名词性从句各种分别举两个例子
由于名词从句与定语从句的部分引导词相同的缘故,很多学生容易把两者混淆。
其实,我们可以从以下三种途径区分它们。
一、 由两种从句的功能和所处的位置进行区别。
名词从句的主要功能是充当句中的主语、宾语、同位语和表语,它们的位置一般处于句首、动词或介词之后;而定语从句的功能是起修饰和限定先行词的作用,一般处于名词、代词或名词短语之后。
如: 1. Whether we will go picnicking depends on the weather. (位于句首,为主语从句) 2. I learned that he was a famous writer. (位于谓语动词后,为宾语从句) 3. He is satisfied with what you’ve done. (位于介词后,为宾语从句) 4. That is why I came here. (位于系动词后,为表语从句) 5. I will never forget the days when we got together. (在名词day后,为定语从句) 6. This is the book that I have been looking for. (在名词book后,为定语从句) 7. The reason why he came home late is that he was trapped in the traffic jam. (前句在名词reason后,为定语从句;后句在be动词后,为表语从句) 二、同位语从句和定语从句的区别。
有些表示“看法、问题、事实、消息”等名词如thought, idea, belief, question, doubt, problem, fact, news, information, order, hope, answer, conclusion等后面既可以接同位语从句,也可以接定语从句。
区别的办法要看这些词在从句中有没充当什么成分。
如: The idea that we invited him yesterday is quite good. (idea在从句中没充当任何成分,that在此无词义,引导的从句属同位语从句) The idea that he thought of is quite good.(idea在从句中是of的宾语,that指代the idea,引导的从句是定语从句,修饰限定先行词the idea.) 三、由句意决定从句的属性。
如:Danby left word with my secretary ______ he would call again in the afternoon. (05年浙江,15) A. who B. that C. as D. which 有些粗心的考生可能一看到从句前是个名词secretary,就马上选择A项,根本不考虑句子意思。
本题题意是“Danby给我的秘书留下话说他将在下午再打电话来”。
明显,从句的内容是word的同位语,而不是修饰secretary的定语。
确定从句的属性后,我们可以从以下角度确定引导词: 一、名词从句,要先根据句子意思,再看从句中缺少什么成分,从而确定相应的引导词。
如: 1. Mary wrote an article on _________ the team had failed to win the game. (05全国卷I, 23) A. why B. what C. who D. that 根据句意“玛丽写了一篇关于球队失利的原因的文章”,从句中主谓宾成分都具备,即the team(主语) had failed (谓语) to win the game(宾语)等已齐全,缺的是原因状语,所以选why。
这句话如果改为: Mary wrote an article on ______ had failed to win the game.或Mary wrote an article on _______ failed the team to win the game的话,第一个空缺少的是主语who, 意为“玛丽写了一篇关于谁输了这场比赛的文章”;第二个空缺少的也是主语,但从句意来看,不是“谁导致球队输”,而是“什么(原因)导致球队输”,所以应该填what才对。
2. There is a problem _______ they should continue the work. A. whether B. that C. what D. which 从句意得知,从句“他们应该继续工作”的前提是“问题”,因此,这里要选A项,“有个问题是他们是否该继续工作”。
如果选B,这句话的题干就应该改为“There is no problem that they should continue the work.”(毫无疑问,他们应该继续工作。
) 二、定语从句,由先行词决定关系词。
如果先行词是表示时间或地点的名词,则把该名词置于从句的谓语动词后,看是否要加上介词才使句子逻辑通顺,如果是,那就确定先行词在从句中充当时间或地点状语,引导词用when或where或介词加which;不用加介词的话,则充当从句的宾语,引导词用that或which。
例如: 1. This is the place ________ she used to visit. 2. This is the place ________ she used to live. A. that B. where C. which D. in which 第1小题,把先行词the place置于visit后,“she used to visit the place”,不用加上介词,也就是说,the place是visit的宾语,应该选择A或C;第2小题的the place放在live后,要加上介词in才使句子逻辑通顺,即“she used to live in the place”,the place在第2小题的从句中充当地点状语,所以应该选B或D。
另外,有些题干会把一些固定搭配的动词短语拆开,让考生选择适当的选项。
