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亚历山大说乔治的话汇合80句

时间:2020-01-26 05:05

20xx年英美文学试题

20xx年英美文学试题

PART ONE (40 POINTS)

I. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)

Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your choice on the answer sheet.

1.The most significant idea of the Renaissance is(   ).

A. humanism B. realism C. naturalism D. skepticism

2.Shakespeare’s tragedies include all the following except(   ).

A. Hamlet and King Lear B. Antony and Cleopatra and Macbeth

C. Julius Caesar and Othello D. The Merchant of Venice and A Midsummer Night’s Dream

3.The statement “Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability”opens one of well-known essays by

A. Francis Bacon B. Samuel Johnson C. Alexander Pope D. Jonathan Swift

4.In Hardy’s Wessex novels, there is an apparent(   )touch in his description of the simple though primitive rural life.

A. nostalgic B. humorous C. romantic D. ironic

5.Backbite, Sneerwell, and Lady Teazle are characters in the play The School for Scandal by(   ).

A. Christopher Marlowe B. Ben Jonson C. Richard Brinsley Sheridan D. George Bernard Shaw

6.Of all the 18th century novelists Henry Fielding was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a“(   )in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.

A. tragic epic B. comic epic C. romance D. lyric epic

7.In his poem “Tyger, Tyger,”William Blake expresses his perception of the“fearful symmetry”of the big cat. The phrase“fearful symmetry”suggests(   ).

A. the tiger’s two eyes which are dazzlingly bright and symmetrically set B. the poet’s fear of the predator

C. the analogy of the hammer and the anvil D. the harmony of the two opposite aspects of God’s creation

8.“What is his name?”

“Bingley.”

“Is he married or single?”

“Oh! Single, my dear, to be sure! A single man of large fortune; four or five thousand a year. What a fine thing for our girls!”

The above dialogue must be taken from(   ).

A. Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice B. Emily Bronte’s Wuthering Heights

C. John Galsworthy’s The Forsyte Saga D. George Eliot’s Middlemarch

9.The short story“Araby”is one of the stories in James Joyce’s collection(   ).

A. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man B. Ulysses C. Finnegans Wake D. Dubliners

10.William Wordsworth, a romantic poet, advocated all the following except(   ).

A. the using of everyday language spoken by the common people

B. the expression of the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings

C. the humble and rustic life as subject matter

D. elegant wording and inflated figures of speech

11.Here are two lines taken from The Merchant of Venice:“Not on thy sole, but on thy soul, harsh Jew/Thou mak’st thy knife keen.”What kind of figurative device is used in the above lines?

(   ) A. Simile. B. Metonymy. C. Pun. D. Synecdoche.

12.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”is an epigrammatic line by(   ).

A. J. Keats B. W. Blake C. W. Wordsworth D. P. B. Shelley

13.The poems such as“The Chimney Sweeper”are found in both Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience by

A. William Wordsworth B. William Blake C. John Keats D. Lord Gordon Byron

14.John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress is often regarded as a typical example of(   ).

A. allegory B. romance C. epic in prose D. fable

15.Alexander Pope strongly advocated neoclassicism, emphasizing that literary works should be judged by(   )rules of order, reason, logic, restrained emotion, good taste and decorum.

A. classical B. romantic C. sentimental D. allegorical

16.In his essay“Of Studies,”Bacon said:“Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and(   ).”

A. skimmed B. perfected C. imitated D. digested

17.“For I have known them all already, known them all—/Have known the evenings, mornings, afternoons,/I have measured out my life with coffee spoons.”The above lines are taken from(   ).

A. Wordsworth’s “The Solitary Reaper” B. Eliot’s“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”

C. Coleridge’s“Kubla Khan” D. Yeats’s“The Lake Isle of Innisfree”

18.(The)(   )was a progressive intellectual movement throughout Western Europe in the 18th century.

A. Romanticism B. Humanism

C. Enlightenment D. Sentimentalism 19.A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of(   ), who never pays any attention to human feelings.

A. morality B. justice C. property D. humor

20.The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the (   ).

A. bitter satire B. larger-than-life caricature C. Latinized diction D. dramatic monologue

21.George Bernard Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession is a grotesquely realistic exposure of the(   ).

A. slum landlordism B. political corruption in England

C. economic oppression of women D. religious corruption in England

22.The story starting with the marriage of Paul’s parents Walter Morel and Mrs. Morel must be

A. Thomas Hardy’s Tess of the D’Urbervilles B. D. H. Lawrence’s Sons and Lovers

C. George Eliot’s Middlemarch D. Charlotte Bronte’s Jane Eyre

23.In American literature the first important writer who earned an international fame on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean is(   ). A. Washington Irving B. Ralph Waldo Emerson C. Nathaniel Hawthorne D. Walt Whitman

24.The American novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne is known for his“black vision.”The term“black vision”refers to

A. Hawthorne’s observation that every man faces a black wall

B. Hawthorne’s belief that all men are by nature evil

C. that Hawthorne employed a dream vision to tell his story

D. that Puritans of Hawthorne’s time usually wore black clothes

25.Theodore Dreiser was once criticized for his(   )in style, but as a true artist his strength just lies in that his style is very serious and well calculated to achieve the thematic ends he sought.

A. crudeness B. elegance C. conciseness D. subtlety

26.“He is the last of the romantic heroes, whose energy and sense of commitment take him in search of his personal Grail; his failure magnifies to a great extent the end of the American Dream.”The character referred to in the passage is most likely the protagonist of(   ).

A. Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby B. Dreiser’s An American Tragedy

C. Hemingway’s For Whom the Bell Tolls D. Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn

27.Almost all Faulkner’s heroes turned out to be tragic because(   ).

A. all enjoyed living in the declining American South B. none of them was conditioned by the civilization and social institutions C. most of them were prisoners of the past D. none were successful in their attempt to explain the inexplicable

28.Yank, the protagonist of Eugene O’Neill’s play The Hairy Ape, talked to the gorilla and set it free because

A. he was mad, mistaking a beast for a human

B. he was told by the white young lady that he was like a beast and he wanted to see how closely he resembled the gorilla C. he was caged with the gorilla after he insulted an aristocratic stroller

D. he could feel the kinship only with the beast

29.In(   ), Robert Frost compares life to a journey, and he is doubtful whether he will regret his choice or not when he is old, because the choice has made all the difference.

A. “After Apple-Picking” B. “The Road Not Taken” C. “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening”

D. “Fire and Ice”

30.Though Walt Whitman and Emily Dickinson were romantic poets in theme and technique, they differ from each other in a variety of ways. For one thing, whereas Whitman likes to keep his eye on human society at large, Dickinson often addresses such issues as(   ), immortality, religion, love and nature.

A. progress B. freedom C. beauty D. death

31.The Romantic Writers would focus on all the following issues EXCEPT the(   )in the American literary history. A. individual feeling B. survival of the fittest C. strong imagination D. return to nature

32.Generally speaking, all those writers with a naturalistic approach to human reality tend to be(   ).

A. transcendentalists B. optimists C. pessimists D. idealists

33.With Howells, James, and Mark Twain active on the literary scene,(   )became the major trend in American literature in the seventies and eighties of the 19th century.

A. Sentimentalism B. Romanticism C. Realism D. Naturalism

34.American writers after World War I self-consciously acknowledged that they were(a)“(   ),”devoid of faith and alienated from the Western civilization.

A. Lost Generation B. Beat Generation C. Sons of Liberty D. Angry Young Men

35.In(   ), Washington Irving agrees with the protagonist on his preference of the past to the present, and of a dream-like world to the real world.

A. “Young Goodman Brown” B.“Rip Van Winkle” C. “Rappaccini’s Daughter” D.“Bartleby, the Scrivener”

36.Hester Prynne, Dimmesdale, Chillingworth and Pearl are most likely characters in(   ).

A. The House of the Seven Gables B. The Scarlet Letter C. The Portrait of a Lady D. The Pioneers

37.Like Nathaniel Hawthorne,(   )also manages to achieve the effect of ambiguity through symbolism and allegory in his narratives.

A. Mark Twain B. Henry James C. R. W. Emerson D. Herman Melville

38.In his realistic fiction, Henry James’s primary concern is to present the(   ).

A. inner life of human beings B. American Civil War and its effects

C. life on the Mississippi River D. Calvinistic view of original sin

39.Which of the following is NOT a typical feature of Mark Twain’s writing style?(   )

A. Simple vernacular. B. Local color.

C. Lengthy psychological analyses. D. Richness of irony and humor.

40.Which of the following statements about E. Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story“A Rose for Emily,”is NOT true?(   )

A. She has a distorted personality. B. She is physically deformed and paralyzed.

C. She is the symbol of the old values of the South. D. She is the victim of the past glory.

PART TWO (60 POINTS)

Ⅱ. Reading Comprehension (16 points, 4 for each)

Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.

41.“Words are like leaves; and where they most abound,

Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found”

Questions:

A. Identify the poem and the poet. B. What idea do the two lines express?

42.“To be so distinguished, is an honor, which, being very little accustomed to favors from the great, I know not well how to receive, or in what terms to acknowledge.”

Questions:

A. Identify the work and the author. B. What is the tone of author?

43.“‘Faith! Faith!’cried the husband. ‘Look up to Heaven, and resist the Wicked One.’”

Questions:

A. Identify the work and the author. B. What idea does the quoted sentence express?

44.“We passed the School, where Children strove

At Recess—in the Ring—

We passed the Fields of Gazing Grain—

We passed the Setting Sun—”

Questions: A. Identify the poem and the poet.

B. What do“the School,” “the Fields”and“the Setting Sun”stand for respectively?

Ⅲ. Questions and Answers (24 points in all, 6 for each)

Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.

45.As a rule, and allegory is a story in verse or prose with a double meaning: a surface meaning, and an implied meaning. List two works as examples of allegory. What is the implied meaning an allegory is usually concerned with?

