【错题重现1】
【讲透错题】
【讲透考点】
英语句子成分： 主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语、表语
一．主语：是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
A mooncake is a delicious, round cake.
I don’t know if it will grow.
One of them is English.
To win the game is difficult.
二. 谓语:说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。
I saw a girl.
I love you.
You should work hard.
【错题重现2】
找出以下的宾语成分：
【讲透错题】
【讲透考点】
句子结构
(S＝主语；V＝谓语；P＝表语；O＝宾语；O1＝间接宾语；O2＝直接宾语；C＝宾语补足语) 一．S十V主谓结构|（vi.）
I swim.
The desk feels hard
He becomes a teacher．
The trees turn yellow in the autumn.
四．S十V十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构
give，ask_________________________________________________________sb sth
He gaveme a book.
主 谓 宾1宾2
He brought me a pen
He offered me his seat
He got me a chair
五．S十V十O十C 主谓宾补结构
They made the girlangry.
主 谓宾 宾补
They found her happy that day．
I saw him in. I heard the glass broken just now
【相似题型】
找出以下的表语
【错题重现3】
找出以下定语
【错题重现4】
找出以下宾语补足语
【错题重现5】
S+V是主谓
S+V+DO 是主谓加双宾
S+V+P是主谓宾
S(主语)+V(谓语)+ I(间接宾语)+D(直接宾语)
S(主语)+V(动词)+O (宾语)+Complement(补语)
下面是讲解
1.Subject (主语) + Verb (谓语)
这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词,这些动词常见的有：appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,exist,fall,happen,rise,等等.如：
The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力.
She apologized to me again.她再次向我道歉.
The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的.
2.Subject (主语) + Link.V(系动词) + Predicate(表语)
这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：
(1)表示状态的连系动词.这些词有：be,look,seem,appear,smell,taste,sound,keep,remain,等等.如：
Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上.
We should remain modest and prudent any time.我们在任何时候都应该保持谦虚谨慎.
This kind of food tastes terrible.这种食物吃起来很糟糕.
The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些.
(2)表示转变或结果的系动词.这些词有：become,get,grow,turn,go,come,prove,等等.如：
Spring comes.It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了,天气变得越来越暖和.
Don't have the food.It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物,已经变质了.
The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的.
3.Subject(主语) + Verb (谓语) + Object (宾语)
这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语.同时,句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语.作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句.如：
You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里.
Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜.
She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会.
I prefer to make web pages.我更喜欢做网页.
4.Subject(主语)+Verb(谓语)+ Indirect object(间接宾语)+Direct object (直接宾语)
这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”,直接宾语常常指“物”.如：
Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物.
The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事.
这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型：1)动词 + 宾语 + for sb.; 2)动词 + 宾语+to sb..如：
Please show me your picture.
-Please show your picture to me.
请把你的画给我看一下.
I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don?t lose heart.
—I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart.
只要你不失去信心,我会给你提供机会的.
5.Subject(主语)+Verb (动词)+Object (宾语)+Complement(补语)
这种句型中的宾语+ 补语可统称为“复合宾语”.担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等.如：
Keep the children quiet,please.请让孩子们安静下来.
He painted the wall white.他把墙漆成白色.
We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人.
His mother told him not to play on the street.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩.
注意：动词have,make,let,see,hear,notice,feel,observe,watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to.如：
The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作.
英语句子结构练习题练习一
1. we are working.。
2. I can swim very well.
3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me.
4. Why does the wind blow.
5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day.
6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone.
8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow.
9. I have a lot of clothes to wash.
10. He gave his son some advice on reading.
11. Read me the first paragraph.
12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.
13. He began leaning English ten years ago.
14. My being late worried my teacher.
15. The president himself would visit our school.
16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year
17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.
18. I got it back at once.
19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.
20. The telephone rang.
21. We study hard.
22. His father might have died.
23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed
24. Can you make the dog stand still?
25. The landlord had them working day and night.
26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.
27. We all breathe, eat, and drink.
28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning.
