would rather die as free men than live as slaves.
3. "I would rather die with my head high, with indestructible faith and profound belief in the destiny of our country, than live in humility and renounce the principles which are sacred to me."
4. Oliver fell on his knees, clasping his hands together, and begged them to kill him if they pleased rather than send him away with that dreadful man. 5. He insisted on staying rather than go
句型［主语+prefer+名词或动名词A+to+名词或动名词B…］
［主语+prefer+不定式A+rather than+不定式B…］
1. I preferred these ruins to Kate's pointed yellow boots. 2. He prefers doing to talking.
3. The revolutionaries preferred death to dishonor. 4. I prefer to work rather than (to) sit idle.
5. He prefers to write his letters rather than dictate others.
[注1] 注意本句型的两式不可混用。不可说 "I prefer doing this rather than that." 只能说 "I prefer doing this to (doing) that. 或 I prefer to do this rather than do that.
[注2] prefer的派生词 preferable, preference也都可用以表示择比。有以下方式：
1) "名词A+be+preferable to+名词B" 如： This is preferable to that.
2) "…名词A+in+preference to+名词B" 如： After the noun reason, use that in preference to because.
3) "…preference for+名词A+to+名词B" 如： I have a preference for Chinese to foreign novels.
句型［主语+would sooner+动词原形…than+动词原形…］
［Sooner than+动词原形…(主句) 主语+would +动词原形…］
1. I would sooner die than do such a thing.
2. Mr. Milton would sooner resign than take part in such dishonest business deals.
3. Sooner than do such work, I would starve.
4. Sooner than marry that man, Eva would earn her living as a waitress.
句型［主语+would (had)…as soon/as lief+…as+被弃对象］
1. I had as soon you broke his neck as his finger.
2. I would (just) as soon stay at home as go for a walk.
3. He would as soon kill himself as betray his country.
4. I would as lief (as soon) die as live in dishonor.
5. I would (had) as lief join the Eighth Route Army as anything.
句型［主语+…choose+名词A+before+名词B］ ［主语+before+从句］
1. A hero should choose death before dishonor. 2. He chose this before all others.
3. I am willing to work myself to death before I give up. 4. I would do anything before that.
5. We would sooner die fighting first before we allow this to happen to us.
[注] 其他如first, leave…for或两个独立分句等也可表示择比， 如： He said he would resign first.
He left the bar for the pen. I like geography, but I prefer history.
对比句 句型［（第一并列分句）+while/whereas+（第二并列分句）］
1. The enemy rots with every passing day, while for us things are getting better daily.
2. The strength of the collective is boundless, while that of the individual is very limited.
3. Wise men love truth, whereas fools shun it.
4. You can also see that there is a grand piano, whereas ours is an upright.
句型［（第一并列分句）+but on the contrary+（第二并列分句）］
1. I have not nearly done. On the contrary, I have only just begun.
2. I do not admire that man, but on the contrary, I have a great contempt for him.
3. You think me idle, but on the contrary, I am very busy.
4. We are becoming stronger and stronger as we fight and, on the contrary, our enemy is getting more exhausted as the war drags on.
[注1] 与本句型相似的词组还有：1) "Contrary to+名词" 如： Contrary to what we had expected, he didn't come.
2) "In contrast to+名词" 如： In contrast to (或with) capitalism, there is nothing in the socialist economic system to cause war. 3) "In opposition to+名词" 如： In opposition to my wishes, you didn't study hard.
[注2] 与本句型意义相反的是 "如同…一样", 参考下面句式：
"Just as+从句", "Just like+从句": Just as Karl Marx did, he regarded a foreign language as a weapon in the struggle of life. = Just like Karl Marx, he regarded a foreign language as a weapon in the struggle of life.
句型［If+从句, (then)+主句］
1. If a government uses fascistic methods to suppress others, it is only one step removed from using the same methods against its own people.
2. If the desert can be called the sea, then the camels are the ships in it.
3. If in the capitalist world the working people toil only in order not to die of hunger, then in our country creative labor is considered as a thing glorious and heroic.
4. If this should be true, (then) that will be wrong.
[注] 表示对比意义的方式是比较多的，这里主要指出两种。
1) 利用句子成分相同或相似的平行结构来表示，如：
We that (that是古旧用法) are sundered in sorrow may meet again in joy.
Books are the best of things if well used; if abused, among the worst.
2) "As…so…" 也可以表示对比意义，如：As the bees love sweetness, so do the flies love rottenness.