46.“Let it not be supposed by the enemies of‘the system,’that during the period of his solitary incarceration, Oliver was denied the benefit of exercise, the pleasure of society, or the advantages of religious consolation.”

What do you think Charles Dickens intends to say in the above ironic statement taken from Oliver Twist?

47.Whitman has made radical changes in the form of poetry by choosing free verse as his medium of expression. What are the characteristics of Whitman’s free verse?

48.Some of Hemingway’s heroes are regarded as the Hemingway code heroes. Whatever the differences in experience and age, they all have something in common which Hemingway values. What are the characteristics of the Hemingway code hero?

Ⅳ. Topics for Discussion (20 points in all, 10 for each)

Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.

49.Elizabeth Bennet, the heroine in Pride and Prejudice, is often regarded as the most successful character created by Jane Austen. Make a brief comment on Elizabeth’s character.

50.Take Mark Twain’s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn as an example to illustrate the statement that Mark Twain was a unique writer in American literature.

温馨小贴士:正确对待考研英语

快考研了,对于英语作文的复习,大家比较常用的方法就是背模板,来听听一些阅卷老师的看法:

一、作文模板要背,但不要背太多。关键是要准!老师是人,当然知道大家都是模板,不会因为这个难为大家。模板不是错,也没有歧视,但你连摸版都背不准,都背错,那就是你的不对了.我发现很多同学上下句不连贯,但都很优美,可见是拼接的,按本人经验,模版一个就可以对付大多数,问题是你要会用,而不是背一堆,又不准,同时还自己拼,那怎么能行?

二、考场上除非万不得已不要抄上面卷面上的句子。本人第一天连续发现4张卷子句子相同。上报组长,雷同卷,差点按0分处理,后来还好又发现类似卷子,原来都是从翻译抄下来的,0分终于避免了,但8分以下是跑不了了,欺骗老师啊~~~~

三、要有发光点,注意你是在考研,你让老师看到的是important,there be,那就等着8分左右吧,好象中国学生最会的句子就是there be,一片there be,更郁闷的是,有人还把时态弄错了,那完了,祈祷吧!用词,要对的起研究生(Q吧) 考试的水平啊,你就不能换点高级的词吗?

四、最重要的是每段开头.我算了一下,每份卷子,快的老师5秒,我差不多要10多秒。而且还要写两个名字,你觉得我能看到什么?首句!我们肯定不会乱改,但你要是在首句被我们看见低级词、低级句子、低级错误,那完了,这就决定你最终分数,就算你后面写的再好,也完了,前面是定性的,后面是定量的记得我的话!!!

五、多用难句,难词。要让我在枯燥的工作中惊艳,而且在5秒内,你就只有让我觉得,你很牛啊,从句子看出来,同时注意,不要写错!

六、一定要检查!特别是普通用法,要是普通用法错误,直接降一等,难的用法错了也就算了。你连there be都错,那能怪老师吗?我给的2个高分被组长打回原形,就是因为有低级错误!不要出错!

七、字体优美!强烈建议练练字,能写斜体的就很好,至少多3分,不能写的,字写明白,否则,损失的不止3分。

八、从07年北京地区改卷来看,分数比较多的是在,7,8左右,要按文章要求写,文章第一段多是描绘,注意上下句衔接,同时要有铺垫,不要上来第一个词就是confidence,太突兀了,看了有点晕。

九、作文不用花太多时间,但不花时间绝对不行,还是我说的,三个方面

1:背熟一个模版并运用好

2:不出错误

3:让老师惊艳的词句,就差不多了。

十、小作文没改,不知道,不过似乎他们看的速度比我们快的多,为你们祈祷~~呵呵。

十一、补充,套话还是要学的。背一点,最后可以筹字数起码,用的好的话也是个闪光点。

十二、好象没什么了,记住相信老师,北京地区分数低,不是老师随意压分,是我们严格执行标准,你们能做的,是提高水平!

十句对你不客气的英语口语

10句对你不客气的英语口语

1. Just wait and see. I won't let you get away with that.

咱们走着瞧。我不会让你得逞的。

2. You'll be sorry.

你会后悔的。

3. You're gonna get what's coming to you.

你会得到报应的。

4. If you're looking for a fight, you don't have to look far.

如果你想找人打架的话,不用找太远。

5. Watch your mouth. Do you know who you're talking to?

说话客气一点。你知道你在跟谁说话吗?

6. I'll get even with you sooner or later.

跟你的这笔账我迟早会要回来的。

7. Listen, you've picked the wrong person to quarrel with.

听着,你找错吵架的对象了。

8. You'd better take that back.

你最好收回那句话。

9. You want to take it outside? Anytime!

你想到外头解决(干架)吗?随時奉陪!

10. Don't mess with me! / Don't get fresh with me!

不要惹我!/ 给我放尊重一点!

英美文学作家作品

■ 英国部分

古英语Old English 450-1066

中世纪英语(文学) Medieval English 1066 - middle 14th century

乔叟Geoffrey Chaucer - the father of English poetry

文艺复兴(含义)The Renaissance - rebirth or revival

人文主义Humanism - the essence of the Renaissance, the dignity of human being & the importance of the present life

1.斯宾塞Edmund Spenser - the poets' poet

2.马洛Christopher Marlowe - University Wits, the pioneer of English drama  Blank verse无韵诗体, hyperbole夸张

浮士德博士的悲剧

3.莎士比亚William Shakespeare - above all writers in the past and in the present time

四大悲剧Four tragedies - Hamlet, Othello, King Lear & Macbeth

十四行诗第18首

《威尼斯商人》

《哈姆雷特》

4.培根Francis Bacon - brevity, compactness(简洁) & powerfulness, his essays is an important landmark in the development of English prose Inductive method 归纳法 in place of deductive method 演绎法

《论学习》

5.邓恩John Donne

玄学诗派metaphysical poetry - break away from love poetry, a seemingly unfocused diversity of experiences and attitudes, and a free range of feelings and moods Conceits, syllogism 三段论

《日出》

《致死神》

6.弥尔顿John Milton

《失乐园》

《复乐园》

《力士参孙》

新古典主义Neoclassicism - a revival of interest in the old classical works, order, logic, restrained emotion抑制情感 & accuracy 怯懦

启蒙思想(运动) Enlightenment - a progressive intellectual movement, reason (rationality), equality & science

哥特式小说Gothic novel - mystery, horror & castles 神秘、恐怖

7.班扬John Bunyan

(“浮华集市”)

8..蒲伯Alexander Pope

《论批评》

“words are like leaves; and where they most abound. Much fruit of sense beneath is rarely found. ”what idea do the two lines express?

On fruit trees, where leaves are plentiful, fruit will be few. Similarly, in a piece of writing, where too many fine words are used, good sense will be reduced.

9. 笛福Daniel Defoe - the first writer study of the lower-class people《罗宾汉》

10.斯威夫待Jonathan Swift - a master satirist讽刺作家. In his opinion, human nature is seriously and permanently永存的 flawed有瑕疵的  Proper words in proper places

《温和的建议》

《格列佛游记》

11.菲尔丁Henry Fielding –英语小说之父 Father of English novel, Prose Homer Comic epic in prose

《汤姆?琼斯》

12.约翰逊Samuel Johnson - first combine an English dictionary, last neoclassicist enlightener

《英文字典》

致切斯特菲尔德勋爵的信

13. 谢里丹Richard Brinsley Sheridan - the only important English dramatist of the 18th century

《?情敌》

14.格雷Thomas Gray

The Graveyard(墓地) School《写在教堂墓地的挽歌》

?浪漫传奇Romantic - emotion over reason, spontaneous emotion, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of 人文主义精神the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace

The romantic period began with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge's

浪漫主义时期 The Romantic Period

15.布莱克William Blake -engraver雕刻家

《扫烟囱的人》

16.华兹华斯William Wordsworth - the leading figure of the English romantic poetry, simple, spontaneous自发的, worshipper of nature' Lake Poets' - William Wordsworth, Samuel Taylor Coleridge & Robert Southey骚赛

He defines the poet as a 'man speaking to men', and poetry as 'the spontaneous overflow洋溢 of powerful feelings, which originates in 'emotion recollected沉思默想的 in tranquillity安静'.

“我孤独地游荡,就象一朵云”

《威斯敏斯特桥上,1802年9月3日》

《她居住在人迹罕至的地方》

《孤独的割麦女》

17.柯勒律治Samuel Taylor Coleridge - supernatural, remote Poet can be divided into two groups - the demonic (supernatural) & the conversational(对话的)

The demonic group includes 3 masterpieces –《古舟子咏》(又,《老水手之行》)

18.拜伦George Gordon Byron

拜伦式英雄'Byronic hero' is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin贵族血统, against tyrannical残暴的 rules or moral principles. Such a hero appears first in《恰尔德?哈罗德游记》

19.雪莱Percy Bysshe Shelley

Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus unbound, Is a verse drama. which borrows the basic story from a Greek play.

英国人民之歌

《西风颂》

20.济慈John Keats

4 great odes – 忧郁颂

21.简奥斯汀Jane Austen

《傲慢与偏见》

维多利亚时期 The Victorian Period

达尔文《物种起源》Darwin's

功利主义Utilitarianism was widely accepted and practiced Critical realists were all concerned about the fate of the common people

22.狄更斯Charles Dickens - one of the greatest critical realist writers批判现实主义作家 of the Victorian Age维多利亚时代

Character-portrayal描写 is the most distinguishing feature特点 of his works A mingling混合 of humor and pathos 悲伤,惆怅

《双城记》

23.勃朗蒂姐妹The Bront? Sisters - Charlotte, Emily & Anne Bront?, a rather reserved and simple girl, was very much a child of nature.

