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英语短句合译的技巧总汇100条

时间:2018-05-09 15:03

1.1 确定主语

1)这个地区雨水较多。

A: It rains a lot in this area.

B: This area sees much rain.

C: There is much rain in this area.

2)信不信是你自己的事。

It is your concern whether you believe me or not.

3)最好是等他们回来。

It may be advisable to wait till they come back.

4)勤能补拙。

It is diligence that makes for deficiency.

1.2 确定谓语

1)在人际关系上我们不要太浪漫主义。

We shouldn’t be too romantic about human relationships.

2)当他活着一天,总要尽量多工作、多学习,不肯虚度年华,不让时间白白地浪费掉。

As long as they are alive, they always work and study as hard as possible, unwilling to dream their life away, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.

2. 语序调整

1)钓鱼是一项能够陶冶性情的运动,有益于身心健康。

Fishing is an outdoor sport that can help cultivate your mind and it is good for our mental and physical health.

2)我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大千世界,一片喧闹。

Without being noticed, I lifted the curtain in my small room, only to spy the bustle of a kaleidoscopic world down in the garden.

3)一霎时,一阵被人摒弃,为世所遗忘的悲愤兜上心头,禁不住痛哭起来。

In no time, I was thrown into a feeling of sorrowful anger at being forgotten and abandoned by the rest of the world and could not help crying my heart out.

3. 正反转换

1)他光着脚进了屋子。

He entered the room with no shoes on.

2)那个房间的窗户总是关着。

The windows of that room were never open.

3)学习外语离不开好的词典。

A good dictionary is indispensable for learning a foreign language.

4)她忍住了没有笑出声。

She refrained from laughing.

5)我不能忍受你的脾气。

Your temper is more than I can bear.

4. 语态对译

1)考试后三日出榜。

The list of successful examinees will be published three days after the exam.

2)无可否认,他是对的。

It cannot be denied that he is right.

3. 我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等莫不如此。(2005)

Such examples have been set a lot by Chinese laboring people, great statesmen and thinkers of past dynasties.

相对论是爱因斯坦提出来的。

The theory of relativity was put forward by Einstein.

5. 长句的翻译

汉语:分析性为主,句子结构较松散。

英语:综合性为主,句子结构比较严谨。

常见汉译英技巧:

1)原序对译(顺译法)

2)分句合译

3)断句分译

该怎样翻译英语句子? 英语翻译常见的的方法:

一,直译(直接翻译): 这种翻译方法就是力求把每个单词都翻译出来,然后把每个单词的汉语意思再连起来,这样就组成了整个句子的翻译。 例:My name is Lucy. 每个单词的.意思:My(我的); name(名字); is(是); Lucy(露西)。 所以,My name is Lucy. 翻译成:我的名字是露西。

二,翻译出大部分单词的意思: 直接看例子:Do you like English ? 每个单词的意思:Do(助动词) ;you(你) ;like(喜欢); English(英语) 所以, Do you like English ? 翻译成:你喜欢英语吗? 在这个句子中,我们发现Do这个单词似乎翻译成什么都不合适,在这个句子中Do是一个助动词,助动词是帮助其他动词构成疑问句或者否定句,它本身并没有什么意思,所以以后我们在翻译的时候,不要觉得有些单词没有翻译出来就是错的。我们常见的一些不需要翻译出来的词包括,助动词do或者does,定冠词the等等。

三,简略翻译: 有些句子看似很长,但是翻译的时候我们只需要根据前文的意思简单的翻译一下就可以了。 例:What's your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的学科是什么? 翻译:My favorite subject is English. 每个单词的意思是:My(我的);favorite(最喜欢的);subject(学科);is(是);English(英语)。 翻译的时候我们可以根据前面的问句把句子My favorite subject is English直接翻译成:英语。(它所表达的意思就是:我最喜欢的学科是英语)

我们在翻译的时候,要根据具体情况选用不同的翻译方法,要把句子翻译学活,不要死板。 当然了,还有其他的翻译方法,在这个地方我们简单的列举了几种,希望对大家有所帮助。

句子分译

句子分译可以分为简单句的分译、并列复合句的分译、主从复合句的分译以及其他情况的分译。

A. 简单句的分译

(1) Daybreak comes with thick mist and drizzle.

黎明时分,大雾弥漫,细雨蒙蒙。

(2) But another round of war in the region clearly would put strains on international relations.但是,如果该地区再次发生战争,显然会使国际关系处于紧张状态。

B. 并列复合句的分译

并列英语复合句常常在分句连接处加以切分,译成两个或两个以上的句子。例如:

(1) I sat with his wife in their living room, looking out the glass doors to the backyards, and there was Allen‘s pool, still covered with black plastic that had been stretched across it for winter.

我跟他妻子一起坐在他们家的起居室里,望着玻璃门外的后院。后院里有阿伦的游泳池,上面还盖着过冬时铺上去的.黑色塑料蓬。(在连词and处切分)

(2) On her once familiar street, as in any unused channel, an unfamiliar queerness had silted up; a cat wove itself in and out of railings, but no human eye watched Mrs Drover’s return.外语学习网

走在一度熟悉的大街上,就像在一条没有人走过的道路上一样,她心里充满了从未有过的新奇。一只猫在栏杆那儿绕来绕去,但是没有人留意特罗弗太太回来。(在;处切分)

(3) The entire cable-car system recently got an overhaul after more than a century of operations, so you are on firm ground even if the streets seem to be tilting beneath you.

在运行了一个世纪之后,最近对整个缆车系统进行了彻底检修。所以即使你觉得街道似乎在下面倾斜,你在缆车上仍很安全。(在连词so处切分)

(4) The recruitment of Chinese labor was not universally accepted in racially conscious 19th century America and some white workers were unsettled by their appearance in large numbers.

在种族意识十分强的19世纪的美国,招募中国劳工的做法并非普遍为人接受。由于工地上大批出现中国劳工,某些白人工人感到心绪不宁。(在连词and处切分)

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