29. The book weighs five kilos.
30. They will be flying to London.
英语句子结构练习题一答案
1. We are working.
我们在工作。主系表
2. I can swim very well.
我游泳泳地很好。主谓
3. The waiter brought a bottle of beer to me.
那个使者给我了一瓶啤酒。主谓双宾/主谓宾状
4. Why does the wind blow?
风为什么会吹？主谓
5. The rain has been pulling down for a whole day.
雨已经下了一整天了。主谓
6. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.
汤姆和杰克都喜欢乡村音乐。主谓宾
7. Jim asked you to give his best wishes to everyone.
吉姆请我把他的最好的祝愿带给每个人。主谓宾补
8. You must get the car ready by tomorrow.
到明天为止你一定要把小车准备好。主谓宾补
9. I have a lot of clothes to wash.
我有许多的衣服需要洗。主谓宾，to wash做clothes的定语
10. He gave his son some advice on reading.
他在阅读方面给了他的儿子一些建议。主谓双宾
11. Read me the first paragraph.
给我读第一段。主谓双宾
12. I’ve ordered some soup for you.
我已经为你要了一些汤。主谓双宾/主谓宾状
13. He began leaning English ten years ago.
十年前他开始学英语。主谓宾
14. My being late worried my teacher.
我的迟到让我的老师很担心。主谓宾，动名词短语My being late做主语
15. The president himself would visit our school.
总统将亲自参观我们的学校。主谓宾
16. April fool’Day is the special day of the year
愚人节是一年中很特别的一天。主系表
17. He usually takes a nap after lunch.
他通常在午饭之后要小睡一会儿。主谓宾
18. I got it back at once.
我马上把它取回 。主谓宾
19. He finished lunch and went into the garden.
他吃完午饭后去了花园。主+并列谓语
20. The telephone rang.
电话响了。主谓
21. We study hard.
我们努力学习。主谓
22. His father might have died.
他的父亲可能已经去世了。主谓
23. Will you leave the door open/ unclosed?
你要把门开着？主谓宾补
24. Can you make the dog stand still?
你能让那只狗站着不动吗？主谓宾补
25. The landlord had them working day and night.
地主让他们整天工作，主谓宾补
26. A sound knowledge of grammar is important to good writing.
扎实的语法知识对于写作是重要的。主系表
27. We all breathe, eat， and drink.
我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。主谓
28. I woke up at 6:00 in the morning。
我在早上6点钟起床。主谓
29. The book weighs five kilos.
那本书重达10斤。主谓，five kilos做状语
30. They will be flying to London.
他们将飞往伦敦。主谓宾
英语句子结构练习题二
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me.
32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary.
33. Please pass a newly- published to me.
34. He lived in Guang Zhou.
35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees.
36. His uncle left him some money.
37. She has taught us English for 3 years.
38. I like popular music.
39. She knows what to do next.
40. I hate arriving late.
41. The meeting starts at three.
42. My heart is beating loudly.
43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away.
