所谓复杂的定语从句，是指一个句子带有两个或两个以上定语从句的结构。这类定语从句在结构上与先行词的关系比较复杂，有如下几种形式：
1．自由式定语从句
自由式定语从句是指一个句子中两个或两个以上不同成分带定语从句的情况。这种从句的'先行词没有固定模式，在句中充当不同的句子成分，故该结构中的定语从句称为自由式定语从句。它们拆开来看，其实就是一个一个简单的定语从句，因此，其翻译也和简单的定语从句相同。
Thus the Arab Umayyed dynasty of caliphs, which had moved the capital from Medine to Damascus in 661, came to be regarded with much justification as a parasitic clique that had outlived its usefulness once the conquests were completed.
人们开始理由充分地认为，阿拉伯伍麦叶里发王朝是征服战争完成后毫无作用的一个寄生集团；伍麦叶王朝曾于661年从麦地那迁都大马士革。
该句中由which和that 引出两个定语从句，分别修饰做主语用的the Arab Umayyed dynasty of caliphs 和作宾语用的 a parasitic clique，翻译时一个被译成并列句，一个被译成定语。
2．嵌套式定语从句
嵌套式定语从句是指一个句子中定语从句套定语从句的情况。这种结构中的定语从句其实和自由式定语从句基本相似，拆开来也是一个独立的定语从句，只不过一个定语从句在另一个定语从句之中而已。因此，其翻译也与简单的定语从句相同。这里也仅举一例加以说明：
1、她就是那个努力学习数学的女孩。
She is the girl who studies math hard.
2、他就是我们刚才谈论的那个人。
He is the man whom/that we talked about just now.
3、这就是那个爸爸是警察的女孩。
This is the girl whose father is a policeman.
4、他们住在一座窗户朝南的房子里。
They live in a house whose windows face south.
5、我仍然记得我第一次来到这座城市的那一天
I still remember the day when we first arrived in the city.
6、这就是我们以前住过的房子
This is the house in which/where we used to live.
7、他们来到一所农舍，农舍前面坐着一个小男孩
They arrived at a cottage, in front of which sat a little boy.
8、我花10元钱买的钢笔丢了
I lost the pen that cost me 10 yuan.
9、那个女人住在楼下，她是个音乐家
The woman lives downstairs, who is a musician.
10、他考试通过了，这使他父母很高兴
He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.
11.、众所周知，中国将在2008年举办奥运会As we all know, china host the olympic games in 2008. china host the olympic games in 2008, which we all know.
12、我永远记得我参军的那一天
I will always remember the day when I joined the army.
13、我们班有50个学生，三分之二是女生
There are 50 students in our class, 2/3 of whom are girls.
14、我们期望的那一天将很快来到
The day (that/which we expect) will come soon.
15、他们正在谈论在公园里看到的人和物
They are talking about the people and things that they saw in the park.
16、这是30年代写的最著名的剧本之一
This is the one of the most famous scripts that was written in the 30s.
17.这正是我要为她买的礼物
This is the very present that I want to buy for her.
18、正在看电视的女孩是Kate.
The girl who is watching TV is Kate.
19、她就是照顾这些孩子的护士.
She is the nurse that took care of these children.
20、我遇见了告诉我这个消息的史密斯先生.
I met Mr. Smith, who told me the news.21、你认识我们在学校里遇见的老师吗?考试及答案
Do you know the teacher whom we met in the school?
22、她就是我们正在寻找的人.
She is the person we are looking for.
23、书包丢了的那个男孩叫Tom.
The boy is Tom who lost his bag.
The boy is tom whose bag was missing.
24、被叫到名字的男孩们站起来.
The boys whose names are called stand up please.
25、这就是你要的那本书。
This is the book you want.
26、那是我所见过的最大的地图.
This is the largest map that I have ever seen.
27、七八月份是天气很热的月份。
July and august are the months that are very hot.
28、它发生在我出生的那天。
It happened the day when I was born.
29、他昨天去了他曾经上过学的学校。
He went to the school where he used to studied.
30、你知道我们为什么早走吗?
