伦敦的英文介绍
白金汉宫（Buckingham Palace）是英国君主位于伦敦的主要寝宫及办公处。
[1] 宫殿坐落在西敏市，是国家庆典和王室欢迎礼举行场地之一，也是一处重要的旅游景点。
历史上每逢英国欢庆或是危机时刻，这儿也是不列颠人民一处重要的集会场所。
1703年至1705年，白金汉和诺曼比公爵约翰·谢菲尔德在此兴建了一处大型镇厅建筑“白金汉屋”，构成了今天的主体建筑，1761年，乔治三世获得该府邸[2]，并作为一处私人寝宫。
此后宫殿的扩建工程持续超过了75年，主要由建筑师约翰·纳西爱德华·布罗尔主持，为中央庭院构筑了三侧建筑。
1837年，维多利亚女王登基后，白金汉宫成为英王正式宫寝。
19世纪末20世纪初，宫殿公共立面修建，形成延续至今天白金汉宫形象。
二战期间，宫殿礼拜堂遭一枚德国炸弹袭击而毁；在其址上建立的女王画廊于1962年向公众开放，展示皇家收藏品。
现在的白金汉宫对外开放参观，每天清晨都会进行著名的禁卫军交接典礼，成为英国王室文化的一大景观。
白金汉宫是现今世界上最为人认识的建筑物之一，它和英国著名的国会大厦、伦敦塔桥、红色双层巴士一样，都是伦敦、以至整个英国的国际标志。
白金汉宫不同于许多国家首都的著名历史建筑，白金汉宫并不是只供游人参观的博物馆。
这座宫殿是君主制的中心，是女王陛下作为英国国家元首和英联邦领袖办公和履行礼仪性职责的地方。
女王平常会在白金汉宫工作，通常在周末会回到温莎城堡。
要知女王在不在宫殿里，只要看一看白金汉宫中央的旗杆就可以了﹔因为如果女王在宫里，旗杆上飘扬的会是君主旗，否则人们便会看到联合王国旗（即英国国旗）。
如遇到盛大的礼仪场合，在天气允许的情况下，宫殿则会挂一面加大号的旗帜。
通常在圣诞节和一月期间，女王会住在诺福克的桑德林汉，她的私人庄园里。
而八、九月则住在苏格兰高地上的巴尔莫勒尔堡。
近年来，公众可以趁女王公务日程的暑期间参观白金汉宫的典礼厅，也就是其他时候用作官方职能和接见用的房间。
迄今为止，白金汉宫已接待了来自世界各地的近400万名参观者。
白金汉宫的建筑风格为新古典主义，主体建筑为五层，其中两层为服务人员使用的附属层，高度较低。
所以立面可以视为纵、横三段式处理。
白金汉宫建筑外立面装修材料为巴斯石灰岩。
内部装修则以人造大理石及青金石为主。
正面广场围以铸铁栅栏，为皇家卫队换岗仪式的场所。
广场外为手持权杖、塑造为天使形象的维多利亚女王雕像。
宫殿正面入口面向东北方，通过林荫路（The Mall）与特拉法尔加广场相连。
白金汉宫的附属建筑包括皇家画廊、皇家马厩和花园。
皇家画廊和皇家马厩均对公众开放参观，其中皇家画廊内收藏有鲁本斯、伦勃朗、弗美尔、盖恩斯巴勒、卡拉内罗等人的绘画作品、卡诺瓦等人的雕塑作品。
每年夏天，英国王室在花园内举办盛大的皇家招待会。
Buckingham Palace, in London, is the official residence and office of the British monarch.[1] Located in the City of Westminster, the palace is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality. It has been a focus for the British people at times of national rejoicing and crisis.Originally known as Buckingham House, the building which forms the core of today's palace was a large townhouse built for the Duke of Buckingham in 1705 on a site which had been in private ownership for at least 150 years. It was subsequently acquired by George III in 1761[2] as a private residence for Queen Charlotte, and known as The Queen's House. During the 19th century it was enlarged, principally by architects John Nash and Edward Blore, forming three wings around a central courtyard. Buckingham Palace finally became the official royal palace of the British monarch on the accession of Queen Victoria in 1837. The last major structural additions were made in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, including the East front which contains the well-known balcony on which the Royal Family traditionally congregate to greet crowds outside. However, the palace chapel was destroyed by a German bomb in World War II; the Queen's Gallery was built on the site and opened to the public in 1962 to exhibit works of art from the Royal Collection.The original early 19th-century interior designs, many of which still survive, included widespread use of brightly coloured scagliola and blue and pink lapis, on the advice of Sir Charles Long. King Edward VII oversaw a partial redecoration in a Belle Époque cream and gold colour scheme. Many smaller reception rooms are furnished in the Chinese regency style with furniture and fittings brought from the Royal Pavilion at Brighton and from Carlton House. The Buckingham Palace Garden is the largest private garden in London.The state rooms, used for official and state entertaining, are open to the public each year for most of August and September, as part of the Palace's Summer Opening.The siteIn the Middle Ages, Buckingham Palace's site formed part of the Manor of Ebury (also called Eia). The marshy ground was watered by the river Tyburn, which still flows below the courtyard and south wing of the palace.