44. He told me the news by telephone.
45. There are many people in the room.
46. He isn’t as tall as his brother.
47. I have a new sweater.
48. It is important to learn a foreign language now.
49. Trees turn green in spring.
50. He wants to be a doctor.
51. He refused to help me.
52. My teacher advises me to read English every day.
53. He became ill again.
54. He gives me a pen.
55. He speaks English better than me.
56. The earth is bigger than the moon.
57. There are some babies in the garden.
58. We have had supper.
59. The policemen are looking for the missed paper.
60. They elected him chairman.
英语句子结构练习题二答案
31. The shop assistant found some certain materials for me.
那个店员为我找到一些材料。主谓双宾/主谓宾状
32. He promised me a new English-Chinese dictionary.
他许诺说要给我一本新英汉字典。主谓双宾
33. Please pass a newly- published to me.
请递给我一本新出版的。主谓双宾/主谓宾状
34. He lived in Guang Zhou.
他住在广州。主谓宾
35. The father is showing the boy how to plant trees.
那位父亲正在给那个男孩演示怎么种树。主谓双宾
36. His uncle left him some money.
他的叔叔留给了他一些钱。主谓双宾
37. She has taught us English for 3 years.
她已经教我们英语三年了。主谓双宾
38. I like popular music.
我喜欢流行音乐。主谓宾
39. She knows what to do next.
她知道下一步怎么做。主谓双宾
40. I hate arriving late.
我讨厌来晚。主谓双宾
41. The meeting starts at three.
会议在三点开始。主谓
42. My heart is beating loudly.
我的心跳的很厉害。主谓
43. Tom’s birthday is two weeks away.
汤姆的生日是在两星期之后。主系表
44. He told me the news by telephone.
他是通过电话告诉我那个消息的。主谓双宾
45. There are many people in the room.
房间里有很多人。There be句型
46. He isn’t as tall as his brother.
他和他的哥哥不一样高。主系表
47. I have a new sweater.
我有一件新运动衣。主谓宾
48. It is important to learn a foreign language now.
现在去学一们外语是非常重要的。主系表
49. Trees turn green in spring.
树木在春天变成绿色。主系表
50. He wants to be a doctor.
他要成为一个医生。主谓宾
51. He refused to help me.
他拒绝帮助我。主谓宾
52. My teacher advises me to read English every day.
我的老师建议我每天读英语。主谓宾补
53. He became ill again.
他又病了。主系表
54. He gives me a pen.
他给我一只笔。主谓双宾
55. He speaks English better than me.
他说英语比我好。主谓宾
56. The earth is bigger than the moon.
地球比月亮大。主系表
57. There are some babies in the garden.
在花园里面有一些婴儿。There be句型
58. We have had supper.
我们吃过午饭了。主谓宾
59. The policemen are looking for the missed paper.
警察正在寻找失踪的文件。主谓宾
60. They elected him chairman.
他们推选他当主席。主谓宾补
英语句子结构练习题三
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
61.The girl is about ten years old．
62 .was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening．
63.My mother told me an interesting story．
64.The summer holidays will begin next week．
65.There was a strong wind．
66.One of the windows is broken．
67.I heard him singing in the room．
68. The students got on the school bus.
69. He handed me the newspaper.
70. I shall answer your question after class.
71. What a beautiful Chinese painting!
72. They went hunting together early in the morning.
73. His job is to train swimmers.
74. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.
75. There is going to be an American film tonight.
76. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.
77. His wish is to become a scientist.
78. He managed to finish the work in time.
79. Tom came to ask me for advice.
80. He found it important to master English.
81. Do you have anything else to say?
82. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.
83. Would you please tell me your address?
84. He sat there, reading a newspaper.
85. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.