《简?爱》

24.丁尼生Alfred Tennyson - invents dramatic monologue, Poet Laureate 桂冠诗人, a real artist

拍吧, 拍吧, 拍吧

《过沙洲》

”尤利西斯”

25.布朗宁Robert Browning - the most original poet, who improve and mature the dramatic monologue

《指环与书》

我逝去的公爵夫人

26.乔治?艾略特George Eliot: As a 女性作家woman of exceptional 特有的intelligence and life experience, she shows a particular concern for the destiny of women

《米尔德马契》

27.哈代Thomas Hardy - both a 自然主义naturalistic and a critical realist writer 地方乡土色彩Local-colored, Wessex, 'novels of character and environment'

《德勃家的苔斯》

?夜里的相会

现代主义 The Modern Period

28.萧伯纳George Bernard Shaw- 1884 join the Fabian Society, strongly against the credo信条 of “art for art’s sake”, vehemently 激烈condemned the “well made” but cheap, hollow plays. He wrote more than 50 plays. Mission of his drama was to reveal the moral, political and economic truth from a radical reformist point of view.

《鳏夫的房产》

29.高尔斯华绥 John Galsworthy- was born into a upper-middle-class上层(富裕的)中产阶级 family.

《银盒》

第一个三步曲Trilogy--《福赛特世家》

第二个三步曲second Forsyte trilogy:《现代喜剧》

第三个三步曲

30.叶芝 William Butler Yeats was born into an Anglo-Irish Protestant family in Dublin. organized the Irish National Dramatic Socirty and opened the Abbey Theatre. a moderate nationalist. build a mystical system of beliefs(history, life followed a circular spiral螺旋 pattern consisting of long cycles which repeatd themselves over and over on different levels).

象征symbol : “winding stairs旋梯”, “spinning tops陀螺”, “gyres旋转”, “spirals”

long poetic career, 3 period

《茵尼斯弗利岛》

《丽达及天鹅》

31. T. S.艾略特 T. S. Eliot

《普鲁弗洛克的情歌》

《四个四重奏》

32.劳伦斯 D. H. Lawrence

《儿子和情人》

33.乔伊斯 James Joyce

《都柏林人》

■ 美国部分

Started with Washington Irving's

called 'the American Renaissance'Free expression of emotion, escapes from society, and return to nature

New England Transcendentalism 先验主义/超验主义

1.欧文Washington Irving - father of the American short stories, the American Goldsmith

Perfected the best classic style that American literature ever produced

First novel

2.爱默生Ralph Waldo Emerson - the spokesman of New England Transcendentalism movement

3.霍桑Nathaniel Hawthorne

Interior of the heart, there is evil in every human heart, which may remain latent, perhaps, through the whole life, but circumstances may rouse it to activity

4.惠特曼Walt Whitman

Openness, freedom, individualism

I - me, my nation (society), Free verse, Envelope structure, Catalogue (Listing)

A new ideal, a new world, a new life-style

5.麦尔维尔Herman Melville - a master of allegory and symbolism, like Hawthorne

Realistic period - the Gilded Age, the poor poorer and the rich richer, people's attention was now directed to the interesting features of everyday existence

Local colorism, social Darwinism, bestiality, beyon man's control

6.马克?土温Mark Twain - the true father of American literature

Local colorist, vernacular, simple sentence, 'the damned human race' The Gilded Age

3 boyhood books

7.亨利詹姆斯Henry James - international theme, psychological realistStream of consciousness, interior monologue, free association

8.迪金森Emily Dickinson

Based on her own experiences, her sorrows and joys

9.西奥多?德莱塞Theodore Dreiser - America's literary naturalists Case history including everything Determinism (heredity biological & environment), survival of the fittest, the jungle law Trilogy of Desire -

The modern period - the second American Renaissance, the expatriate movement, the Lost Generation, a transformation from order to disorder

Seize the day, enjoy the present, spiritual wasteland, collective unconscious, psychoanalysis

Imagist movement, Jazz Age

10.庞德Ezra Pound - a leading spokesman of the 'Imagist Movement'

11.弗洛斯特Robert Lee Frost - four times awarded Pulitzer Prize, pastoral life and scene

12.尤金?奥尼尔Eugene O'Neill - founder of the American drama, won the Pulitzer Prize four times

毛猿

13.司哥特?费兹杰拉德F. Scott Fitzgerald - spokesman of the Jazz Age, Dollar Decade, 1920s

A double vision of the Jazz Age, both an insider and an outsiderAmerican Dream

了不起的盖茨比

14.海明威Ernest Hemingway - awarded the Nobel Prize

Iceberg style, Code hero, the lost generation, grace under pressure

15.福克纳?William Faulkner - awarded a Nobel Prize

South, imprisonment in the past

Stream of consciousness, multiple points of view

Yoknapatawpha Country

old way of life. Thus her death is like the falling of a monument.

20xx年4月自考英美文学选读试题

2004年4月自考英美文学选读试题

全部题目用英文作答,并将答案写在答题纸相应位置上,否则不计分。

PART ONE (40 POINTS)

Ⅰ.Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)

Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your correct answer on the answer sheet.

1.“And we will sit upon the rocks, /Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,/By shallow rivers to whose falls/Melodious birds sing madrigals.” The above lines are taken from ______.

A. Milton’s Paradise Lost B. Marlowe’s “The Passionate shepherd to His Love”

C. Shakespeare’s “Sonnet 18” D. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”

2.The English Renaissance period was an age of ______ .

A. poetry and drama B. drama and novel C. novel and poetry D. romance and poetry

3.Here are four lines taken from Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene: “But on his brest a bloudie Crosse he bore,/The deare remembrance of his dying Lord,/For whose sweete sake that glorious badge he wore,/And dead as living ever him adored.” Who is the “dying Lord” discussed in the above lines?

A. Beowulf B. King Arthur C. Jesus Christ D. Jupiter

4.In Shakespeare’s Merchant of Venice, Antonio could not pay back the money he borrowed from Shylock, because ______. A. his money was all invested in the newly-emerging textile industry

B. his enterprise went bankrupt C. Bassanio was able to pay his own debt D. his ships had all been lost

5. Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18?

A. The speaker eulogizes the power of Nature. B. The speaker satirizes human vanity.

C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation. D. The speaker meditates on man’s salvation.

6. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called ______.

A. heroic couplet B. quatrain C. Spenserian stanza D. terza rima

7. “Let not Ambition mock their useful toil,/Their homely joys, and destiny obscure;/Nor Grandeur hear with a disdainful smile /The short and simple annals of the poor.” The above lines are taken from .

A. Alexander Pope’s Essay on Criticism B. Coleridge’s “Kubla Khan”

C. John Donne’s “The Sun Rising”

8. By making the truth-seeking pilgrims suffer at the hands of the people of Vanity Fair, John Bunyan intends to show the prevalent political and religious ______of his time.

A. persecution B. improvement C. prosperity D. disillusionment

9. The 18th century witnessed a new literary form-the modern English novel, which, contrary to the medieval romance, gives a ______ presentation of life of the common people.

A. romantic B. realistic C. prophetic D. idealistic

10. As a whole, ______is one of the most effective and devastating criticisms and satires of all aspects in the then English and European life— socially, politically, religiously, philosophically, scientifically, and morally.

A. Moll Flanders B. Gulliver’s Travels C. Pilgrim’s Progress D. The School for Scandal

11. An honest, kind-hearted young man, who is full of animal spirit and lacks prudence, is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain knowledge of himself and finally to have been accepted both by a virtuous lady and a rich relative .

The above sentence may well sum up the theme of Fielding’s work .

A. Jonathan Wild the Great B. Tom Jones C. The Coffe-House Politician D. Amelia

12. In Sheridan’s The School for scandal, the man who wins the hand of his beloved as well as the inheritance of his rich uncle is ______ .

A. Charles Surface B. Joseph Surface C. Sir Peter Teazle D. Sir Benjamin Backbite

13. Which of the following works best represents the national spirit of the 18th-century England?

A. Robinson Crusoe B. Gulliver’s Travels C. Jonathan Wild the Great D. A Sentimental Journey

14. Shelley’s masterpiece, Prometheus Unbound, is a verse drama, which borrows the basic story from ______ .

A. the Bible B. a German legend C. a Greek play D. One Thousand and One Nights

15. In the first part of the novel Pride and prejudice, Mr. Darcy has a (n) ______ of the Bennet family .

A. high opinion B. great admiration C. low opinion D. erroneous view

16. In Byron’s poem “Song for the Luddites,” the word “Luddite” refers to the ______ .

A. workers who destroyed the machines in their protest against unemployment

B. rising bourgeoisie who fights against the aristocratic class

C. descendents of the ancient king ,Lud D. poor country people who suffered under the rule of the landlord class

17. Mr. Micawber in David Copperfield and Sam Well in Pickwick Papers are perhaps the best ______ characters created by Charles Dickens.

A. comic B.tragic C. round D.sophisticated

18. A typical feature of the English Victorian literature is that writers became social and moral ______ , exposing all kinds of social evils.

A. revolutionaries B. idealists C. critics D. defenders

19. “Is it not sufficient for your infernal selfishness, that while you are at peace I shall writhe in the torments of hell?”(Heathcliff uttered the sentence in the death scene of Catherine from Chapter XV of Wuthering Heights.) The word “hell” at the end of the quoted sentence refers to ______ .

A. Heaven B. Hades C. the next world D. this world

20. A typical Forsyte, according to John Galsworthy, is a man with a strong sense of ______ ,who never pays any attention to human feelings.

A. justice B. humor C. morality D. property

21. “He was silent with conceit of his son. Mrs. Morel sniffed, as if it were nothing.”(Sons and Lovers by D.H.Lawrence)From the above quotation, we can see that Mrs. Morel’s attitude to her husband is ______ .

A. sincerely warm B. genuinely kind

C. seemingly angry D. merely contemptuous

22. A boy makes a quest of his idealized childish love through painful experience up to the point of losing his innocence and coming to see the drabness and harshness of the adult world.

The above sentence may well sum up the major theme of ______.