[3] Where the river was fordable (at Cow Ford), the village of Eye Cross grew. Ownership of the site changed hands many times; owners included Edward the Confessor and his queen consort Edith of Wessex in late Saxon times, and, after the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror. William gave the site to Geoffrey de Mandeville, who bequeathed it to the monks of Westminster Abbey.[4]In 1531, Henry VIII acquired the Hospital of St James (later St. James's Palace)[5] from Eton College, and in 1536 he took the Manor of Ebury from Westminster Abbey.[6] These transfers brought the site of Buckingham Palace back into royal hands for the first time since William the Conqueror had given it away almost 500 years earlier.[7]Various owners leased it from royal landlords and the freehold was the subject of frenzied speculation during the 17th century. By then, the old village of Eye Cross had long since fallen into decay, and the area was mostly wasteland.[8] Needing money, James I sold off part of the Crown freehold but retained part of the site on which he established a 4-acre (16,000 m2) mulberry garden for the production of silk. (This is at the northwest corner of today's palace.)[9] Clement Walker in Anarchia Anglicana (1649) refers to new-erected sodoms and spintries at the Mulberry Garden at S. James's; this suggests it may have been a place of debauchery. Eventually, in the late 17th century, the freehold was inherited from the property tycoon Sir Hugh Audley by the great heiress Mary Davies
关于大本钟的简介，要英语的，简单一点
The Big Ben is located in the tower at the eastern end of the Houses of Parliament, Westminster, Greater London. It was designed by Edmund Beckett and Baron Grimthorpe. The Big Ben is very famous throughout the world, but nobody really knows why it is called Big Ben. There are two hearsays about this. Some people say that it was named after Benjamin Caunt, a boxer, who was called Big Ben. More people believe it was called after Welshman, Sir Benjamin Hall. He was the commissioner of the work at the time of its installation in 1859. A story was told that during a debate in the Commons on what to call the bell, Sir Benjamin was about to give his ideas when a MP who sat behind the front bench shouted, Let's call it Big Ben! Then this name came into being. The bell hasn't gone through a smooth road since the beginning of its design. Because there was great disagreement about the design of the clock, it took fifteen years to build. In 1857, the bell was completed and tested on the ground, but a four-foot crack appeared and the bell had to be cast again. Finally, the clock started ticking on 31 May, 1859, and struck its first chime on 11, July. Then in September, the bell cracked again. It was silent for four years but was eventually turned a quarter of a revolution. In this way, the crack was not under the striking hammer. Craftsmen made a square above the crack to stop it graving longer and it can still be seen today. The Big Ben is famous not only for its 13-ton weight, but also for its accuracy which is a result of its precise mechanism. Even one extra penny's weight on the balance will cause a gain of two fifths of a second in twenty four hours. Although there have been several problem, the bell is still striking today. Its chimes can be heard all over the world on the B.B.C.