Do you know the reason why we left early?
二、定语从句翻译句子
1.我们在医院一直照顾take care of的老太太死了.
The old lady whom we had taken care of in the hospital last year died.
2.你想娶marry的姑娘昨天偷了我的钱包。
The girl whom you want to marry stole your wallet yesterday.
3.孙老师写的书是世界上最好的书。
The book that Mt. Sun wrote is the best book in the world.
4.你喜欢女孩就是我喜欢的女孩。
The girl who you like is the girl who I like.
5.昨天被我家的狗咬的人bite今天又被你家狗咬了。
The man who was bit by my dog was bit by my dog today again.
6.你知道他打算娶reason你的原因吗？
Do you know the reason for which he is going to marry you?
Do you know the reason why he is going to marry you?
7.我讨厌hate我住过的那个旅馆hotel。
I hate the hotel where I lived.
I hate the hotel in which I lived.
I hate the hotel I lived in.
8.我永远也忘不了我们共同生活和学习的那个秋天autumn。
I will never forget the autumn when I studied and lived with you.
I will never forget the autumn in which I studied and lived with you.
9.他爱了20年的那个女孩昨天嫁marry人了。
The girl whom he had loved for 20 years married someone yesterday.
10.她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。
She is the beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
11.有什么事我能帮你吗？
Is there anything that I can do for you?
12.昨天死的那个老太太留下了100万美圆。
The old lady who died yesterday left one million.
13.昨天那个医生告诉我他为我爹什么也做不了了。
The doctor told me yesterday that there is nothing that he could do for my father.
14.这就是你能在上面找到答案的那一页.
This is the page ,where you can find the answer.
This is the page ,which you can find the answer on.
15.正像老师昨天说的那样，他没有通过考试。
As the teacher told me yesterday, he didn’t pass the exam.
16.正像我们刚才讨论的那样，学习英语很容易。
As we was discussing just now, it’s easy for us to study English.
17.正像我妈昨天告诉我的那样，我的女朋友根本不爱我。
As my mother told me yesteray , my girlfriend didn’t love me at all.
18.正像你知道的那样钱是非常重要的。
As you know, the money is very important.
19. 我们现在学的商务英语非常有用。
We are studying the business English, which is very useful for us In the future.
20.你知道你们家狗要死的原因吗？
Do you know the reason why your dog is going to die?
21. 她就是那个到明年年底，会攒一万美圆的那个女孩。
She is the girl who will have made ten thousand dollars by the end of nest year.
22. 你认识那个警察一直在找的小偷吗？
Do you know the thief whom (who) the policeman has been looking for?
23. 昨天他告诉我，是谁吃了我的苹果，那个苹果是我妈妈给我买的。
Yesterday, He told me who had eaten my apple which my mother bought for me.
24. 自从她出生以来她就从未见过她爸爸。
She has never seen her father since he was born.
25. 她昨天告诉我，自从他去年见到她父亲，就再也没有见过了。
Yesterday, she told me that she had never seen her father sine she was born
26. 你知道你们班长喜欢的那个是贼的女孩吗？
Do you know the girl who (whom) your monitor likes?
初中英语名词性that从句语法大全
【—名词性that从句】通常情况下，从属连词that所引导的从句叫做名词性that从句，有时候that从句作主语通常用it作先行词等这两种常用的方法。
初中英语语法大全：名词性that-从句
1）由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。 That只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义。名词性that-从句在句中能充当主 语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语，例如：
主语：That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
宾语：John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
表语：The fact is that he has not been seen recently. 事实是近来谁也没有见过他。
同位语：The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
近来谁也没有见过他，这一事实令办公室所有的人不安。
形容词宾语：I am glad that you are satisfied with your job.