A. Eliot’s poem The love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock B. Bernard shaw’s play Mrs. Warren’s Profession

C. Joyce’s story Araby D. Lawrence’s story The Horse Dealer’s Daughter

23. Linguistically, compared with the writings of Mark Twain, Henry James’s fiction is noted for his ______.

A. frontier vernacular B. rich colloquialism C. vulgarly descriptive words D. refined elegant language

24. Which of the following statements about Washington Irving is NOT true?

A. Literary imagination should breed in a land rich in the past culture.

B. He is preoccupied with the Calvinistic view of original sin and the mystery of evil.

C. His stories are among the best of the American literature.

D. Some of his works are based on the materials of the European legendary tales.

25. Which of the following is NOT one of the main ideas advocated by Emerson, the chief spokesman of New England Transcendentalism?

A. As an individual, man is divine and can develop and improve himself infinitely.

B. Nature exercises a healthy and restorative influence on human beings.

C. There exists an emotional communication between an individual soul and the universal “Oversoul.”

D. Evil and sin are ever present in human heart and will pass on from one generation to another.”

26. Whitman’s poems are characterized by all the following features EXCEPT ______ .

A. the strict poetic form B. the free and natural rhythm

C. the easy flow of feelings D. the simple and conversational language

27. “Then all collapsed, and the great shroud of the sea rolled on as it rolled five thousand years ago.” In the quoted sentence, the author might imply that ______.

A. nothing changes in the 5000 years of human history B. man’s desire to conquer nature can only end in his own destruction C. nature is evil as it was 5000 years ago D. nature has the ultimate creative power

28. “Standing on the bare ground,—my head bathed by the blithe air, and uplifted into infinite space ,—all mean egotism vanishes. I become a transparent eye-ball. I am nothing. I see all. The currents of the Universal Being circulate through me; I am part or particle of God.” The above passage is taken from ______.

A. Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin B. Cooper’s “Leatherstocking Tales”

C. Emerson’s “Nature” D. Dreiser’s Sister Carrie

29. Which of the following works best illustrates the Calvinistic view of original sin?

A. Stowe’s Uncle Ton’s Cabin B. James’s The Portrait of a Lady.

C. Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms D. Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter.

30. Beside symbolism, all the following qualities EXCEPT ______are fused to make Melville’s Moby-Dick a world classic.

A. narrative power B. psychological analysis C. speculative agility D. optimistic view of life

31. In all his novels Theodore Dreiser sets himself to project the ______ American values. For example, in Sister Carrie, there is not one character whose status is not determined economically.

A. Puritan B. materialistic C. psychological D. religious

32. In Daisy Miller, Henry James reveals Daisy’s ______ by showing her relatively unreserved manners.

A. hypocrisy B. cold and indifference C. grace and patience D. Americanness

33. The raft with which Huck and Jim make their voyage down the Mississippi River may symbolize all the following EXCEPT ______.

A. a return to nature

B. an escape from evils, injustices, and corruption of the civilized society

C. the American society in the early 19th century

D. a small world where people of different colors can live friendly and happily

34. Emily Grierson, the protagonist in Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily,” can be regarded as a symbol for all the following qualities EXCEPT______.

A. old values B. rigid ideas of social status C. bigotry and eccentricity D. harmony and integrity

35. As a Modernist poet ,Pound is noted for his active involvement in the ______ .

A. cubist school of modern painting B. Imagist Movement

C. stream-of-consciousness technique D. German Expressionism

36. The statement that a boy’s night journey to an Indian village to witness the violence of both birth and death provides all the possibilities of a learning experience may well sum up the major theme of ______ .

A. Faulkner’s story “A Rose for Emily” B. Hemingway’s story “Indian Camp”

C. Irving’s story “The Legend of Sleepy Hollow” D. James’s story “Daisy Miller”

37. Which of the following plays by O’Neill can be read autobiographically?

A. The Hairy Ape B. The Emperor Jones C. The Iceman Cometh D. Long Day’s Journey Into Night

38. When we say that a poor young man from the West tried to make his fortune in the East but was disillusioned in the quest of an idealized dream, we are probably discussing about ______’s thematic concern in his fiction writing.

A. Henry James B. Scott Fitzgerald C. Ernest Hemingway D. William Faulkner

39.After his experiences in the forest, Young Goodman Brown returns to Salem ______.

A. desperate and gloomy B. renewed in his faith C. wearing a black veil D. unaware of his own sin

40. According to Mark Twain, in river towns up and down the Mississippi, it was every boy’s dream to some day grow up to be ______.

A. Methodist preacher B. a justice of the peace C. a riverboat pilot D. a pirate on the Indian ocean

PART TWO (60POINTS)

Ⅱ.Reading comprehension(16 points,4 for each)

Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.

41. “One short sleep past, we wake eternally,

And death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die.”

Questions:

A. Identify the poem and the poet. B.What does the word “sleep” mean? C. What idea do the two lines express?

42. “Never did sun more beautifully steep

In his first splendor, valley, rock, or hill;

Ne’er saw I, never felt, a calm so deep!

The river glideth at his own sweet will:

Dear God! The very houses seem asleep;

And all that mighty heart is lying still!”

(William Wordsworth’s sonnet: “Composed upon Westminster Bridge” September 3, 1802)

Questions:

A. What does the word “glideth” in the fourth line mean?

B. What kind of figure of speech is used by wordsworth to describe the “river”?

C. What idea does the fourth line express?

43. “With Blue—uncertain stumbling Buzz—

Between the light—and me—

And then the Windows failed—and then

I could not see to see—” Questions:

A. Identify the poem and the poet. B. What do “Windows” symbolically stand for?

C. What idea does the quoted passage express?

44. “‘Is dying hard, Daddy?’

‘No, I think it’s pretty easy, Nick, It all depends.”’

Questions: A. Identify the work and the author.

B. What was Nick preoccupied with when he asked the question?

C. Why did the father add “It all depends” after he answered his son’s question?

Ⅲ. Questions and Answers(24 points in all, 6 for each)

Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.

45. It is said that B. Shaw’s play, Mrs. Warren’s Profession, has a strong realistic theme, which fully reflects the dramatist’s Fabianist idea. Try to summarize this theme briefly.

46. Emily Bronte used a very complicated narrative technique in writing her novel Wuthering Heights. Try to tell Bronte’s way of narration briefly.

47. “In your rocking-chair, by your window dreaming, shall you long, alone. In your rocking-chair, by your window, shall you dream such happiness as you may never feel.” The two sentences are taken from Theodore Dreiser’s novel, Sister Carrie. What idea can you draw from the “rocking-chair”?

48. The literary school of naturalism was quite popular in the late 19th century. What are the major characteristics of naturalism?

Ⅳ. Topic Discussion(20 points in all, 10 for each)

Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.

49. Discuss the possible theme in W.B. Yeats’s “The Lake Isle of Innisfree” and how that theme is presented in the poem.

50. “My faith is gone!” cried he (Goodman Brown), after one stupefied moment. “There is no good on earth; and sin is but a name. Come, devil! For to thee is this world given.”

Comment on this passage from Hawthorne’s “Young Goodman Brown”.

1-5 B A B D C 6-10 B D A B B 11-15 B A A C C 16-20 A A C D D 21-25 D C D B D 26-30 A B C D D

31-35 B D C D B 36-40 B D B A C

41. A. The peam is "Death,Be not Proud", which writted by John Donne

B. The world "sleep" means "death";

C. The two lines express the idea that there is nothing frightening in

death. Though we might die,we can keep alive spiritually forever.

42.A The word "glideth" means "flows"; B wordsworth uses personification to describe the "river"

C The fourth line expresses the idea that the river is flowing happily as a living things , which implies the beauty of the nature;

43. A The poem is "I heard as Fly buzz --when I died--" by Emily Dickinson.

B "windows" symbolically stand for the door to heaven.

C The quoted passage vividly describes the moment of my dying and expresses my doublt of the existence of eternal heaven.

44. A. The work is "Indian Gamp" by Ernest Hemingway.

B. Nick was preoccupied with the pain and violence of death.

C. By adding "It all depends" the father meant that death means differently to different poeple. To such weak persons like the husband of the Indian woman it's a pretty easy,while strong-willed person will not easily commit suicide.

45. The play deals with the themes of prostiution as a big bussiness in the bourgeois society . The play launches possibly the sharpest and the bitterest attack ever made by Shaw upon the very foundation of the "civilized" capitalist world.

The play hits the very heart of capitalism as a social system according to which economic exploitation is not only considered the legitimate thing adopted everywhere but is pursued shamelessly by "dignified"members of the society through the lowest and the dirtiest means.

46.There are complicated narrative levels in Wuthering Heights The main narrative is told by Nely ,Catherine's old nurse. to Mr. Lockwood,a temporary tenant at Grange. The latter gives an account of what he see at Wuthering Heights.In the main narrative by Nelly s the sub---narrative told through Isabella's letters a Nelly.While the central intrest is maintained,the sequence of its development is constantly disordered by flashbacks,This marks the story all the more enticing and genuine.

47. From the "rocking-chair" we can draw that Carrie was dreaming of the bright future.

Although she was often disillusioned ,she was not at all in despair.

48. Naturalism is one school of realism where the author's tone in writing becomes less serious and less sympathetic but

more ironic and more pesimistic. The American naturalism accepted the more negative implication of Darwin's evolutionary

theory and used it to account for the behavior of theose characters in literary works who conceived as more or less complex combinations of inherited attributes,their habits conditioned by social and economic forces. They chose their subjects from the lower ranks of society,and portrayed misery and poverty of the 'underdogs' who were deomostrably victims of society and nature. One of the most familiarcially as an explanation of sexual desire, Articically naturalistic writings are usually unpolished in language,lacking in academic skills and unwieldy in structure. Philosophically,the naturalists believe that the realand true is always partially hidden form the eyes of the individual,or beyond his control.

