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花山英文导游词

时间:2013-09-22 10:11

关于花山壁画的导游词作文

古人曾说:“春蚕到死丝方尽,蜡炬成灰泪始干。

”这句名言已流传千古。

老师你是辛勤的园丁,修剪着我们;你是蜡烛,奉献了自己,照亮了他人;老师你是„„你对我们的爱,我们无法用语言表达呀回头想想,无论是成功后的喜悦,做错事的愧疚,莽撞后的尴尬,离别后的思念都值得我们细细采撷,慢慢体会。

岁月匆匆,花开花落,敬爱的老师我忘不了你那谆谆的教诲,忘不了你那慈祥的目光,你把一生都献给了你的事业,对我们倾注了无限期望和心血

你用那汗水浇绿了无数颗树,你用心血染红了千万朵花,你那精神是我们前进的动力,老师你是伟大的,你桃李满天下,你被许多歌赞美过、歌颂过。

你教给我们知识,你说:“知识就是力量”交给我们如何做人,你说:“做人也要像蜡烛一样,在有限的一生中有一份热发一份光,给人以光明,给人以温暖”你教给我们的东西不计其数,是我们人生路上的引路人。

让我们变得坚强、不甘弱士,做事情的时候,认定目标、坚持不解、脚踏实地的。

老师加减乘除算不尽,你所做的贡献,诗词歌赋,颂不完对你的崇敬

你用知识的甘露,浇开我们理想的花朵,你用心灵的清泉,润育我们情操的美。

老师我祝愿你桃李满天下,教育事业更上一层楼

写一篇关于宁明花山壁画200字的导游词

宁明花山崖壁画在南宁市以南约180公里处的宁明县驮龙镇,那里有一座峰峦绵延的断岩山,临明江西壁断裂,临江峭壁布满了神奇的远古岩画。

关于花山岩画的导游词作文

风雨人生路,朋友可以为你挡风寒,为你分忧愁,为你解除痛苦和困难,朋友时时会伸出友谊之手.她是你登高时的一把扶梯,是你受伤时的一剂良药,是你饥渴时的一碗白水,是你过河时的一叶扁舟;她是金钱买不来,命令下不到的,只有真心才能够换来的最可贵、最真实的东西.  朋友是一种相思.  朋友是彼此的牵挂,彼此的思念,彼此的关心,彼此的依靠.思念就像是一条不尽的河流,像一片温柔轻拂的流云,像一朵幽香阵阵的花蕊,像一曲余音袅袅的洞箫.她有时也是一种淡淡的回忆、淡淡的品茗、淡淡的共鸣.  朋友是一种相辉.

承德外八庙英文 导游词

宁寺,俗称大佛寺,位于承德市中心区东北部武烈河畔,坐北朝南。

南北长约250米,东西宽约130米,占地8公顷(含普佑寺0.68公顷)。

建于乾隆二十年(1755年),乾隆二十四年(1759年)落成。

乾隆十八年(1753年),厄鲁特蒙古准噶尔部首领达瓦奇挑起民族动乱事端。

乾隆二十年二月,清政府派兵5万分两路直进伊梨,一举取得平乱胜利。

是年十月,乾隆在避暑山庄宴赉厄鲁特蒙古四部贵族,为纪念平息达瓦奇叛乱胜利和这次盛大集会,弘历效仿玄烨安定喀尔喀蒙古之后在多伦诺尔会盟建汇宗寺先例,决定按西藏三摩耶庙形制修建此庙。

乾隆二十二年(1757年),清政府又取得了平息准噶尔阿睦尔撒纳继达瓦齐之后的叛乱胜利,从而平息了准噶尔上层分子与中央政权的分裂活动,巩固了西北边防,维护了国家统一,实现了“臣庶咸愿安其居,乐其业,永永普宁”的安定局面,故此庙名之普宁寺。