你对工作满意我感到很高兴。
2）That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词，而将that-从句置于句末，例如：
It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure. 很清楚，整个计划注定要失败。
It's a pity that you should have to leave. 你非走不可真是件憾事。
用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系：
a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句
It is necessary that… 有必要……
It is important that… 重要的是……
It is obvious that… 很明显……
b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句
It is believed that… 人们相信……
It is known to all that… 从所周知……
It has been decided that… 已决定……
c. It + be +名词+ that-从句
It is common knowledge that… ……是常识
It is a surprise that… 令人惊奇的是……
It is a fact that… 事实是……
d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句
It appears that… 似乎……
It happens that… 碰巧……
It occurred to me that… 我突然想起……
that我们在使用的过程中一定不会陌生，因为我们经常会听到自己的老师重复道。所以希望我们同学也要好好的对此学习。
初中英语学习关于leave与forget的技巧
【—学习关于leave与forget的技巧】下文是关于leave与forget区别的具体介绍，供同学们学习参考。希望对同学们有帮助。
请先看下面两道中考题：
1. —Sorry, Mr. Green. I _____ my English book at home.
—That’s OK, but don’t forget next time. (淄博市中考英语)
A. forgot B. forget 初中化学 C. left D. kept
2. This morning I went to work in such a hurry that _____ the key to my office at home. (青岛市中考英语)
A. forgot B. left C. missed D. lost
这两道题的答案分别为C和B，即答案均选left。许多同学也许会弄不明白，因为根据句意，这两道题均应填表示“忘记”的词语，为什么不可以用forgot而非要用left呢？下面我们就来分析一下它们在表示“忘记”时的区别。
leave和forget均可表示“遗忘”，其区别为：
1. forget通常不能与表示地点的副词或短语连用。如：
Oh, I’ve forgotten my wallet. 噢，我忘记带钱包了。
Don’t forget the cases. 别忘了带箱子。
Oh, I’ve forgotten my key. 噢，我忘记带我的钥匙了。
Don’t forget the tickets and an unbrella. 别忘了带戏票和雨伞。
2. leave 在表示“遗忘”时，则通常要与表示地点的状语连用。如：
Oh, I’ve left my wallet at home. 噢，我的钱包放在家里忘记带了。
“I’ve left my watch upstairs.” “I’ll go and get it for you.” “我把表忘在楼上了。”“我去给你拿。”
She left the bag on the bus but it may not be there any longer. 她把包忘在了公共汽车上，可是现在也许不在那儿了。
Those who leave parcels on the train cannot expect to get them back. 把东西遗忘在火车上的人，别期望能找回失物。
注：有时leave连用的状语可能是疑问词where。如：
Where did I leave my shopping? 我把买到的东西忘在哪儿了?
上述是对于eave与forget的区别介绍，希望同学们能够好好的掌握。不懂的可以参考。
初中英语
【—之夏天】下面老师就为同学们带来一篇关于夏天的范文，供同学们写作参考。
It's almost the end of April. Summer has come to us in my city. In south, summer always comes earlier than north. It has been hot for about half a month. The highest temperature reached 37 degree. Now, there are much less people in the street. People are not likely to go out during the summer. It's so hot outside. Swimming is the most favorite activity in my city. The pools are always full filled with people. Parents often take their children to swimming pool at night. Personally, I do not like summer, because it's too hot and the sunshine is strong. I sweat a lot and that makes me very uncomfortable. Therefore,初中地理, summer is tough time for me and I always expect winter to come.
有人喜欢夏天的灼热，有人喜欢夏天的豪放，也有人讨厌夏天，就针对夏天，同学们也写下自己的感受吧！
初一英语作文：我的新牙刷
oh! my god. my toothbrush was broken last sunday. i couldn't brush my teeth. so i went shopping with my mother. there were so many tooth brushes.
finally we chose a blue one. there is a blue bird in it. it made in guangzhou. it is ten yuan. it's too expensive. but it is so beautiful. and i like it very much. so we bought it. my mother said that it is good for my teeth. then we went home. i can brush my teeth now. how happy i am 初三!