49. The major themes in Yeats's peoms are usually Celtic legends ,local folktales,or stories of the heroic in Irish history. Many of his early poems have a dream quality,expressing melancholy,passive and self-indulgent feelings.But ina number of poems, Yeats has achieved suggestive pattern of meaning by a careful countpointing of contrasting indeas or images like human and fairy, natural and artifical,domestic and wild ,and ephermral and permanent. "Innisfree" is just a popula representative fo such peomss;

around a "fairlyland" background,the peom is imagery give the peom a haunting quality. The charity and control of the peotry is very delicate with natural imagery,dream-like atmospher and musical beauty. The possible theme is that tired of the life of his day, Yeats sought to escape into an ideal "fairlyland" where he could live calmy as a herimit and enjoy the beauty of nature. The peam consists of three quatrains of iambic pentameter ,with each stanza rhymed abab.Innisfree is an inlet in the lake in Irish lengends. Here the author is referring to a place for hermitage.

50. This passage appears after Goodman Brown's experience in the forest. Brrown attends a witch's Sabbath in the woods and is confronted with a vision of human evil there. After he returns to his home,he lives a dismal and gloomy life because he is never able to believe in goodness or piety again.The passage exemplifies the concern of guilty and evil in Hawthorne's work. Its hero experience from the transition from naive young man who accepts both society in genral and his fellow men as individuals worth his regard to a sistrustful and doublful person.Howevers,the

story is manipulated in such a way that we as readers fell that Hawthorne poses the question of Good and Evil in man but withholds his answer, and he does not permit hismself to determin whether the events of the night of trail are real or the mere figment of a dream.

薄冰英语语法 第八章 被动语态

第八章 被动语态

8.1 语态的含义和种类

语态(voice)是动词的一种形式,用以表示主语和谓语之间的.关系。

英语的语态分为主动语态(active voice)和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。如:

(1)Yesterday! I parked my car outside the school. 昨天我把我的汽车停在学校外边。

被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如:

(2)A sound of piano is heard in the adjoining room. 听到邻居房间里有钢琴声。

被动语态常由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成。被动语态可以用于各种时态,但较常用的有下列十种:

1)现在一般时

(3)Xiao Wang, you are wanted in the office. 小王,办公室有事找你。

(4)I am not so easily deceived. 我不是轻易上当受骗的。

2)过去一般时

(5)I was invited to the concert. 我应邀参加了音乐会。

(6)Our house was built in 1969. 我们家的房子建于1969年。

3)将来一般时

(7)We hope that an agreement will be arrived at. 我们希望会达成一项协议。

(8)This matter will be looked into in the future. 这件事将来是要查明的。

4)过去将来一般时

(9)He said that the bridge would be built next year. 他说这座桥明年将建成。

(10)Another half-hour and all doors would be locked—all lights extinguished. 再过半小时,所有的门都要上锁—所有的灯都要熄灭。

5)现在完成时

(11)My car has been repaired. 我的汽车已修好了。

(12)The party has been planned since the new year. 这聚会自新年起就已筹划了。

6)过去完成时

(13)The portieres that hung across the folding doors had been taken down for the summer. 折门上面的门帘夏天已经取下来。

(14)Tootie looked at the lanterns that had been lighted and placed near the opening. 图蒂望着那些已经点着并放在洞口附近的提灯。

7)将来完成时

(15)The new books will have been entered in the register before another parcel arrives. 这些新书在下一批书到来前将登记完毕。

(16)This class will have been taught by Mr. Brown for two years by next summer. 到明年夏天,这个班将由布朗先生教毕二年了。

8)过去将来完成时

(17)The headmaster said the article would been completed translated by six o’clock. 校长说这篇文章将在6点钟以前翻译完毕。

(18)He said that the bridge would have been completed before July. 他说这桥将于7月前完成。

9)现在进行时

(19)This question is being discussed at the meeting. 这个问题正在会上讨论。

(20)The children are being taken care of by their aunt. 孩子们现在正由姑母照看着。

10)过去进行时

(21)When I called, tea was being served. 我来拜访时,正值上茶之际。

(22)With his fingers, he gently searched the crown and brim of his hat to be sure it wasn’t being crushed. 他用手指轻轻地摸找帽顶和帽边,以肯定它没有被压坏。

[注一]完成进行时态一般不用被动语态。它们的被动意义可用完成时态来表示,如He has been being examined.(他已被考过。)一般应代之以He has been examined。将来进行时与过去将来进行时一般也不用被动语态。其被动意义可用一般时态来表示,如He will be being examined while we are there.(他将在我们在那里时被考。)可代之以He will be examined while we are there。

[注二]关于非限定动词的被动语态见本书第十章有关各节。

被动语态除常用be加过去分词构成外,还可用“get+过去分词”结构。这种结构多用在口语中,后面一般不接by短语。如:

(23)Hundreds of people get killed every year by traffic on the roads. 每年都几百人死于道路交通事故。

(24)The boy got hurt on his way to school. 这男孩在上学的路上受伤了。

被动语态可含有情态动词,其结构是“情态动词+be+过去分词”。如:

(25)This must be done as soon as possible. 这件事必须尽快做。

(26)What’s done cannot be undone. 覆水难收。

(27)These stairs are very dangerous. They should be repaired. 这楼梯很危险,应该修理了。

(28)Cross the road very carefully. Look both ways, or you might be knocked down. 过马路要非常小心,要看两边,不然会被车撞倒的。

有不少短语动词相当于及物动词,所以这些短语动词亦有被动语态。如:

(29)Many interesting experiments are carried out in our laboratory. 我们实验室做了许多有趣的实验。

(30)Boxing was gone in for here in the early 1950s. 20世纪50年代初期,这里拳击很盛行。

有些由“动词+名词+介词”构成的短语动词,其结构比较松散,变成被动语态时也可以将名词和其后的介词拆开(使介词和其后的宾语合成一介词短语)。这种被动语态常用于正式文体中。如:

(31)Mess had been made of the house. 家里乱作一团。(主动句是:The owner had made mess of the house.)

(32)Good use is made of the library. 这图书馆的利用率很高。(主动句是:They make good use of the library.)

8.2主动语态变被动语态

主动语态变为被动语态,可分为下列三种情况:

1)“主+ 谓+宾”句型变为被动语态时,先将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语(宾语如为人称代词,须将宾格变为主格);然后将主动结构中谓语动词的主动语态变为被动语态;最后在谓语动词的被动语态之后加by,再将主动结构中的主语置于介词by之后(如为人称代词,须将其主格变为宾格)。如:

(1)Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 亚历山大?格雷厄姆?贝尔于1876年发明了电话。(主动结构)

(2)The telephone was invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876. 电话是亚历山大?格雷厄姆?贝尔于1876年发明的。(被动结构)

(3)The manager has not signed the papers. 经理没有在这些文件上签字。(主动结构)

(4)The papers have not been signed by the manager. 这些文件还没有由经理签字。(被动结构)

被动结构中的by短语,如无必要指出,则可省去。如:

(5)I posted that letter last night. 我昨晚把那封信投邮了。(主动结构)

(6)That letter was posted last night. 那封信是昨晚投邮的。(被动结构)

如宾语是—that从句,变为被动语态时可用it作被动句的形式主语。如:

(7)The know that he is an expert. 他们认为他是一位专家。(主动结构)

(8)It is known that he is an expert. 人们认为他是一位专家。(被动结构)

或把主动句中宾语从句的主语变为被动句的主语,宾语从句中的谓语部分变为不定式短语。如:

(9)He is known to be an expert. 他被认为是一位专家。(被动结构)

[注一]将主动句变为被动句时,偶尔可把by短语放在过去分记词之前,如He was by someone known to have worked for the German fascists.(有人知道他曾为德国法西斯干过事。)这里将by someone移至过去分词known之前显然是由于known和其后的to have worked的关系更为密切。有时by短语也可放在主语补语之后,如Tea drinking is considered one of the pleasures of life by the Chinese.(喝茶被中国人认为是一种人生乐趣。)。

[注二]在较古的英语中,被动句中也可用of短语代替by短语。现仍见于少数一些说法中。如:

①He was beloved of everybody. 他受到大家的爱戴。

②He was devoured of a long dragon. 他被一长龙吞噬了。

被动结构中的by短语并不一定总是代表动作的执行者,它有时也可表方式或原因。如:

(10)A policeman is known by the clothes he wears. 警察可以从他穿的服装认出来。

(11)I was very much flattered by his asking me to dance a second time. 我对他再次请我跳舞感到高兴。

2)“主+ 谓+宾+宾”句型(一般地说一为间接宾语,一为直接宾语)变为被动结构时,只将主动结构中的一个宾语变为被动结构中的主语,另一宾语不变。这一保留不变的宾语叫做保留宾语(retained object)。如将主动结构中的直接宾语变为被动结构中的主语,间接宾语之前则应加介词to(可省去)或for(一般不可省)。如:

(12)He told her a long story. 他给她讲了一个长故事。(主动结构)

(13)She was told a long story. 她听了一个长故事。(被动结构)

(14)A long story was told to her. 有人对她讲了一个长故事。(被动结构)

(15)Mother bought me a new coat. 母亲给我买了件新上衣。(主动结构)

(16)I was bought a new coat. 有人给我买了件新上衣。(被动结构)

(17)A new coat was bought for me. 有人给我买了件新上衣。(被动结构)

[注]被动句中强调间接宾语时,其前的介词to不可省去,如Ample warning was given to then, not to me.(受到严厉警告的是他们,不是我。)。

上述句型中的两个宾语有时都是直接宾语。变为被动结构时,一般皆将主动结构中指人的宾语变为主语。如:

(18)The teacher asked the students a very unusual question. 教师向学生提了一个很不寻常的问题。(主动结构)

(19)The students were asked a very unusual question. 学生被问了一个很不寻常的问题。(被动结构)