普宁寺平面布局分前后两部分,四进院落,以金刚墙为界,前半部为汉族伽蓝七堂式,后半部为藏族三摩耶庙式。

主体建筑贯穿于中轴线上,呈纵深式对称格局。

庙前广场 庙前原有广场,东、西、南各有木制牌坊一座,中有打鬼亭,今均无存。

清代,每年的腊月二十五至二十七日和正月初八至十五日,普宁寺都要主持举办庙会,外八庙的喇嘛齐集于此参加活动,正月十三举办大型“跳步踏”音乐舞蹈表演。

逛庙会的佛教徒及其他群众来自四面八方,络绎不绝。

广场周围人山人海,各类买卖摊贩争相叫卖,非常热闹。

山门 面阔五楹,进深一间,中辟券门三座。

门殿为黄琉璃瓦绿剪边单檐歇山顶,檐下用单翘单昂五踩斗拱。

山门两侧设腰门。

门殿内两侧置泥塑金刚神哼哈二将。

碑亭 从山门起,中轴线上迎面为碑亭,面宽三楹,进深三间,方型,重檐歇山,下檐单翘单昂,上檐单翘重昂,黄琉璃瓦绿剪覆顶,四面设门,亭下砌台基,台基置栏杆。

亭内置御制石碑三座,碑下有方趺,上有龙首,四面用满、汉、蒙、藏四种文字镌刻碑文。

中间是“普宁寺碑”,东为“平定准噶尔勒铭伊犁之碑”,西为“平定准噶尔后勒铭伊犁之碑”。

分别记述修建普宁寺的历史背景、意义和清政府平定达瓦奇、阿睦尔撒纳叛乱的始末。

碑亭北面两侧为钟鼓楼,各为三间方形两层楼阁,单檐歇山顶。

天王殿 位碑亭正北,面阔五楹,进深三间,前后檐装有板壁,中为明间设欢门,东西稍间设欢窗,两山砌石墙,绿色剪边黄琉璃瓦单檐歇山屋顶,前后各出三阶。

明间檐悬“天王殿”立匾,正中迎面供布袋和尚木眙雕像一尊,其后面北塑立像护法神韦驮。

殿内东西两侧塑四大天王。

天王殿两侧以腰墙封闭,组成一进院落,腰墙辟掖门。

大雄宝殿 位天王殿正北,是前半部二进院落的主体建筑。

座基高1.4米,用青石雕砌成须弥座式,殿前设月台,前后各出三阶,月台东西各出一阶。

月台及殿基各角设石雕螭首,月台上置大型铜鼎四个(现存鼎座)。

大殿面阔七楹,进深五间,中央五间设隔扇,两边尽间装槛窗,殿后中央三间设隔扇,东西四间封实墙。

大殿为重檐歇山屋顶,覆绿剪边黄琉璃瓦,殿脊正中置铜镏金舍利塔,下桅为五踩单翘单昂斗拱。

上檐正中县:“大雄宝殿”陡匾,用满、蒙、汉、藏四种文字书写,汉文为乾隆御笔。

下檐正中悬黑泥金漆匾,乾隆御笔“金轮法界”。

殿内供奉主尊竖三世佛,中为现世佛释迦牟尼,西为前世佛迦叶,东为后世佛弥勒。

每尊佛像高4.9米,置于高2.9米的石雕须弥座上。

像前设供桌三张,上摆七珍八宝五拱,供桌两边设木制镏金塔两座,每座供藏泥漆金佛56尊。

东西两侧神台上供木制十八罗汉,山墙上绘十八罗汉壁画。

北墙壁画为八大菩萨,从东往西依次是:普贤、文殊、弥勒、金刚手、虚空藏、观世音、地藏王、除垢障。

释迦牟尼像顶部高悬“仁佑大千”御匾。

三世佛中间抱柱挂巨幅楹联一对,为乾隆皇帝手书。

上联“福溥人天阿耨耆开紫塞”,下联“妙涵空有 拥金绳。

”外圈立柱楹联两副,一副是“镇留岚气闲庭贮,时落钟声下界闻”。

一副是“虚无梵呗空中唱,缥缈天花座上飘。

”后檐联是“震亘教宏宣广刹昙霏普资福荫,朔陲功永定新潘鳞集长庆宁居。

”大雄宝殿前面东西各置配殿,东配殿面阔五楹,进深三间,单檐歇山顶,内供三尊藏传佛教密宗金刚护法神。

从左至右依次为:吉祥天母,藏名班达拉母(详见普陀宗乘之庙注释);大天黑,又名六臂护法尊;降阎魔尊,又名能怖金刚、阎罗敌。

