一、听力的训练方法
听、说、读、写四种技能相互紧密联系，“听”处于最基础的地位，然而听的技能需要进行系统的训练。为了提高学生的听力，平时教师在教学中应采用多层次、多形式的听力训练。
1.听读结合
考生可以把听力的原文材料拿来读和背诵，如果考生能熟读及背诵常见的情景对话，那么在考试的时候，会对听力材料非常熟悉，这样做不仅提高了学生的听力水平，同时也可以促进口语训练，即以口语来突破听力。在平时的教学中，教师可以充分利用教科书的朗读带，让学生听音的同时，对照课本跟读录音，对录音中的语音、语调进行模仿，这对听力较差的学生尤其适用，而对听力较好的学生，可以让他们脱离课本听课文。这种形式最为简便，学生也容易接受。
2.听说结合
让学生听一些简短的句子进行复述，也可以用自己的语言来描述所听的内容。这个方法主要锻炼学生对于语言的接收及输出能力。也可以选择课文中的对话或短文，听完一段录音后，教师可以提一些简单的问题，让学生做简略的回答。对于一般疑问句可以只回答Yes或No；对疑问句可以只回答所问的部分；如What did she do yesterday afternoon？——Shopping.对学生一下子回答不出来的问题，可针对性地重复听，在听时要提醒学生根据问句的不同疑问词来确定听力的重点。
3.听写结合
听写是训练学生听、拼写和写作技能的一种很好的方式。这是教师在英语课堂上常用的一种检测教学效果的手段，内容一般有听写单词、词组、句子或短文。也可以抽去一篇短文中的某些关键词，要求学生边听边填空，即听力完形。这样可以有计划地训练如年、月、日、数字、单词连读等辨音能力。在听写内容上可以使用课文中的段落，也可以是部分课文的改写。听写应成为学生经常性的训练方式。
4.积极营造语言环境，课内课外相结合
听力的培养也离不开良好的英语学习氛围，平时教师也应该注重这方面的培养。在组织课堂教学时，教师应有意识地尽量多说英语，并用学生已学的英语解释新的语言现象。无形中，学生的听力也得到了锻炼。在课堂之余，教师应鼓励学生多听英语广播，多收看英语节目或电影，提倡用英语交谈。学生不用增加负担，就可增加接触英语的机会，加强听力的训练。
二、应试技巧
影响英语听力理解的因素是多方面的，但主要是知识性障碍。诸如对语音、语法知识掌握得不够，对词汇不熟悉，跟不上语速，对英语国家的文化背景知识不了解等。除此之外，在听力测试时，学生应具备一些必要的方法和技巧。下面是学生听力应试时的一些注意事项：
1.心理素质的培养
要想提高听力水平同时还应具备良好的心理素质。如果在听录音时，主动且不带任何心理负担地去听，理解率就高，就可以最大限度地发挥听者的现有水平。许多学生有这样的体会：一紧张就什么都听不懂。要想培养良好的心理素质，就要克服自己的不良心理障碍，变压力为动力，从而增强自己的信心。学生应该从高、从严要求自己。正确地看待自己，时刻保持平衡心态，做到认真而不慌乱。只有稳定情绪，持之以恒，经过大量的听力训练，其听力效果才能体现出来，从而考出理想的`成绩。所以，培养良好的心理素质是提高听力水平的保证。
2.词汇量
词汇量不足也会影响听力的效率，因此掌握一定的词汇量尤为重要。试想，如果听到一段话，有很多生词，无论你怎么推理、判断也不可能弄明白它到底讲些什么。这就要求学生注意词汇的积累。首先在词汇上要有耐心、多练习、勤复习。其次记单词，要兼用机械记忆与理解记忆，兼用视觉记忆、听觉记忆与动觉记忆，要在句子里记单词，也要专攻单词。有了一定的词汇基础，学生做听力会更有信心，效果会更好。
3.学会预测话题，抓住重点
利用每段对话或独白开始前的指令时间，快速浏览或边听边看问题和选项，并对所要解答的问题做一定的预测，从而做到心中有数，提前做好心理准备，获得主动。另外，考生应熟悉听力材料中常见的问题，可以先画出一些关键词，有针对性地带着问题去听，以便更容易理解听力内容。
（1）对话双方的关系（Who are the speakers？）
（Who is the speaker talking to？）
（What’s the relationship between the two speakers？）
（2）事情发生的地点（Where does the conversation take place？）
（3）说话的话题（What are they talking about？）
（4）短文的主题（What is the main topic of the passage？）
4.做好记录，提高记忆效率
好记性不如烂笔头，一个人的记忆再好也不能把所有的东西都记住。若对话或短文中涉及时间、地点、人名、数字、价格等信息时，要及时记录下来以免遗忘，可以用首字母或做一些记号的方式来记录，如：“in the morning”“in the afternoon”可分别简记成“a.m”和“p.m”。“up”和“down”可分别用符号“↑”和“↓”来代替，这样可以节省很多时间，也可以帮助考生记住一些重要的信息。
5.掌握一些基本读音规则
英、美国家的人在实际交际中使用的是连读、弱化、失去爆破、辅音连缀等读音技巧，这对中国学生来说听起来倍感吃力，在应试时，考生应注意这些读音规则，以免影响对句子、短文的理解。
6.拓宽文化背景知识
学生常抱怨听力水平提高不快，这除了因学生英语基础差、词汇量小、语法掌握不够等原因外，还有一个重要的原因就是对英语国家的文化背景知识知之甚少。很多学生总是以固有的思维去思考问题，而东西方文化的差异，形成了运用语言的不同，生活习惯的不同或行为准则的不同。学生应该有意识地对东西文化进行比较，找出差异，熟悉西方文化，尽量以说英语国家的思维方式去看待事物。这样有利于提高学生的跨文化交际能力。