偶尔也可将主动结构中指物的宾语变为主语,但指人的保留宾语之前一般不可加任何介词。如:

(20)He will forgive you your offence. 他将宽恕你的无礼。(主动结构)

(21)Your offence will be forgiven you. 你的无礼将得到宽恕。(被动结构)

3)“主+谓+复合宾语”句型(含有一个宾语加宾语补语)变为被动结构时,只将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语,宾语补语不变。如:

(22)They chose Tom captain. 他们选汤姆为队长。(主动结构,宾语补语为名词)

(23)Tom was chosen captain. 汤姆被选为队长。(被动结构)

(24)In spring, all the islanders paint their houses white. 春天的时候,所有岛民都把他们的房子涂成白色。(主动结构,宾语补语为形容词)

(25)Their houses are painted white. 他们的房子被涂成白色。(被动结构)

(26)They recognized him as a genius. 他们认为他是一个天才。(主动结构,宾语补语为介词短语)

(27)He was recognized as a genius. 他被认为是一个天才。(被动结构)

(28)We asked the teacher to explain the difficult sentences again. 我们要求教师再解释一下这些难句。(主动结构,宾语补语为不定式)

(29)The teacher was asked to explain the difficult sentences again. 教师被要求再解释一下这些难句。(被动结构)

(30)I found him lying on the floor. 我发现他躺在地板上。(主动结构,宾语补语为现在分词)

(31)He was found lying on the floor. 他被发现躺在地板上。(被动结构)

(32)We found all our seats occupied. 我们发现所有我们的位子都被占了。(主动结构,宾语补语为过去分词)

(33)All our seats was found occupied. 所有我们的位子发现都被占了。(被动结构)

但在下列情况下,主动句一般不能变为被动句:

1)谓语是:

a)及物动词leave,enter,reach,resemble,become(适合) suit,benefit,lack等。

b)不可拆开的take place,lose heart,change colour,belong to,consist of等短语动词。

2)宾语是:

a)反身代词、相互代词、同源宾语、不定式、动名词等。

b)虚词it,如cab it,foot it等。

c)身体的某一部分,如shake one’s head等。

d)某些抽象名词,如interest(兴趣)等。

8.3 被动语态的用法

英语里多用主动语态,但用被动语态的场合也不少,似乎要比汉语用得广泛。英语的被动语态常用于下列几种场合:

1)当我们不知道动作的执行者时。如:

(1)Printing was introduced into Europe from China. 印刷术是由中国传入欧洲的。

(2)Look! There’s nothing here. Everything has been taken away. 看!这里什么也没有。一切都被拿走了。

2)当我们不必要提出动作的执行者时。如:

(3)I was born in 1960. 我生于1960年。

(4)Such things are not done twice. 这种事不可再做。

3)当我们强调或侧重动作的承受者时。如:

(5)She is liked by everybody. 她为人人所喜欢。(强调she)

(6)A good time was had by all. 大家都玩得很痛快。(侧重a good time)

4)当我们出于礼貌避免说出动作的执行者时。如:

(7)Where can you be reached? 哪里可以和你接头?(避免说出“我”)

(8)You’ll be contacted. 我们会和你联系的。(避免说出“我们”)

5)当我们出于行文的需要时。如:

(9)The film was directed by Xie Jin. 该电影由谢晋导演。(上文谈的是该影片)

(10)Helen was sent to the school by her parents when she was nine. 海伦九岁时被父母送到这座学校。(上文谈的是海伦)

6)有些动词习惯上常用被动语态。如:

(11)It’s done! (可缩略为Done!)成啦!(现在一般时被动式表动作已完成)

(12)He is said to be a good teacher. 他被认为是一个好教师。

(13)The line of flags was slung between two trees. 一列国旗挂在两树之间。

(14)He was born in 1919. 他生于1919年。

(15)She is reputed to be the best singer in Europe. 她被誉为是欧洲最佳歌手。

[注]被动语态便于论述客观事实,故常用于科技文章、新闻报道、书刊介绍及景物描写。

8.4 含被动意义的主动语态

有些不及物动词(其主语大都指物)的主动语态可以表示被动意义。这种不及物动词有下列几种:

1)某些连系动词。如smell,taste,sound,prove,feel等。

(1)The flowers smell sweet. 这花儿很香。

(2)The food tastes nice. 这食物的味道好。

(3)That sounds very reasonable. 这话听上去很有道理。

(4)The story proved quite false. 这一套话证实完全是假的。

2)某些与can’t,won’t等连用的不及物动词,如move,lock,shut,open等。

(5)It can’t move. 它不能动。

(6)The door won’t shut. 这门关不上。

3)某些可和well,easily等副词连用的不及物动词,如read,write,wash,clean,draw,burn,cook,photograph等。

(7)The cloth washes well. 这种布料好洗。

(8)The poem reads smoothly. 这首诗读起来很流畅。

(9)The cistern doesn’t clean easily. 这水槽不容易弄干净。

(10)This kind of rice cooks more quickly than that kind. 这种米做饭比那种熟得快。

4)某些可用于“主+谓+主补”结构中的不及物动词,如wear,blow等。

(11)This material has worn thin. 这种布料已穿薄了。

(12)The door blew open. 门给吹开了。

有些不及物动词的进行时亦具有被动意义。如:

(13)Corn is selling briskly. 谷物畅销。

[注] 上述不及物动词有些亦可用作及物动词,但二者有所不同。如:

①The door opened. 门开了。

②The door was opened. 门被打开了。

例①强调the door本身内在的特性,表明“门”本身可开可关,不强调动作的执行者;例②则相反,强调“门被人打开了”,与门本身的特性无关。

8.5 被动语态与系表结构的区别

所谓系表结构,在此乃指“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”结构。它与被动语态的形式完全一样,于是就有一个如何区别它们的问题。总的来说,它们有以下几点不同:

1)被动语态中的过去分词是动词,表动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词,表状态。前者可用by短语表动作的执行者,后者则一般不用by短语。如:

(1)The composition was written with great care. 这篇作文写得很用心。(被动语态)

(2)The composition is well written. 这篇作文写得好。(系表结构)

(3)These articles are sold quickly. 这些货物售得快。(被动语态)

(4)These articles are all sold out. 这些货物全售出了。(系表结构)

(5)Such questions are often settled through negotiations. 这类问题通常通过谈判解决。(被动语态)

(6)The question is settled. 这个问题解决了。(系表结构)

2)系表结构一般只用于现在一般时与过去一般时。被动语态则除可用于上述两种时态之外,还可用于其它时态。如:

(7)I have been driven to it. 我是被迫至此。(被动结构)

(8)The flowers will be planted next week. 下周种花。(被动结构)

3)系表结构中的过去分词可被very所修饰;被动语态中的过去分词可用much修饰。试比较:

(9)He was very agitated. 他很激动。(系表结构)

(10)He was much agitated by the news. 他听到消息后很激动。(被动结构)

4)系表结构有主动意义,被动结构只有被动意义。现将具有主动意义的系表结构举例说明如下:

a)过去分词表心理、感情,如:

(11)She is resolved to become a ballet dancer. 她决心当一名芭蕾舞演员。

(12)I am quite puzzled. 我感到十分困惑。

b)过去分词是反身动词,如:

(13)The open square was bathed in light. 宽阔的广场淋浴在阳光中。(主动式是bathed itself)

(14)The way was lost between the trees. 小路消失在树林之中。(主动式是lost itself)

c)过去分词与介词搭配,如:

(15)He was puzzled about it. 他为那件事感到困惑。

(16)Are you interested in this subject? 你对这门课感兴趣吗?

(17)We were surprised at the news. 我们对那消息感到惊讶。

(18)She was scared out of her wits. 她吓得不知所措。

(19)The child is accustomed to sleeping alone. 这孩子习惯独自睡了。

[注]过去分词有时可后接with,也可后接by。一般来说,by强调动作,with强调状态,试比较:seized by a man 被人捉住,seized with a fever 发烧;covered by a lid 被盖子盖住,covered with a lid 为盖子所盖住

5)有时只能从上下文才能加以区别。如:

(20)The door was closed. 门关上了。

(21)The road was mended. 路修好了。

独立地看,上述两例,既可是被动结构,也可是系表结构。遇到这种情况,则应根据上下文去理解。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇1

天边的云正烧得灿烂,夕阳给威斯敏斯特教堂边墓群的墓碑披上一层金黄色的薄纱。俯下身,阅读着其中一个碑上的文字:“当我年轻的时候,我梦想改变这个世界;当我成熟后,我发现我不能够改变这个世界,我将目光缩短了些,决定只改变我的国家;当我进入暮年之后,我发现我不能够改变我们的国家,我的最后愿望仅仅是改变一下我的家庭,但是,这也不可能。当我现在躺在床上,行将就木时,我突然意识到:如果一开始我仅仅去改变自己,然后,我可能改变我的家庭;在家人的帮助和鼓励下,我可能为国家做一些事情;然后,谁知道呢?我甚至可能改变这个世界!”

改变自己,是改变别的人甚至世界的先决条件。鲁迅毅然改变自己学医救人的理想,执起一杆笔,为混沌的中国敲响去改变的警钟。走错了路,并不可耻,而不懂得及时变更而一直坚持错误的方向不回头才惹人耻笑。

改变自己的方向,才有可能引导世界去改变方向。

徜徉于我们的校园中,最普遍听见的便是那一句句响亮的“你好”。校长提倡让“您好”成为校园最流行的语言,于是同学们改变自己过去不爱问好的羞涩习惯,纷纷开口,发出那最美妙的声音问好,并带动身边的同学,使“你好”充斥与同学之间、师生之间,响亮于整个校园。

改变自己,并创造一种生活方式,去引起更多人的改变。然后,世界因你而变。

赫赫有名的IT行业两大巨头领军人物:苹果公司的乔布斯与微软的比尔盖茨,都曾半途辍学。他们在学习中途发觉到自己的追求与才能,于是改变自己的计划,毅然辍学发展事业。于是世界因他们的成就而“狠狠一颤”。

改变自己,做这个决定并不容易,然,一旦决定改变,那么就要做出最炫目的成果,让世界都为之赞叹。

“问君能有几多愁,恰似一江春水向东流。”南唐后主凭栏远眺,叹出如此感概。李煜饱读诗书,诵遍前人名家之作,而被困后所做的诗却开创出不同于历代诗风的风格,广为后人传诵和模仿。

创造自己的风格,不因之前所存在的而被束缚,勇于改变自己,然后让更多人去升华、发酵,从而促进世界改变。

一只小蝴蝶在西海岸轻轻扇动了一下翅膀,在东海岸刮起了一阵毁天灭地的飓风,这就是著名的“蝴蝶效应”。同理,个人的一个小小行为,也有可能让整个世界跟“风”模仿。那么,不就说明改变自己,就有可能改变世界么?