这时,考生要懂得还原短语,也就是在关系代词前加上题干所缺的介词。
如: There’s nobody ________ she could turn for help. A. whom B. to whom C. who D. for whom 考生要知道固定短语turn to sb. for help(向某人求助),先行词nobody在从句中充当to的宾语,所有应该选B。
总的来说,引导词在名词从句中除了that无词义外,其他所有的连接词在从句中的词义及功能同疑问词本身的词义和用法;定语从句中的引导词除了as表示“正如…”外,都没有词义,只是起指代先行词和连接从句的作用。
做题的时候,先从句意和从句所处的位置判断该从句的属性,然后再根据句子语境选择适当的答案,这样的话,思路就会豁然开朗,解题也会容易多了。
名词从句与定语从句的引导词及其在从句中的作用一览表 引导词 名词从句 定语从句 词义 在从句中充当的成分 先行词所指 在从句中充当的成分 that 无词义 不作成分,只起连接作用 人\\\/物\\\/事 主语、宾语、表语 which 哪个 主语、宾语、定语 物\\\/事 主语、宾语、表语 who 谁 主语、宾语、表语 人 主语、宾语 whom 谁 宾语、表语 人 宾语 whose 谁的 定语 人\\\/物的所有格 定语 when 什么时候 时间状语 时间 时间状语 where 什么地方 地点状语 地点 地点状语 why 为什么 原因状语 原因 原因状语 as \\\\ \\\\ 人\\\/物\\\/事 主语、宾语、表语 what 什么,所…的 主语、宾语 \\\\ \\\\ whether \\\/ if 是否 不作成分,只起连接作用 \\\\ \\\\ how 如何,怎么样 程度状语 \\\\ \\\\ how many \\\/much 多少 定语 \\\\ \\\\ how soon \\\/often \\\/ long 多久\\\/经常\\\/长 状语 \\\\ \\\\ whatever, whoever, whomever 无论什么\\\/谁 主语、宾语、表语 \\\\ \\\\ whosever, whichever 无论谁的\\\/哪个 定语 \\\\ \\\\ whenever, wherever 无论何时\\\/何处 状语 \\\\ \\\\求采纳
名词性从句翻译
名师解读,答案精确。
1. The purpose of this activity is that we can encourage more students to study. 2.what more and more people in China start to realize is that using environmental-friendly shopping bags is of great benefit, and they have begun using them. 3.what I did during the summer vacation can improve my spoken English, make more friends and enrich our life. 4. Tom is always eager to know how some situations happen. 5. what impressed me deeply is his famous saying, no pains, no gains. 6. the secret of success is not where you were born but what you are doing now. 7.Helen's stories tell us that we should treasure what we have owned and do all we can to overcome the difficulties in life. 8. one of the reasons is that you are too shy and can't be confident to communicate with your classmates.
名词性从句自己都要是一个完整的句子吗
宾语从句自己也要是完整的
No matter who = whoever引导让步状语从句 可以互换No matter who you are ,you cant pass here让步状语从句 主句无论你是谁,你都不能通过这里望采纳
怎么看句子是定语从句还是名词性从句
定语从句是形容词性从句,是用来修饰句子的,即在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词.定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出.举个例子:He is the man (whom\\\/ that I saw yesterday). 他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom\\\/that在从句中作宾语.括号内容是用来修饰the man.,即相当于一个形容词.而名词性从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,下面简单举例eg:(Who will win the match) is still unknown.由who引导主语从句,作主语She will give (whoever needs help a warm support)由whoever引导宾语从句,作句子宾语That is (why he didn’t come to the meeting)由why引导表语从句,在句子中作表语I have no idea (when he will come back home.)由when引导同位语从句,在句子中作同位语,对idea作具体解释.