
登鹳雀楼把哲理与景物、情势溶化得天衣无缝,成为鹳雀楼上一首不朽的绝唱。相关内容,一起来看看!
作品原文
登鹳雀楼①
唐 王之涣
白日②依③山尽④,黄河入海流。
欲⑤穷⑥千里目⑦,更⑧上一层楼。
注释译文
注释
①鹳雀楼:古名鹳鹊楼,因时有鹳鹊栖其上而得名,其故址在永济市境内古蒲州城外西南的黄河岸边。《蒲
州府志》记载:“(鹳雀楼)旧在郡城西南黄河中高阜处,时有鹳雀栖其上,遂名。”[1]
②白日:太阳。
③依:依傍。
④尽:消失。 这句话是说太阳依傍山峦沉落。
⑤欲:想要得到某种东西或达到某种目的的愿望,但也有希望、想要的意思。
⑥穷:尽,使达到极点。
⑦千里目:眼界宽阔。
⑧更:再。
译文
现代文译文之一
夕阳依傍着西山慢慢地沉没,滔滔黄河朝着东海汹涌奔流。
若想把千里的风光景物看够, 那就要登上更高的一层城楼。
现代文译文之二
太阳依傍山峦渐渐下落,黄河向着大海滔滔东流。如果要想遍览千里风景,请再登上一层高楼。
英文译文
译者 北京大学教授、翻译理论家、实践家许渊冲
On the Stork Tower
Wang Zhihuan
The sun beyond the mountain glows;The Yellow River seawards flows.
You can enjoy a grander sight;By climbing to a greater height.
格律
这首诗格律属于首句不入韵仄起式。
白日依山尽,仄仄平平仄(白为入声,故仄)
黄河入海流。平平仄仄平
欲穷千里目,仄平平仄仄
更上一层楼。仄仄仄平平(一为入声,故仄)
诗词意境
这首诗写诗人在登高望远中表现出来的不凡的胸襟抱负,反映了盛唐时期人们积极向上的进取精神。
前两句写所见。“白日依山尽”写山,“黄河入海流”写水。诗人遥望一轮落日向着楼前一望无际、连绵起伏的群山西沉,在视野的尽头冉冉而没;目送流经楼前下方的黄河奔腾咆哮、滚滚南来,又在远处折而东向,流归大海。诗人运用极其朴素、极其浅显的语言,既高度形象又高度概括地把进入广大视野的万里河山,收入短短十个字中,画面宽广辽远。
杜甫在《戏题王宰画山水图歌》中有“尤工远势古莫比,咫尺应须论万里”两句,虽是论画,也可以用来论诗。王之涣的这两句写景诗就做到了缩万里于咫尺,使咫尺有万里之势。
后两句写所想。“欲穷千里目”,写诗人一种无止境探求的愿望,还想看得更远,看到目力所能达到的地方,唯一的办法就是要站得更高些,“更上一层楼”。从这后半首诗,可推知前半首写的`可能是在第二层楼(非最高层)所见,而诗人还想进一步穷目力所及看尽远方景物,更登上了楼的顶层。在收尾处用一“楼”字,也起了点题作用,说明这是一首登楼诗。
诗句看来只是平铺直叙地写出了这一登楼的过程,但其含意深远,耐人探索。“千里”“一层”,都是虚数,是诗人想象中纵横两方面的空间。“欲穷”“更上”词语中包含了多少希望,多少憧憬。这两句诗发表议论,既别翻新意,出人意表,又与前两句写景诗承接得十分自然、十分紧密,从而把诗篇推引入更高的境界,向读者展示了更大的视野。也正因为如此,这两句包含朴素哲理的议论,成为了千古传诵的名句,也使得这首诗成为一首千古绝唱。
周复纲说,这首诗具有超越时空的力量,这种力量是美和哲理的统一,是客观与主观的和谐,是伟大的艺术再现和创造。
I remember,I remember,
The house where I was born,
The little window where the sun
came peeping in at morn;
He never came a wink too soon,
Nor brought too long a day,
But now ,I often wish the night
had borne my breath away.