改变自己,从现在开始,做自己认为正确的事,让世界追随你的脚步,一路改变下去。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇2

读了一片文章,是写《皮鞋的来历》,改变世界—改变自己。本以为是哪个名人得到哪种启发,发明了这种东西呢,看了才知道是讲这些——

很久很久以前,人们都还赤着双脚走路。有一位国王外出经过一个偏远的相见,相见的路面崎岖不平,而且有很多碎石头,刺得国王的脚又痛又麻。回到王宫后,他下了一道命令:将国内的所有道路都铺上一层牛皮。他认为这样做,不只是为自己,还可以造福与他的人民,让大家走路时不再受刺痛之苦。

但即使杀尽国内所有的牛,也筹集不到足够的皮革。而所花费的金钱,动用的人力,更不知多少。虽然根本做不到,甚至还相当愚蠢,但因为是国王的命令,大家也只能暗自感叹。

一位聪明的仆人大胆向国王提出建言:“国王啊!为什么您要劳师动众,牺牲那么多牛,差遣那么多人,花费那么多金钱呢?您何不割俩小片牛皮包住您的脚呢?而且所有的人都可以这样啊!”

国王听了很惊讶,仔细一想,立刻收回成命,采用了仆人的建议。于是,世界上就有了“皮鞋”这种东西。

给大家讲了一个故事。

读完以后,我有很大的感想——这个仆人的创意多棒呀!所有的路铺上牛皮—每个人的脚包上牛皮。都是同一个目的,创意不同,结果也就不同。这篇故事后面的警示,或名言是这样写的:“想改变世界,很难;要改变自己,则较为容易。与其改变全世界,不如先改变自己。当自己改变后,眼中的世界自然也就跟着改变了。”我很喜欢这段话。

在面对一些事情时,我们每个人的想法都更接近与文中的国王,既然国王都不可能做到让全国的路上铺上牛皮,我们又怎能改变心中希望改变的事情呢?既然无法改变世界,我们为什么不改变自己呢?

如果想要老师对自己好,就让自己努力学习;如果想要同学和你很亲密,就让自己真心对待;如果想要爸爸妈妈对自己放心,就让自己做事沉稳谨慎……

不要妄想改变世界,只能努力改变自己!

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇3

就是这样的牡丹,她只是轻吐芬芳、绽开芳华,便美丽了世界;当她发现世界已被寒流侵袭,她便改变自己,华丽转身,潇洒落幕。

有幸见过牡丹开后的绝美。曾经对于作为富贵象征的牡丹我是不屑的,认为那不过是一种庸俗的美。但是我错了。

那是单独种植牡丹的一小片花园。一冬的严寒让这园子变得萎靡不堪,仿佛整个世界都凋敝了,死气沉沉。没有群鸟的欢鸣,没有蝴蝶的伴舞,这似乎是个被玉帝遗忘的世界。但就在那样的春天,这个世界变了,牡丹开了。她仿佛是一夜之间开放的,开的那样饱满、骄傲、鲜艳,高贵者带着慵懒。一簇簇的牡丹展开华丽的笑颜,懒懒地享受阳光温暖的爱抚。于是这沉寂了一冬的世界突然活过来了,玉帝记起他最爱的小女儿便是在这个时节醒来,群鸟欢啼,蝴蝶伴着鸟鸣上下翩飞,风也忍不住驻足于这个苏醒了的世界。牡丹笑了,她是那么骄傲地了解,是自己的开放给了这个世界这么美妙醉人的改变。她并不奢求其他,她也不屑于其他的花儿争奇斗妍,她只愿有这样一个世界是愿意静心等待她的苏醒的,她只求有这样一个因她的开放而改变的世界。

只是美好总是短暂的。温暖总不愿在一处停留太久,牡丹敏锐地感觉到风中那缕与往日不同的寒意。她知道恼人的寒流要来了,她明白这样的变化的世界不是她能随意改变的。于是她潇洒地转身,改变自己。牡丹凋落了。她落得干脆。大朵大朵地落下,就像神圣的凤凰脱落的羽毛,吟唱着壮烈的赞歌离去,惨烈却不忧伤。她跨越了委顿与衰老,由青春而死亡,她明白这个世界的温暖不会为她停留,她懂得总有些东西是她无法改变,比如寒冷。既然改变不了这个世界,那么就改变自己吧,不固执地守着那无用的坚持,富贵与高贵只是一字之差,她要做的,是守着那份高贵,华丽地转身。

我忍不住为牡丹的高贵与洒脱而赞叹。总有一个世界甘为自己改变,那就以最美丽的绽放给世界以最美的改变;总有些事物无法改变,那就改变自己顺应自然的发展,以最高贵的姿态华丽转身。她做到了。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇4

在这纷繁嘈杂,喧嚣吵嚷的世界里,人们扮演着各自的角色。有些人一味地追名逐利、勾心斗角;有些人踏踏实实,愿当这世间的一股清流;有些人烦恼不断,困难不绝,他们抱怨世界,抱怨别人,还妄想改变他们。殊不知,适时的改变自己才是解决问题的出路,我就是一个例子。

期中考试考完以后,我的成绩不比平常,一落千丈。那时,我感到所有人看我的目光都是不屑的,所有人说的话语都是讽刺的,所有人都在疏远我。我感到在学校的每一秒都是煎熬的,倒霉的事一件接着一件。回到家,还要听着父母的责骂与批评。那段时间我整个人都是崩溃的,我就像是输红了眼的赌徒,徒劳地等待奇迹的降临。我每天怨天忧人,过得很不愉快。可这时朋友告诉我泰戈尔的一句话“我们把世界看错了,反说它欺骗了我们。”是啊,世界不会因我们而改变,环境不会主动适应我们,只有我们努力地去改变自己,适应环境,进而取得成功。于是我开始改变我自己,渐渐的去适应环境,没想到生活原来那么精彩,世界原来那么美好。

世界上也有许多人懂得这个道理:鲁迅为了拯救衰败的中国,唤醒中国人民的思想,改变他们的精神,毅然弃医从文,用犀利的文字,写出了世态;战略失败后,转向走农村包围城市的道路,一举成功。贝多芬为了自己的音乐之梦,从黑暗中毅然站起,改变思想,用灵动的音符,奏出了心声;这些都是成功的例子。

有许多人因为看不清现实,一味的固执认为是别人的错,抱怨老天的不公,久而久之得了抑郁症,最终结束了自己年轻的生命,使整个家庭都陷入痛苦之中。所以做人,不必一味的指责社会,指责他人不给自己机会,但必须要学会改变自己,只有改变自己才能看清世界本应有的颜色。

也许,我们改变不了太阳的东升西落;也许,我们改变不了四季的更替;也许,我们改变不了的东西有许多。但要记住,我们可以改变自己。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇5

世界苍茫浩瀚,有时改变世界对渺小的人来说,并非易事。

犹记得一位牧师,在自己在墓碑上刻下这样的铭文: “ 从前我梦想改变世界,到头来却一事无成。我想,如果我改变自己,也许可以逐渐影响我的家人,整个社会,进而也许我就能以身试法世界。 ”

牧师的话不无道理。古今中外,每一位改变了世界的伟人,无不曾改变过自己。当年运筹帷幄,驰骋天下的,怀着改变中国的大志,然而他并没空言壮志,而是在初渡湘水走向未来时写下: “ 孩儿立志出乡关,学不成名誓不还。埋骨何须桑梓地,人生无处不青山。 ” 这样宏壮的诗篇。他积极求学,广交贤友,博览群书,对自己作了一番深刻的改变。终于,他从一个稚气热血的青年成长为成熟有为的将领,为中国历史掀开崭新一页。

改变世界与改变自己,并不是完全对立的。

纵观古人感秋诗赋,无不是对秋景无奈悲叹,仿佛这秋光,便是命定的凄凉,无奈的离别,是推不开挡不住变不了的一个肃杀世界。然而刘禹锡的一句 “ 晴空一鹤排云去,便引诗情到碧霄 ” 喊热了无数人的心。刘禹锡并未改变秋天的落叶,阻止他们从树梢欲言又止地落下,并非改变秋天里南归飞雁的足迹,挣扎着要留住那春光。他只是改变了自己的心迹,便将绮罗悲秋之度一扫而光。这位在秋光里笑傲的诗人,我猜他必定有秋菊般的傲霜的韧骨和平静的笑容,而他影响的远远超出自己这一孤立的生命体,他影响的是无数人的生命世界。

但终有些时候,人们无力改变世界,又绝不能改变自己的时候,不妨挺直胸脯举步向前,接受自己选定的结局。

汩罗江畔,一位老者披发而立,神情悲壮,目光深沉。并非他不想改变楚国黑暗的政治世界,并非他不愿抗争世道的不公、人心的沦丧。然而他深知,一个人的清醒终不能唤醒时代,一个人的纯洁并不能改变世界的污浊。到头来,他没有违心改变自己,迎合主意。他纵身跃入冰冷的江水,千年烟波浩渺,留下多少传奇与后人评说。他没有改变世界,也坚决不变自我,坚守中,独标高格。