“10字”原则教你写出英语“一等文”
初中英语作文分为四等。一等文：13-15分；二等文：9-12分；三等文：5-8分；四等文：0-4分。今天教给大家十个字，搞定初中英语写作，帮你拿到一等文。那么究竟是哪十个字呢？
“结构+要点+逻辑+语法+亮点！”
结构：中考最流行的结构就是三段式，深受各地区中考英语写作阅卷老师的喜爱。为什么尼？因为这种结构十分清晰。“观点——要点——总结”让人一目了然。三段式的第一段：简单明了，开门见山，不超过2句话，如，我们想表达小强很强壮，第一段直接说 XQ is extremely strong. 观点明确，这一句足矣。第二段：分2-3点说为什么他强壮。1. 每天吃10顿饭，He has ten meals everyday! 详举吃的是什么。2. 每天运动2小时，He does exercise 2 hours a day! 详举做了什么运动。第三段：经过第二段的论证，可以得出结论。但请注意，不能完全照抄第一段，要有升华。也可以提出希望和建议等。如，How strong and robust XQ is! I hope to be him one day!
要点：实际上中考英语写作就等于两个字，翻译！因为中考英语写作一般会给出几个要点，要求必须在文章中有所体现。文章写的再好，只要缺少要点就会扣分。所以要点，也就是文章的第二段内容，要做到全，围绕中心。
逻辑：这里的逻辑实际指的就是逻辑词。最常用的就是表示递进的，转折的，总结的逻辑词等。递进：除了first, second, third, finally 等还可以使用高级点的，如first of all(首先)，in addition, what's more, moreover(都是另外的意思)，in a word, all in all（表示总结的）。转折：but, yet, however等。真正有经验的`阅卷老师会很注意这些逻辑连接词，因为这些词体现了这个文章的思路。
语法：其他几点都不是硬性的要求，不那样做不能说是错，只能说是不好，但是语法却是硬性的。如，单词的使用，时态等。
亮点：当我们将前八个字都做得很完美的时候也只能得到一个二等文的上。要想得到一等文，最后两个字，亮点至关重要。大家设想如果我们是阅卷老师。有两篇写人美丽的作文摆在我们面前，都是结构清晰的三段式，要点都很全，都用了一些逻辑词，都没有语法错误，但是A篇只用了beautiful,good-looking,B篇却用到了attractive，charming，catching等，我坚信正常人都会给B篇高分的。这些高级一点的词汇，词组，句型便是我们得到一等文的最有力的绝招。所以，以后写英语作文要养成一般词汇限量用的好习惯。
只要把这十个字都搞定了，那么初中英语写作就一定能搞定！
初中英语语法大全：特殊复数形式的名词
【—：特殊复数形式的名词】下面是对几种特殊的复数形式的名词知识讲解，希望同学们都能很好的掌握哦。
几种特殊的复数形式的名词
① 有些表示由两部分构成的东西和部分学科的名词总以复数的形式出现。如：glasses(眼镜)，shorts(短裤)，mathematics(数学)，physics(物理学)，politics(政治学)等。
②.有些复数形式的名词表示特别的意义。如：papers(文件)，manners(礼貌) 初中物理，goods(货物)，times(时代)，conditions(环境；情况)等。
③有些名词在习惯用语中一定要用复数形式。如：make friends with(与……交朋友)，shake hands with(与……握手)等。
以上对英语几种特殊的复数形式的名词知识的学习，相信同学们都已经能很好的掌握了吧，希望上面的内容给同学们的学习很好的帮助。
初中英语作文大全之fathers day
【—之fathers day】同学们还记得我们的父亲节吗，你也来表示一下吧。
fathers day
Yesterday was Father＇s Day. I had planned to give my father a present. But I didn＇t remember it until in the morning.It was too late to post a card to him. So I decided to buy something. When I was in the department store. I found it was not easy for me to choose something right for him.
Suddenly I got an idea. I ran home and opened my computer. I made a beautiful card and mailed him through the Internet. then I began to make supper. When father came home, he was very glad to find a big meal on the table. then I asked him to check his e-mail. He was amazed to find a beautiful card in his e-mail-box.
What a wonderful surprise!
Yesterday was Father＇s Day. I had planned to give my father a present. But I didn＇t remember it until in the morning.It was too late
希望我们同学们一定要孝敬我们的父母，记住父亲节，在那天给自己的父亲一个惊喜。