我还记得,我还记得,
我诞生之地的房子,
那小窗,太阳
在清晨悄悄地往里张望;
他从不早到瞬息,
也不让一天停留过长,
但是现在,我常常希望
夜晚将我的呼吸带走!
I remember,I remember
The roses red and white,
The violets, and the lily-cups,
Those flowers made of light!
The lilacs where the robin built,
And where my brother set
The laburnum on his birthday,—
The tree is living yet!
还记得,我还记得,
那些红色和白色的玫瑰,
那些紫罗兰和百合花,
都是用日光造成的花朵!
那些知更鸟筑巢的紫丁香,
我兄弟生日那天在那里
种下的一棵金链花树--
它依然生机勃勃!
I remember,I remember
Where I was used to swing,
And thought the air must rush as fresh
To swallows on the wing;
My spirit flew in feathers then,
That is so heavy now,
And summer pools could hardly cool
The fever on my brow!
我还记得,我还记得,
当年我荡秋千的地方,
那时我以为空气也长了翅膀,
和飞翔的燕子一样飘荡;
那时我的心灵如鸿毛般轻盈,
如今心头却是如此沉重,
夏日的清凉池水
也难把我额头的`烧热减退!
I remember,I remember,
The fir trees dark and high;
I used to think their slender tops
Were close against the sky:
It was a childish ignorance,
But now 'tis little joy
To know I'm farther off from heaven
Than when I was a boy.
我还记得,我还记得,
那棵高大的枞树郁郁葱葱;
它那细长的树顶
我总认为接近了天空;
这是孩子的天真无知,
可如今我知道,
我离天堂越来越远,
童年已逝,欢乐已去。
【1】Rain雨
Rain is falling all around, 雨儿在到处降落,
It falls on field and tree, 它落在田野和树梢,
It rains on the umbrella here, 它落在这边的雨伞上,
And on the ships at sea. 又落在航行海上的船只。
by R. L. Stevenson, 1850-1894
【2】What Does The Bee Do?
What does the bee do? 蜜蜂做些什么?
Bring home honey. 把蜂蜜带回家。
And what does Father do? 父亲做些什么?
Bring home money. 把钱带回家。
And what does Mother do? 母亲做些什么?
Lay out the money. 把钱用光。
And what does baby do?婴儿做些什么?
Eat up the honey. 把蜜吃光。
by C. G. Rossetti, 1830-1894
【3】O Sailor, Come Ashore啊!水手,上岸吧
(Part I)
O sailor, come ashore 啊!水手,上岸吧
What have you brought for me? 你给我带来什么?
Red coral , white coral, 海里的珊瑚,
Coral from the sea. 红的,白的。
(Part II)
I did not dig it from the ground 它不是我从地下挖的,
Nor pluck it from a tree; 也不是从树上摘的;
Feeble insects made it 它是暴风雨的海裹
In the stormy sea. 弱小昆虫做成的。
by C. G. Rossetti
【4】THE WIND风
(Part I)
Who has seen the wind? 谁曾见过风的.面貌?
Neither I nor you; 谁也没见过,不论你或我;
But when the leaves hang trembling, 但在树叶震动之际,
The wind is passing through. 风正从那里吹过。
(Part II)
Who has seen the wind? 谁曾见过风的面孔?
Neither you nor I; 谁也没见过,不论你或我;
But when the trees bow down their heads, 但在树梢低垂之际,
The wind is passing by. 风正从那里经过。
~by C. G. Rossetti
另一首诗人的风之歌
O wind , why do you never rest, 风啊!为何你永不休止
Wandering, whistling to and fro, 来来回回的漂泊,呼啸
Bring rain out of the west, 从西方带来了雨
From the dim north bringing snow? 从蒙眬的北方带来了雪。
【5】THE CUCKOO布谷鸟
In April, 四月里,
Come he will, 它就来了,
In May, 五月里,
Sing all day, 整天吟唱多逍遥,
In June, 六月里,
Change his tune, 它在改变曲调,
In July, 七月里,
Prepare to fly, 准备飞翔,
In August, 八月里,
Go he must! 它就得离去了!
~by Mother Goose's Nursery Rhyme
【6】COLORS颜色
What is pink? A rose is pink 什么是粉红色?