西配殿与东配殿形制同,内供菩萨3尊,北为文殊骑青狮,中为观音骑朝天,南为普贤骑白象。

大乘之阁 位大雄宝殿后,地势陡然突起,用条石砌筑的金刚墙高8.92米,内里填垫灰土夯实,形成一块平坦台地,用以组织此庙后半部的藏式建筑。

金刚墙南部两侧分设石阶蹬道,各42级。

拾级而上过南 部洲门殿即进入了佛国极乐世界。

普宁寺的“极乐世界”,总体布局系藏传佛教宇宙观的立体图徽,按西藏三摩耶庙规制设计。

主体建筑大乘之阁居中矗立,象征须弥山,两侧有日、月,周有部洲山,总体就像一驾大型车乘,由大海承载,日、月旋轮,滚滚向前,永不止息。

大乘之阁起于大型须弥基座之上,基座高1.6米,东西长36米,南北宽13.7米。

阁前设宽敞月台,南出三阶,中为双龙戏珠石雕御道,两侧条石砌阶,周围排立石雕云龙栏杆54根。

阁前上檐悬“大乘之阁”陡匾,满、蒙、汉、藏四种文字书写;下檐悬“鸿庥普荫”横额,汉字书写。

大乘之阁仿三摩耶庙乌策殿建造,内部为三层楼结构,中为空井,周设回廊,旋梯型垂直交通方式。

大乘之阁面阔七楹,27.71米,进深五间,19.97米。

主体部分栽设两圈通柱形成三层垂直框架,上下贯通。

内圈16根,高24.47米,柱顶横柁梁4架,外圈通柱24根,高13.72米,贯穿两层。

两圈通柱由间枋连结,间枋断面32×26厘米,双料,上铺楞木、地板。

大乘之阁正面外观为六檐五层,一层东西设抱厦,上置腰檐,中央三间设隔扇,两边四间设槛窗。

二层正面为重檐,上檐回转四周,下檐两侧封以实墙,墙上开梯窗两排,两檐之间设童柱一圈。

三层向内收进一步架,面阔七楹,两头尽间内收一半,进深五间,稍间减半。

四层面阔收成五间,进深三间,四角每间覆以方形黄琉璃瓦攒尖屋顶,上置铜质镏金宝顶四个,拟比四天王天。

第五层面阔收成三间,尽间减半,覆以大型攒尖屋顶,上置大型镏金宝顶,拟比须弥山,与下层四顶构成四王卫之势。

这种屋顶组合手法反映了汉式木结构屋顶多变的特点,既不同于伽蓝七堂,又不同于乌策大殿,是我国殿阁建筑中的一个创造。

背面四层,底层中央三间设隔扇门,两边四间设槛窗;二层仍七开间,设槛窗,两尽间减半;三层收成五间,槛窗;四层与正面同。

侧面五层,底部一、二层封实墙,置梯形盲窗,间或明窗;三层进深五间,尽间收进一半;四层收成三间;五层三间,尽间减半。

阁内供奉主尊是密宗千手千眼观音菩萨,女相,全木结构。

观音脚踩莲花座,高1.01米,莲花座下置石雕须弥座,高1.22米,佛像通高22.28米,腰围15米,使用木材120立方米,头重5.2吨,全身重110吨,是世介上最高最大的木质雕像。

大佛内部中空,木架结构,分为四层,每层中间设隔板。

中间直立一根柏木通柱,高25米,直径65厘米。

通柱四周设四根斜柱与承重边柱相连,形成整体框架。

框架周边围站板,站板外雕刻衣纹。

佛体一层为下肢部位,8.5米,边柱10根;二层为腰部,5米,边柱9根;三层为胸部,4.28米,边柱4根;四层为头部,4.5米,边柱4根固佛按人体结构造像,比例匀称,形像洒脱,衣纹花饰做工精细,是我国宗教造像之珍宝。

大佛头梳发髻,戴借冠,佛冠上镶嵌坐姿佛像一尊,头顶雕立姿佛像一尊,名阿弥陀佛;观音面部有三只眼睛,表示能回知过去,见知现在,预知未来;身披袈裟、偏衫,赤足,颈上挂套念珠,两耳垂环,腕戴珠圈;正身双手合十,左右各有臂手20只(计40只)每只手心有一只,40倍以25有(佛教中25种善德)即千手千眼。