总之，英语听力是一项综合性技能。英语的听、说、读、写四项技能是相辅相成的，要想提高听力水平，同时也要注意其他三项能力的培养，这样才能促进听力水平的进一步提高。这是一个反复实践的过程，要循序渐进，不要急于求成。只有坚持勤听多练，一定能提高自己的听力。
第一节（共5小题）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的.时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Why doesn’t the woman like to have red wine?
A.Because she doesn’t like its taste.
B.Because she prefers beer.
C.Because she is afraid of getting drunk.
2.What is the man going to buy?
3.What are the two speakers doing?
A.Looking for some suitcases.
B.Booking tickets for a journey.
C.Checking the woman’s baggage.
4.Why would the woman rather stay at the hotel?
A.It costs less money.
B.It saves much labor.
C.It feels more comfortable.
5. What are the two speakers talking about?
A.A painting. B.A country scene.
C.A kind of drink.
第二节（共15小题）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。
6.What is the relationship between the two speakers?
7.What can’t the man wait to do?
A.Go shopping with his wife.
B.Look after his children.
C.Work in his garden.
8.When does this conversation most probably take place?
A.On Wednesday.B.On Friday.
C.On Saturday.
听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。
9.What is the man trying to return to the store?
A.A dress. B.A shirt. C.A sweater.
10.Why does the man want to return the item?
A.It is the wrong size. B.It has a hole.
C. It gets smaller and fades.
11.What does the woman offer to do for the man?
A.Return his money. B.Exchange the item.
C.Give him store credit.
听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。
12.What’s the relationship between the woman and the man?
A.Teacher and student.B.Mother and son.
13.Why didn’t the maan come to the class last night?
A.He came back late and his friend was tired.
B.He had given it up.
C.He had been writing reports all day long.
14.What can we know about the man?
A.He is interested in learning foreign languages.
B.He can communicate with his friends in English.
C.He had studied the language before he came.
听第9段材料，回答第15至17题。
15.Why does the man feel bad?
A.He is out of work.
B.He isn’t used to the life there.
C.He has nobody else to talk to.
16.In what way is the woman speaking to the man?
17.According to the dialogue,what is their last decision?
A.To look for a job together.
B.To have a visit.
C.To move to the island.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.How many world’s flags contain red?
A.70%.B.80%.C.85%.
19.Why do people dislike black?