86. He noticed a man enter the room.
87. The apples tasted sweet.
88. The sun was shining.
89. The moon rose.
90. The universe remains
英语句子结构练习题三答案
61.The girl is about ten years old．
那个女孩大约十岁了。主系表
62. I was doing my homework at nine yesterday evening．
昨天晚上9点钟我正在做我的家庭作业。主谓宾
63.My mother told me an interesting story．
我妈妈给我讲了一个有趣的故事。主谓双宾
64.The summer holidays will begin next week．
暑假将会在下周开始。主谓
65.There was a strong wind．
风真大呀！There be句型
66.One of the windows is broken．
有一扇窗户打破了。主谓
67.I heard him singing in the room．
我听到他在房间正在唱歌。主谓宾补
68. The students got on the school bus.学生们登上校车。主谓宾
69. He handed me the newspaper.他递给我那张报纸。主谓双宾
70. I shall answer your question after class.下课后我将回答你的问题。主谓宾
71. He asked me to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。主谓宾补
72. They went hunting together early in the morning.早上很早他们就一起去打猎。主谓
73. His job is to train swimmers.他的工作是训练游泳者。主系表
74. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.他们在北京拍了许多宫殿的照片。主谓宾
75. There is going to be an American film tonight.今天晚上将有一场美国电影。There be句型
76. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.他明天要去上海。主系表
77. His wish is to become a scientist.他的愿望是成为一名科学家。主系表
78. He managed to finish the work in time.他下定决心要及时完成那项工作。主谓宾
79. Tom came to ask me for advice.汤姆来找我寻求建议。主谓，to ask me for advice做目的状语
80. He found it important to master English.他发现掌握英语非常重要。主谓宾补
81. Do you have anything else to say?你还有别的要说的吗？主谓宾，to say做anything else定语
82. To be honest， your pronunciation is not so good.老实说，你的发音不太好。主系表
83. Would you please tell me your address?你能告诉我你的地址吗？主谓双宾
84. He sat there, reading a newspaper.他坐在那儿读着报纸。主谓，reading a newspaper做伴随状语，there做地点状语
85. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.保持我们教室的干净和整洁是我们的职责。主系表
86. He noticed a man enter the room.他注意到一个人进了房间。主谓宾补
87. The apples tasted sweet.那些苹果尝起来很甜。主系表
88. The sun was shining. 太阳在照耀着。主谓
89. The moon rose. 月亮升起了。主谓
90. The universe remains. 宇宙长存。主谓
英语句子结构练习题四
Exercises:分析下列句子的句子结构
91. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.
92. The dinner smells good.
93. He fell in love.
94. Who knows the answer?
95. She smiled her thanks.
96. He has refused to help them.
97. She cooked her husband a delicious meal.
98. He brought you a dictionary.
99. They appointed him manager.
100. They painted the door green.
101. This set them thinking.
102. We all breathe, eat, and drink.
103. Who cares?
104. What he said does not matter.
105. Everything looks different.
106. He is growing tall and strong.
107. They are short of money.
108. He enjoys reading.
109. He said "Good morning."
110. I showed him my pictures.
111. I gave my car a wash.
112. They found the house deserted.
113. What makes him think so?
114. We saw him out.
115. They talked for half an hour.
116. The pen writes smoothly
117. Our well has gone dry.
118. His face turned │red.
119. I want to have a cup of tea.
120. He was mistaken.
121. He showed me how to run the machine.
122. He asked me to come back soon.
123. I saw them getting on the bus.
英语句子结构练习题四答案
91. This is an English-Chinese dictionary.这是本英汉辞典。主系表
92. The dinner smells good. 午餐的气味很好。主系表
93. He fell in love. 他堕入了情网。主系表
94. Who knows the answer? 谁知道答案？主谓宾
95. She smiled her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。主谓宾。Smile在这里做及物动词，表示：以微笑表示……
96. He has refused to help them. 他拒绝帮他们的忙。主谓宾
97. She cooked her husband a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一餐美馔。主谓双宾
98. He brought you a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。主谓双宾
99. They appointed him manager. 他们任命他当经理。主谓宾补
100. They painted the door green. 他们把门漆成绿色。主谓宾补
101. This set them thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。主谓宾补
102. I saw them getting on the bus.我看到他们登上汽车。主谓宾补
103. Who cares? 管它呢？主谓
104. It doesn’t matter. 没关系。主谓
105. Everything looks different. 一切看来都不同了。主系表
106. He grows tall and strong. 他长得又高又壮。主系表。
107. They are short of money. 他们缺少钱。主谓宾，be short of做谓语
108. He enjoys reading. 他喜欢看书。主谓宾
109. He said "Good morning." 他说：“早上好！”主谓宾
110. I showed him my pictures. 我给他看我的照片。主谓双宾
111. I gave my car a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。主谓双宾
112. They found the house deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。主谓宾补
113. What makes him think so? 他怎么会这样想？主谓宾补
114. We saw him out. 我们送他出去。主谓宾补
115. They talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。主谓
116. The pen writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。主谓
117. Our well has gone dry. 我们的井干枯了。主系表
118. His face turned red. 他的脸红了。主系表
119. I want to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。主谓宾
120. He was mistaken. 他犯了错误。主系表
121. He showed me how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。主谓双宾