手中持刀、枪、箭、戟、轮、螺、伞、盖、花、罐、鱼、长、日、月、铃、杵、哈达等法器。

大佛两侧,东为善财,西为龙女。

大殿一层钻金柱面南有黑漆金字条幅:“具大神通完十行,是真清净现三身”;面北有“耆天开金碧辉煌香界朗,精兰云护 馥梵林深”;阁内二层有联“半满真参不漏,色空妙谛证无遮”顶层题额“真如圆满”,联为“传大千法宝,阐第一宗风”。

二层廓上摆宝塔八座,自西向南、向东、向北分别为降魔塔、莲花塔、三轮塔、六十四角塔(两座)、八角塔、纪念塔、万寿塔,南部正中面北三座佛像为三世佛。

两面山墙整齐排列一万零九十尊高15厘米的藏泥贴金无量寿佛,称万佛龛。

四大部洲 大乘之阁四方各置大型台殿一座,代表须弥山四周咸海中的四大洲:东胜神州,半月形,白台上设矩形黄琉璃庑殿;西牛货洲,庑殿呈椭圆形;南赡部洲,庑殿呈梯形,俗称三角殿;北俱卢洲,庑殿呈方形,供奉财宝天王。

八小部洲 四大部洲每一部洲又分置不同形状的重层白台两座,内有踏步可通上下,此谓八小部洲,亦八中洲:东胜神洲前后分别是提诃洲和毗提诃洲;西牛货洲前后是舍谛洲和上仪洲;南赡部洲两侧是遮末罗洲和筏罗遮末罗洲;北俱卢洲两侧为矩拉婆洲 拉婆洲。

.喇嘛塔 日月殿 大乘之阁四角布置了四个方座瓶状宝塔,名喇嘛塔或舍利塔。

东南角紫红色,塔身饰莲花,不示佛性如莲,出污泥而不染,塔底藏佛骨(舍利);东北角黑灰色,饰琉璃十字宝杵,藏西藏笨教经典;西北角为黄白色,饰琉璃法轮,藏吐蕃赞普松赞干布及赤松德赞战胜外敌的战利品;西南角为绿色,塔底藏财宝,备寺庙遭灾坍毁重建之用。

