Help!!翻译
一个作家一定会宣称并赞赏那些能力受到肯人，只因他们伟大的心灵和精神品质——在受到挫败时无畏，充满勇气，宽容人。
我相信这样的一位作家，他不过分迷信人们改己的能力，也不沽名钓誉。
这正john Stenbeck在他获得1962年诺贝尔文学奖是的获奖感言
约翰·斯坦贝克的诺贝尔文学奖获奖感言
瑞典皇家文学院认为我的作品有资格获得这一最高的荣誉，我对此谨致谢意。
对于自己是否超过了其他我所崇敬的作家而当之无愧地获奖，我在内心深处表示怀疑；但毋庸置疑，我对自己能有幸获奖，则是既欣喜而又引以为豪的。
依照惯例，获奖者应就文学的性质与方向发表学术见解或个人之见。
可我认为，在这特定的时刻，思考一下作家的崇高义务和职责，倒是十分适宜的。
诺贝尔文学奖和我此时站立的这个讲坛名闻遐迩，因此，我不应该像一只感恩戴德的老鼠一样，吱吱地抱歉不休，而应该如一只雄狮那样，为自己的职业以及长期以来从事这一职业的伟人和善者发出吼声。
文学不是由一群苍白懦弱、吹毛求疵、在空旷的教堂里祈祷的教士们传播的，它既不是供深居简出的特权阶层娱乐的，也并非是陷于绝望、但又喜好自吹的乞丐们的一种游戏。
文学与言语一样源远流长，它是应人们的需求而产生的，除了对这种需求的日益增长外，文学并没有发生什么变化。
吟唱诗人、行吟诗人和作家并不是独立的和相互排斥的，从一开始，他们的作用、义务和职责就由我们人类规定好了。
人类一直经历着阴沉暗淡的混乱年月。
我的伟大先驱，威廉`福克纳在此地发表演说时，曾把这种情形称为一种普遍的生理恐惧而导致的悲剧；这种情形持续了如此之久，以至于精神问题已不复存在。
正因为如此，唯有相互冲突的人类之心才值得描写。
福克纳比大多数人高明，他既了解人类的力量，又了解人类的弱点；他知道，理解和消除恐惧是需要文学家存在于世的一个重要理由。
这并不是新颖的观点。
作家自古领受的任务并没有改变。
他们负有暴露人类那许多可悲的缺点和失败的职责，并且为了人类进步而有责任把我们的阴郁噩梦暴露于光天化日之下。
此外，作家有义务宣告并赞美人类经过考验而形成的能力，即豁达的胸怀，崇高的精神，虽败不馁的斗志，以及勇敢、热情和仁爱。
在同怯懦与绝望进行的永不停息的斗争中，这些是充满希望和进取精神、振奋人心的光辉旗帜。
我认为，一个作家如不满怀激情地相信人类具有臻于完美的能力，那么他在文学方面就会毫无建树，也不该在文学领域中占有一席之地。
当前普遍存在的恐惧是，我们在认识和处理物质世界的一些危险因素时，引起了一种滚滚向前的浪潮。
诚然，人类认识的其他阶段尚未赶上这一巨大的步伐，不过，丝毫没有理由假定，这些方面不能或不会与之齐头并进。
无疑，作家的部分职责就是确保它们一起向前发展。
人类曾坚定不移地与一切自然界的仇敌进行斗争，有时几乎不可避免的失败和毁灭，既然我们有着如此悠久并值得自豪的历史，那么，倘若我们还未能取得伟大的胜利就逃离战场，那我们就成了懦夫和愚人。
（还有几段文字看不清楚，怪书虫了。
）
求约翰·斯坦贝克的诺贝尔文学奖获奖感言，演讲稿译文。
在线等
Banquet SpeechJohn Steinbeck's speech at the Nobel Banquet at the City Hall in Stockholm, December 10, 1962I thank the Swedish Academy for finding my work worthy of this highest honor.In my heart there may be doubt that I deserve the Nobel award over other men of letters whom I hold in respect and reverence - but there is no question of my pleasure and pride in having it for myself.It is customary for the recipient of this award to offer personal or scholarly comment on the nature and the direction of literature. At this particular time, however, I think it would be well to consider the high duties and the responsibilities of the makers of literature.Such is the prestige of the Nobel award and of this place where I stand that I am impelled, not to squeak like a grateful and apologetic mouse, but to roar like a lion out of pride in my profession and in the great and good men who have practiced it through the ages.Literature was not promulgated by a pale and emasculated critical priesthood singing their litanies in empty churches - nor is it a game for the cloistered elect, the tinhorn mendicants of low calorie despair.Literature is as old as speech. It grew out of human need for it, and it has not changed except to become more needed.The skalds, the bards, the writers are not separate and exclusive. From the beginning, their functions, their duties, their responsibilities have been decreed by our species.Humanity has been passing through a gray and desolate time of confusion. My great predecessor, William Faulkner, speaking here, referred to it as a tragedy of universal fear so long sustained that there were no longer problems of the spirit, so that only the human heart in conflict with itself seemed worth writing about.Faulkner, more than most men, was aware of human strength as well as of human weakness. He knew that the understanding and the resolution of fear are a large part of the writer's reason for being.This is not new. The ancient commission of the writer has not changed. He is charged with exposing our many grievous faults and failures, with dredging up to the light our dark and dangerous dreams for the purpose of improvement.Furthermore, the