A.It means danger.
B.It makes people not noticed.
C.It makes people feel afraid.
20.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A.Different colors have different meanings.
B. Yellow is a very relaxing color and blue is a very calm color.
C.People who wear gray want to cover themselves to all.【听力材料及答案】
(Text 1)
M:Would you like to have some red wine?
W:No,thanks.I’d rather have tea.I drank some red wine last Friday when I was at my mum’s birthday.It was too sweet.
(Text 2)
M: I’m having a party tonight.Mike will buy food and drinks and I need something different.
W:How about some roses?
M:Oh,roses! How wonderful!
(Text 3)
W: I’m afraid I have forgotten something,but I don’t know what it is.I have my boat ticket here in my pocket and...
M:You have all your suitcases,don’t you?
W:Oh,one,two,three.Yes,they are all here.
(Text 4)
M: Why don’t we stay in one of the flats for our holiday,Mary? They sound just as good as the hotel,and it would be much cheaper.
W:But they’re quite different,you know.The hotel would be less work!
(Text 5)
M: What do you think of this one?
W:It is really not my cup of tea.Too modern and unusual.
M:But look at the colors and forms.Very imaginative.
W:Maybe.I prefer a painting showing a view of the countryside.
(Text 6)
M:Well,I’ll see you later,Mrs.Todd.My wife is waiting for me to take her shopping.
W:I understand.There’s a lot to get done at weekends,especially when you two work and the children are small.
M:That’s right.Jane and I have been talking about visiting you.So when I saw you in the garden,I decided to come over and say hello.
W:I’m glad you did.In fact,I should have called on you first,since you have newly moved here.
M:By the way,do you need anything from the store?
W:No,but thanks for the offer.And thank you for coming over.
M:It’s a pleasure.
(Text 7)
W:How can I help you?
M:I’d like to return this sweater.I bought it a week ago.
W:Well,first of all,what seems to be the problem?
M:Well,isn’t it obvious by just looking at it? The first time I washed and dried it,the thing shrank at least five sizes.
W:Uh,I see what you mean,but did you follow the washing instructions?
M:How was I supposed to know that? The label is written in Spanish! And the color faded from a nice dark blue to a light green.
W:Sir,we take a lot of pride in our clothing. What I can do is allow you to exchange the sweater for another one.
M:But I just want my money back!
W:Sorry.Since the item you bought was on clearance,we can’t give back your money.
M:A clearance item! Was I supposed to know that?
W:I guess you didn’t read the fine print in our ad.Look. Here’s the ad,and the information about the clearance sale is right here.
M:OK.I’ll exchange it for another one.But you should give credit for your goods next time.
(Text 8)
W:Why weren’t you at the German class last night,Tom?Have you given up?
M:Well,no...I came back late yesterday and found John sleeping in the chair.He’d been writing a report all day long and he was too tired to go out again,so we gave the lesson a miss.
W:You’ve missed quite a lot of lessons lately,haven’t you?Are you losing interest?
M:Yes,I’m afraid so.Neither John nor I have a gift for language.People just laugh at us when we attempt to speak German.How did you and Jane pick it up so quickly and easily?You’ve hardly been in Germany a month.
W:It was neither quick nor easy.We’d both studied the language before we came,and we only needed to revise it.
M:Anyway,all our friends here speak English very well,so we don’t really need to learn German.
(Text 9)
W:Did you go out today?
M:With my bad luck?What good would it have done if I’d gone out?
W:If you’d looked for a job,you might have found one.
M:But I’ve been looking for one over a year.Today wouldn’t have been any different.
W:I know how bad you feel,but if you don’t keep on looking,you’ll never get a job.
M：If I’d stayed in Puerto Rico in the first place,I wouldn’t have had so much trouble.
W:What would you have done?There are more people out of work there than there are here.
M:I could have had a farm of my own if I’d stayed there.
W:You?Up the mountains,with nobody to talk to,but the children?
M:I don’t like the city.There are too many people.There’s too much noise,too much dust.
W:I like here.
M:Yes,because your brother’s here.This is really your home.