四座塔均为宝瓶形,塔身上部置相轮,十三层,代表佛教十三层天。

相轮上置承露盘,再上置日、月,日、月(阳阴)相交产生甘露注入宝瓶;日、月上置火焰,象征佛教如日、月,火焰永不止息。

大乘之阁东西两侧各有长方形白台一座,上置庑殿,黄琉璃瓦饰顶,东为日殿,西为月殿。

大乘之阁前东西两侧各设一个跨院,北方民间四合院形式。

东为妙严室,是皇帝礼佛时休息的地方。

正殿条幅为“对物共春台豳风入咏,愿人登福地王会成图”。

西为讲经堂,蒙古章嘉活佛常来此讲经。

普宁寺东西两侧为僧房群,再东为普佑寺。

自己翻译去

急需一篇开封府的英语导游词

At present, only unearthed in the corner of South King Palace, Palace of the group of less than 1%, yet the main part of his palace. Because it is now casual water unearthed only 22 meters, yet to see a higher level and the threshold, it is estimated that the North Hall of the wall on the 1st of more than 50 meters in length. Have information on, the early Han Dynasty in Xi'an长乐宫building from east to west前殿Zhangting 50, and up to 200 meters while未央宫. Based on current clues, hidden in the underground palace of South Vietnam should be a lot of blocks! And each are a group of buildings. South King Palace is based on the construction of the Western Han Chang'an, Chang'an town has未央宫,长乐宫, Mingguang Palace, Palace and other GUI palaces, and each function of the palace is not the same, is that the emperor未央宫leaders North Korea will群臣place, and it is the emperor长乐宫Empress office and bedroom. King had been unearthed in South Vietnam and India have a Chang'an Palace is the seal, and now I unearthed the Chang'an Palace Hall will do? According to the Western Han Chang'an city planning, city未央宫in the southwest, southeast长乐宫in the city, and Jianzhang Palace in the west outside the city.未央宫and are built in长乐宫Longshou high plateau on the ground, use of the topography of the parents to highlight the emperor and took control of the commanding heights of the city, in favor of cities and the emperor's own security. Han emperor Liu Bang长乐宫received in the initial朝贺when civil and military群臣proudly said: I do know that the noble king. One of the palace is now the site is the Yu Shan in ancient high ground, is located southeast of the city of赵佗side, the location and the location of the Western Han Dynasty长乐宫similar to the southeast side is the Royal Garden for royal leisure and recreational purposes. Therefore, I will be长乐宫Hall? Worth considering. Guangzhou municipal government has planned the construction site of the Department of the South Vietnamese museums Palais des Nations, it is estimated that more than 10 billion to spend. Only to the cost of the current has reached more than 500 million yuan, not including the cost of the relocation of house demolition. Mayor Lin said: The loss of land for construction of a few can be the loss of the value of heritage can not come with money count. Wealth left behind by our ancestors can not be defeated by the hands of our generation. 2, the Western Han Dynasty King Nanyue

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Shennongjia Scenic Area The Shennongjia district in remote northwestern Hubei has the wildest scenery in the province. With heavily forested mountains of fir, pine and hemlock -including something rare in China, old-growth stands -the area is known as a treasure trove of more than 1300 species of medicinal plants. Indeed, the name for the area roughly translates as ‘Shennong’s Ladder’ to commemorate a legendary emperor, Shennong, believed to be the founder of herbal medicine and agriculture. According to the legend, he heard about some special plants growing up high on a precipice, so he cut down a great tree and used it to climb to the site and reach the plants, which he added to his medical collection. As part of a more modern legend, Shennongjia is also famous for the sightings of wild, ape-like creatures - a Chinese equivalent of the Himalayan Yeti or the North American Bigfoot. The stories are interesting, but the creatures seem to be able to distinguish between peasants and scientists -molesting the former and evading the latter. Nevertheless, there is a small base station set up in the reserve with displays of ‘evidence’ of sightings. More real, but just as elusive perhaps, are species of leopard, bear, wild boar and monkey (including the endangered Golden Snub-Nosed Monkey) that reportedly inhabit the area. Foreigners are only allowed into the area of the Shennongjia district near the town of Muyuping, 200km northwest of Yichang. There are two high peaks in the area, Shennongjiashan at 3105m and Laojunshan at 2936m. It’s a 10-hour bus ride to Muyuping from Yichang, or you can take a boat to Xiangxi (five hours) on the Three Gorges and from there it’s a 90km ride to Muyuping. From Muyuping you will have to hire a car to get into the reserve. Banbiyan Banbiyan, 5 kilometres from Liaowang Tower, is famous for its stone forest and for sightings of the so-called wild man, the Chinese Yeti. The bamboo that covers the mountain and plain makes a great hiding place for anyone wanting to hang out with Bigfoot.At nearly 2,600 metres, the grassy meadows of Banbiyan frequently play host to a colorful festival of song and dance by the locals. Custom dictates that visitors are welcomed by song. Not quite The Sound of Music, but the spectacle is a once-in-a-lifetime experience for many. Shennongding The pyramid-sharp Shennong Peak covers an area of about 2 square kilometres, rising from the centre to China to a height of 3105 metres above sea level. Clouds often nestle at the summit where ridges stretch on into the distance. The area is covered by tiers of fir, bamboo and azalea. The firs, as tall as 40 metres, have dense leaves on branches that block off the sunlight. The azaleas blossom pink and violet in summer. The area is also home to some rare animals including the golden monkey, white bear and antelope.Yanzidong Halfway up a hill just east of Yanziya lies Yanzidong, a cave famous for its golden swallows. A short 50 metre climb up from the road leads to the entrance - the cave itself heads backwards into the mountain for more than 3 kilometres. One of the few swallows that doesn‘t migrate seasonally, the golden swallow inhabits the cave all year round. Standing inside the entrance, you will breathe in the damp air and watch steam rising from the walls, which gleam like glass. Above hang the birds‘ nests, warm and dry.Outside the cave you can watch the swallows dancing in the air, and diving in and out of their dark home.

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