writer is delegated to declare and to celebrate man's proven capacity for greatness of heart and spirit - for gallantry in defeat - for courage, compassion and love. In the endless war against weakness and despair, these are the bright rally-flags of hope and of emulation.I hold that a writer who does not passionately believe in the perfectibility of man, has no dedication nor any membership in literature.The present universal fear has been the result of a forward surge in our knowledge and manipulation of certain dangerous factors in the physical world.It is true that other phases of understanding have not yet caught up with this great step, but there is no reason to presume that they cannot or will not draw abreast. Indeed it is a part of the writer's responsibility to make sure that they do.With humanity's long proud history of standing firm against natural enemies, sometimes in the face of almost certain defeat and extinction, we would be cowardly and stupid to leave the field on the eve of our greatest potential victory.Understandably, I have been reading the life of Alfred Nobel - a solitary man, the books say, a thoughtful man. He perfected the release of explosive forces, capable of creative good or of destructive evil, but lacking choice, ungoverned by conscience or judgment.Nobel saw some of the cruel and bloody misuses of his inventions. He may even have foreseen the end result of his probing - access to ultimate violence - to final destruction. Some say that he became cynical, but I do not believe this. I think he strove to invent a control, a safety valve. I think he found it finally only in the human mind and the human spirit. To me, his thinking is clearly indicated in the categories of these awards.They are offered for increased and continuing knowledge of man and of his world - for understanding and communication, which are the functions of literature. And they are offered for demonstrations of the capacity for peace - the culmination of all the others.Less than fifty years after his death, the door of nature was unlocked and we were offered the dreadful burden of choice.We have usurped many of the powers we once ascribed to God.Fearful and unprepared, we have assumed lordship over the life or death of the whole world - of all living things.The danger and the glory and the choice rest finally in man. The test of his perfectibility is at hand.Having taken Godlike power, we must seek in ourselves for the responsibility and the wisdom we once prayed some deity might have.Man himself has become our greatest hazard and our only hope.So that today, St. John the apostle may well be paraphrased: In the end is the Word, and the Word is Man - and the Word is with Men.--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Prior to the speech, R. Sandler, Member of the Royal Academy of Sciences, commented, «Mr. John Steinbeck - In your writings, crowned with popular success in many countries, you have been a bold observer of human behaviour in both tragic and comic situations. This you have described to the reading public of the entire world with vigour and realism. Your Travels with Charley is not only a search for but also a revelation of America, as you yourself say: ‹This monster of a land, this mightiest of nations, this spawn of the future turns out to be the macrocosm of microcosm me.› Thanks to your instinct for what is genuinely American you stand out as a true representative of American life.»
