《人生的智慧》这本书的作者亚瑟·叔本华 请用用原版英文介绍他的平生
Among 19th century philosophers, Arthur Schopenhauer was among the first to contend that at its core, the universe is not a rational place. Inspired by Plato and Kant, both of whom regarded the world as being more amenable to reason, Schopenhauer developed their philosophies into an instinct-recognizing and ultimately ascetic outlook, emphasizing that in the face of a world filled with endless strife, we ought to minimize our natural desires to achieve a more tranquil frame of mind and a disposition towards universal beneficence. Often considered to be a thoroughgoing pessimist, Schopenhauer in fact advocated ways — via artistic, moral and ascetic forms of awareness — to overcome a frustration-filled and fundamentally painful human condition. Since his death in 1860, his philosophy has had a special attraction for those who wonder about life's meaning, along with those engaged in music, literature, and the visual arts.
叔本华的名言
严格说 他不是唯心主义 虽然他是从作为表象的世界 这样一个唯心的命题出发 但是意志才是他最关心的 他也一直被认为是唯意志论的创始人 （他认同康德先验唯心主义 对表象和自在之物的划分 反对黑格尔的客观唯心主义）