大本钟中英文介绍
大本钟钟，或大本钟（Big Ben即威斯敏斯特宫钟塔，英国国会厅附属的钟楼 (Clock Tower) 的大报时钟的。
是坐落在英国伦敦泰晤士河畔的一座钟楼，是伦敦的标志性建筑之一。
钟楼高95米，钟直径9英尺，重13.5吨。
每15分钟响一次。
大笨钟的命名来源众说纷纭，有一种说法称大本钟的名字来自于本杰明·豪尔爵士。
大钟于1858年4月10日建成，是英国最大的钟。
塔起码有320英尺高（约合97.5米），分针有14英尺长（约合4.27米），大笨钟用人工发条，国会开会期间，钟面会发出光芒，每隔一小时报时一次。
每年的夏季与冬天时间转换时会把钟停止，进行零件的修补、交换，钟的调音等。
文化在英国，大本钟是人们庆祝新年的重点地方，收音机和电视都会播出它的钟声来迎接新一年的开始。
同样地，在阵亡将士纪念日，大本钟钟声的传出表示第11个月的第11天的第11个小时及2分钟的默哀开始。
独立电视新闻的“十时新闻报告”以一连串的大本钟钟声作新闻预告的配乐作开始已很多年。
大本钟的钟声今天仍会用于所有独立电视新闻 新闻快报的新闻预告，及威斯敏斯特宫大本钟的钟面图。
从1923年12月31日开始，大本钟的钟响亦可在于英国广播公司第四台的一些新闻布告（6时正、半晚及星期天的晚上10时正）的一小时前及英国广播公司国际广播部听到。
钟声是经由长期设置在钟楼内而连接著广播大楼的扩音器传送的。
大本钟可用来说明光速和音速的分别。
如果一个人到了伦敦并站在钟楼下，他会听到大本钟的钟声比那钟被敲响时的时间慢约是六分之一秒（假定钟在高55米之处）。
可是如果把一个扩音器放在钟附近并用无线电把钟声传至很远的地方（像纽约市或香港般），那地方会比那站在钟楼下的人更早听到钟声。
事实上，如果接收者把那钟声发回给在地面的那观察者，无线电传送那钟声会比那观察者听到真正钟声时更快。
（例如：纽约市距伦敦5,562公里，而无线电会在0.018552秒内把钟声传至纽约市；来回共需0.037105秒，但原来的钟声却需0.1616秒才能达到地面）钟楼的图像亦曾被用作伦敦电影的标志。
Clock Tower, Palace of WestminsterThe Clock Tower is a turret clock structure at the north-eastern end of the Houses of Parliament building in Westminster, London, England. It is popularly known as Big Ben, but this name is actually a nickname for the clock‘s main bell. The tower has also been referred to as St. Stephen‘s Tower or The Tower of Big Ben, in reference to its bell.StructureThe tower was raised as a part of Charles Barry‘s design for a new palace, after the old Palace of Westminster was destroyed by fire on the night of October 16, 1834. The tower is designed in the Victorian Gothic style, and is 96.3 metres (316 feet) high.The first 61 metres (250 feet) of the structure is the clock tower, consisting of brickwork with stone cladding; the remainder of the tower‘s height is a framed spire of cast iron. The tower is founded on a 15 by 15 metre (49 by 49 foot) raft, made of 3-metre
自学英语
Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London,and is generally extended to refer to the clock or the clock tower as well. Some believe this extension to be incorrect, but its usage is now entirely commonplace.It is the largest four-faced chiming clock and the third-tallest free-standing clock tower in the world.It celebrated its 150th anniversary in May 2009, during which celebratory events took place.The clock was finished being built on April 10, 1858.
大本钟的英文资料（要带翻译的
）
Big Ben is the nickname for the great bell of the clock at the north end of the Palace of Westminster in London,[1] and often extended to refer to the clock and the clock tower.[2] The tower is now officially called the Elizabeth Tower, after being renamed to celebrate the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II. The Elizabeth Tower holds the largest four-facedchiming clock in the world and is the third-tallest free-standing clock tower.[3] The tower was completed in 1858 and had its 150th anniversary on 31 May 2009,[4] during which celebratory events took place.[5][6] The Elizabeth Tower has become one of the most prominent symbols of both London and England and is often in the establishing shot of films set in the city.大本钟（英语：Big Ben，或翻译成大笨钟、大鹏钟）是英国国会会议厅附属钟楼的大报时钟的昵称，也常代指该钟所在的钟楼 。
[1]大本钟坐落在英国伦敦泰晤士河畔的威斯敏斯特宫钟塔上，是伦敦的标志之一。
钟楼高95米，钟直径9英尺，重13.5吨。
每15分钟响一次，敲响威斯敏斯特钟声。
自从兴建地铁朱比利线之后，大本钟受到影响，最近测量显示大本钟朝西北方向倾斜约半米[2]。
大本钟的命名来源众说纷纭，有一种说法称大本钟的名字来自于本杰明·豪尔爵士。
大钟于1858年4月10日建成，是英国最大的钟。
塔起码有320英尺高（约合97.5米），分针有14英尺长（约合4.27米），大本钟用人工发条，国会开会期间，钟面会发出光芒，每隔一小时报时一次。
每年的夏季与冬天时间转换时会把钟停止，进行零件的修补、交换，钟的调音等。
大本钟的可靠性毋庸置疑，自从建成，伦敦格林威治天文台的官员每天两次派人校对此钟。
不过有一次它把时间报错了，因为一名在大本钟上作业的油漆粉刷工在钟面上挂了一个油漆桶，把钟弄慢了。
2009年6月1日，欢庆启用150周年。
2012年6月26日，英国政府宣布为庆祝伊丽莎白二世登基60周年，将大本钟所在的钟楼正式改名为伊丽莎白塔。