W:Well,maybe we should go to Puerto Rico for a visit anyway.You could see Andis Nanco.
M:You really mean that?I’d like to see the island again and feel the sunshine and here everyone’s speaking Spanish.
(Text 10)
Different colors have different effects on people.Red is an exciting color.It creates an imageof action,energy and danger.Red is also the most frequently used color in flags,80% of the world’s flags contain red.A study in Germany showed that football teams wearing red are more successful.Blue is a very calm color.Businessmen usually wear dark blue suits.Blue is also a peaceful color.The flag of the United Nations is light blue.Yellow means freedom and green is a very relaxing color.Some doctors nowadays wear green,because it is less tiring than white.Black can also be a very threatening color while white is a pure and strong color.This is one reason why most doctors wear white coat.We trust them more.People wearing gray do not want others to notice them.Brown is the opposite of black.It is warm and friendly,while black is threatening.
1~5.ACCBA6~10.BACCC
11~15.BCABA16~20.CBBCB
一、题型分类
通过分析历年高考真题，我们可以将高考听力的题型归纳为以下三个方面：
1.细节题：包括时间、数字、地点、职业、人物身份等
when will the woman leave for mexico?
how much should the man pay?
where does the man work?
细节题的题目一般问得都直截了当，答案会在对话或短文中给出。
2.主旨大意题: 此类题往往涉及中心思想、主题或短文的题目
what is the topic of the talk?
what do we learn from his conversation?
3.推断题: 推断题要求考生根据录音中提到的信息，对短文或对话发生的时间、地点、原因、背景等进行合理的推测。
what will the man probably do in a few days?
where does the conversation take place?
二、复习方法
高考英语听力主要侧重考查学生对一定语境或情景做出的反应、推理判断能力以及对较长语段的理解能力。近两年来高考听力语速有所增快，每分钟130个词左右，已接近英美人士正常语速。如果想在最短的时间内迅速提高听力成绩,就要掌握正确的学习方法,否则只会事倍功半。下面为大家推荐一个高效听力学习方法”三三三法则”
1.每周精听三套历年高考真题或模拟题的听力部分
2.三听政策：1)模拟高考考场,进行听力自我测试;2)认真阅读听力材料,把不认识或者第一遍没有听清楚的单词,词组标记下来,反复朗读;3)合上听力材料再听一遍,努力听清楚第一遍没有听出来的部分。
3.每套题连续听三天(第二天只需泛听即可)
三、应试技巧
1.放松心情，轻松上阵
做听力题时要注意心态平和，不要急躁。很多同学考试的时候过度紧张，一道题没有听出来，马上就乱了阵脚，不知所措，导致后面的题连连失利，就像多米诺骨牌一样，一发不可收拾。因此，在考场上考生应学会选择，学会放弃，不要为了一棵树而放弃整片森林，应迅速调整心态，准备下一道题。
2.抓住重点，有的放矢
在录音播放之前,考生应抓紧时间快速将题目浏览一遍，并充分利用各段对话之间的停顿快速略读问题和选项，预测短文或对话可能涉及的内容，这样在听录音的时候才能做到有的放矢，有所侧重，带着问题去听。此外,还要注意录音中的干扰信息，比如题目问地点,对话中却涉及多个场景,这就要求我们看清题目和选项，排除干扰项。比如：
where will the woman first go after work? (04北京4)
a the cinema b the market c the restaurant
script:
man: are you in the end going straight to the restaurant from work tonight?
woman: actually i am leaving work early because i need to do some shopping in the market. and after that i am going to meet anne outside the cinema. she doesn’t know where the restaurant is. you know.
首先通过浏览题目找出关键词where, first.判定这是一道地点细节题，在听录音的`过程中我们要着重寻找cinema, market, restaurant这三个词，同时判断哪一个是the first.虽然restaurant 是第一个出现的词，但是从女方的回答中根据 after的提示，可知market是她第一个要去的地方。
3.集中精力，做好笔记
在听力材料较长或干扰信息较多的情况下，做好笔记显得尤为重要，这样就不会因为紧张记忆力下降而导致重要信息点的遗漏，可以大大提高作题的正确率。