By the fountain's brink. 喷泉边的玫瑰就是粉红色。
What is red? A poppy's red 什么是艳红色?
In its barley bed. 在大麦床里的罂x花就是艳红色。
What is blue? The sky is blue 什么是蔚蓝色?天空就是蔚蓝色,
Where the clouds float thro'. 云朵飘过其间。
What is white? A swan is white 什么是白色?
Sailing in the light. 阳光下嬉水的天鹅就是白色。
What is yellow? Pears are yellow, 什么是黄色?梨儿就是黄色,
Rich and ripe and mellow. 熟透且多汁。
What is green? The grass is green, 什么是绿色?草就是绿色,
With small flowers between. 小花掺杂其间。
What is violet? Clouds are violet 什么是紫色?夏日夕阳里的
In the summer twilight. 彩霞就是紫色。
What is orange? Why, an orange, 什么是橘色?当然啦!
Just an orange! 橘子就是橘色。
by C. G. Rossetti
【7】A House Of Cards 纸牌堆成的房子
(1)
A house of cards 纸牌堆成的房子
Is neat and small; 洁净及小巧
Shake the table, 摇摇桌子
It must fall. 它一定会倒。
(2)
Find the court cards 找出绘有人像的纸牌
One by one; 一张一张地竖起
Raise it, roof it,---- 再加上顶盖
Now it's done;---- 现在房子已经盖好
Shake the table! 摇摇桌子
That's the fun. 那就是它的乐趣。
by C. G. Rossetti
【8】What Does Little Birdie Say?
(1)
What does little birdie say, 小鸟说些什么呢?
In her nest at peep of day? 在这黎明初晓的小巢中?
Let me fly, says little birdie, 小鸟说,让我飞,
Mother, let me fly away, 妈妈,让我飞走吧。
Birdie, rest a little longer, 宝贝,稍留久一会儿,
Till the little wings are stronger. 等到那对小翅膀再长硬些儿。
So she rests a little longer, 因此它又多留了一会儿,
Then she flies away. 然而它还是飞走了。
(2)
What does little baby say, 婴儿说些什么,
In her bed at peep of day? 在破晓时分的床上?
Baby says, like little birdie, 婴儿像小鸟那样说,
Let me rise and fly away. 让我起来飞走吧。
Baby, sleep a little longer, 乖乖,稍微多睡一会儿,
Till the little limbs are stronger. 等你的四肢再长硬点儿。
If she sleeps a little longer, 如果她再多睡一会儿,
Baby too shall fly away. 婴儿必然也会像鸟儿一样地飞走。
by Alfred Tennyson, 1809-1892
【9】At The Seaside 海边
(1)
When I was down beside the sea 当我到海边时
A wooden spade they gave to me 他们给了我一把木铲
To dig the sandy shore. 好去挖掘沙滩。
(2)
The holes were empty like a cup 挖成像杯状般的空洞
In every hole the sea camp up, 让每个洞中的海水涌现
Till it could come no more. 直到它不能再涌现。
by R. L. Stevenson
【10】The Star 星星
(1)
Twinkle, twinkle, little star! 闪耀,闪耀,小星星!
How I wonder what you are, 我想知道你身形,
Up above the world so high, 高高挂在天空中,
Like a diamond in the sky. 就像天上的钻石。
(2)
When the blazing sun is gone, 灿烂太阳已西沉,
When he nothing shines upon, 它已不再照万物,
Then you show your little light, 你就显露些微光,
Twinkle, twinkle all the night. 整个晚上眨眼睛。
(3)
The dark blue sky you keep 留恋漆黑的天空
And often thro' my curtains peep, 穿过窗帘向我望,
For you never shut your eye 永不闭上你眼睛
Till the sun is in the sky. 直到太阳又现形。
(4)
'Tis your bright and tiny spark 你这微亮的火星,
Lights the traveler in the dark; 黑夜照耀着游人,
Though I know not what you are 虽我不知你身形,
Twinkle, twinkle, little star! 闪耀,闪耀,小星星!
by Jane Taylor, 1783-1824