改变世界与改变自己,实际是矛盾的不同方面。积极改变自己,可以成就自己改变世界。然而矫枉过正,迷失自己却又妄图以身改变世界,遗留下来的,恐怕只有一场空梦而已。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇6

乔布斯说:“人这一辈子没办法做太多事情,所以每一件事情都要做到精彩绝伦!”逝者如斯夫,不舍昼夜。人的一生是很短暂的,人总有一死,或轻如鸿毛,或重于泰山。人的生命可贵之处,不在于生命的长短,而在于生命创造的价值。改变自己,改变世界。

用“苹果”改变世界的乔布斯,正是这样。乔布斯20岁创立苹果公司,夜以继日的工作,把苹果公司从一间不起眼的小工厂变成如今身价几十亿美金的世界顶级电子产品公司。MAC电脑、Iphone手机都出自于乔布斯带领的团队。没人会想到天才乔布斯在30岁时让公司炒了鱿鱼。但乔布斯仍然没有放弃他内心热爱的管理岗位,继续大胆的在企业革新的道路上前进着。

乔布斯被誉为“最成功的管理者”,成为《TIME时代》周刊的封面人物。多数光环加之一身的乔布斯,没有被成就迷失,而是不断努力,不断创新,获得越来越多的支持。吵了乔布斯鱿鱼的苹果董事会也由衷的赞美乔布斯的才华。乔布斯带领着苹果又回到了前进的轨道。著名导演李安说:“世界上唯一不会老去的东西就是才华”。在乔布斯的传奇生涯中,他热爱他的事业,并为之付出努力,改变了世界。乔布斯说:“成就伟业的唯一途径就是找到自己热爱的事业,并为之付出成百上千倍的努力。在没有找到热爱的事业之前。要永无休止的去寻找,直到找到为止。”生命不息,奋斗不止!

人总有一死,或轻如鸿毛,或重如泰山。人生就是用来奋斗的,将来的你会感激现在拼命努力的你,找到你所热爱的,并为之付出努力,别忘了,你的对手现在还在努力。相信你自己,用你的能力去改变自己!

改变世界!

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇7

以前,我总是认为已经没有东西可以真正打动我,然而我错了。

当看到接二连三的地震海啸泥石流,每一个都可以带走几百到几万人的生命,当看到接二连三珍稀动物失去家园以至于灭亡,当看到语文书里接二连三的关于环保的文章时,我总会情不自禁地飞到课文中去,与作者一起批判那些破坏环境的人们。

在学完《消逝的仙湖——罗布泊》回到家后,我向妈妈诉说了对这些破坏环境的人类的强烈不满:“妈,你看这些破坏环境的人类真是不知好歹,怎么能这样破坏环境呢?”而妈妈却说:“你有时候不是也在破坏环境吗?浪费就是一种破坏环境。”她的话让我想了我的种种浪费,真是惭愧不已。

看来想改变世界的环境,先得从改变自己周围的事做起啊,从那天以后“绿色”这一环保色深深地刻入了我的心,我是多么希望地球上的沙漠都变成一片片的绿树啊!在那以后我用什么都节约了许多,不像从前浪费资源了。在改变自己的.同时,我也在尽力改变自己周围的人。

有一天,我去超市买东西,快到超市门口时,看见有几个散发宣传单的,见人就给,见车就放,可是有些人却不要,随手就扔地上,我想:这多浪费纸啊,这么多传单,抵得上好几棵树了!心疼不已的我过去将纸扔进垃圾箱里,这样至少还能回收。

还有一次,我在小区里和几个朋友打篮球,发现远处草地上冒出了缕缕白烟,走近一看,原来,是我们小区里的一群小孩在草坪上放了几张点燃的纸烧草坪,草黑了一大片,我的心那个疼啊,我们走过去连忙制止,并讲了火灾的危险性和环保的重要性。他们羞愧难当,赶忙从附近端来水把火熄灭,结束了烧草行动,幸好没有殃及到旁边几棵刚种的小树,可是被烧死的草却回不来了。

正如王力宏所唱“我可以改变世界,改变自己,改变龟毛,改变小气,要一直努力努力,永不放弃,才可以改变世界,come on 改变自己”

我想大声呼吁人们:地球属于我们人类,属于我们大家,只要我们都改变一下自己,在心中充满一片绿色,何愁改变不了世界呢?

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇8

“当我年轻的时候,我梦想改变这个世界;当我成熟以后,我发现我不能够改变这个世界,我将目光缩短了些,决定只改变我的国家;当我进入暮年以后,我发现我不能够改变我们的国家,我的最后愿望仅仅是改变一下我的家庭,但是,这也不可能。当我现在躺在床上,行将就木时,我突然意识到:如果一开始我仅仅去改变我自己,然后,我可能改变我的家庭;在家人的帮助和鼓励下,我可能为国家做一些事情;然后,谁知道呢?我甚至可能改变这个世界。”

在我们年轻时,都有着自己那所谓的伟大的理想,当一位科学家、一位医生、一位老师、一位对国家有贡献的人,但都不曾去努力,最后只能让这些成为浮云……

或许,我们大家可以想一想“差不多先生”。凡是他都是做的差不多,但是他并没有想过,如果“十”和“千”只是一撇之差的话,那为什么不把十都写成千,或者是吧千都写成十呢?如果火车等他了两分钟,那么他也许可以上车;如果在他临终前找的不是牛医,那么他也许可以活得更久;如果……但是世界上并没有如果,也没有后悔药。

如果,他在生前能够严格的要求自己,他可以改变自己的命运,甚至是改变这个世界。

如果不知道差不多先生,那么我们还可以想想一代诗仙——李白。铁杵磨成针的故事,想必大家一定再熟悉不过的吧。小时候的李白不喜欢念书,常常逃课,到街上闲逛。如果李白没有遇到那位老婆婆,想必他并没有现在那么有名气。“只要我下的功夫比别人深,没有做不到的事情”这一句话,令李白很惭愧,从此他每天的学习他别用功,而且再也没有逃过学。最终,成为了名垂千古的诗仙。

如果,李白没有遇到老婆婆,即使是他好好学习可能也不会成为诗仙。如果,如果,如果,如果我们可以稍微的努力一下便可以改变自己,甚至是改变世界。

“我可以改变世界,改变自己,改变隔膜,改变小气,要一直努力努力努力,永不放弃,才可以改变世界,COMEON改变自己”。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇9

波渺渺,晴光远渡;山脉脉,轻影来翔。大自然万物都有其存在得形式和状态,是不可能因个体而改变得。既然我们不是女娲,有神来之手;又非安拉,有造物之能,为什么不去改变自己,以更好融入世界。

世界上总不乏能人以一己之力颠覆世界得,像乔布斯以苹果颠覆音乐梦想,像郎朗用音符改变世界对古典得看法,或是像袁隆平用杂交水稻改变国际权威对水稻得言论。然而,每一个改变世界得人,都是先经历了改变自己得过程,如青虫破蛹,似凤凰涅磐,改变自己才有改变世界得皇牌。

毕竟,改变自己才更运筹帷幄,驾驭自如。或许,梵高就是一个极为恰当得例子。刚作画时,他偏向农家生活、田园场景,却总觉得不能淋漓尽致地展示内心,表现自己得情感。他尝试着改变,也尝试着接受革新理论和日本绘画,一改原来得暗淡,他开始疯狂得调和明艳得色彩,《乌鸦群飞得麦田》,色彩热烈而骚动。他还改变单一地使用长钱与短线,在《星夜》里,融合歪曲得长线和残破得短线,这一次,他更运筹帷幄,驾驭自如,那卷曲得星云、高耸得教堂、平静得村庄在画笔下倾泻而出。他得改变,让画笔充满灵性,倾注了他心中得狂野、非凡、热烈,自如地作画,成了他得代名词。

从另一角度说,梵高得改变是彻底得、绝决得,他是那样坚定,让后世改变对印象画得看法,又那样强大,让后世改变对美得评审和尊崇。

不禁思考,改变自己需要足够得坚定、足够得抵抗、足够强大得内心。总有人埋怨当今生活太快、太急,总希望“生活在别处”,然而,世界由快转慢,微乎其微,着实需要做得,是改变自己。然而,尽管很想慢下来,却因为不够坚定,无暇改变自己浮躁得心,去体会霞飞浦漱、烟雨潇湘,享受当空月白、倩愫盈腔。只有具有足够得抵抗,足够强大得内心,才能在飞速如转得社会中特立独行,慢慢地生活,改变一如得快速而烦躁;一改急急旅游,背上行囊好好看看北京得四合院、南方得天井民居、开平得碉楼、山西得平遥古城。只有不因别人影响、内心坚厚无比,才有足够得勇气改变住所、工作场所得两点一线,逛逛城郊野村,听满地蛙鸣,看一勾明月,就一方萋草对饮。

没有改变自己而净谈改变世界,颇有含浑不清得呓语之状。彻底而正确得改变自己之后,你可以与世界共生,相融相生,亦可颠覆世界,改写轨迹。

智者,必是谙熟改变自己得精妙之处得。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇10

在闻名世界得威斯特敏斯特大教堂地下室得墓碑林中,有一块名扬世界得墓碑。其实这只是一块很普通得墓碑,粗糙得花岗石质地,造型也很一般,同周围那些质地上乘、做工优良得亨利三世到乔治二世等二十多位英国前国王墓碑,以及牛顿、达尔文、狄更斯等名人得墓碑比较起来,它显得微不足道,不值一提。并且它没有姓名,没有生卒年月,甚至上面连墓主得介绍文字也没有。

但是,就是这样一块无名氏墓碑,却成为名扬全球得著名墓碑。每一个到过威斯特敏斯特大教堂得人,他们可以不去拜谒那些曾经显赫一世得英国前国王们,可以不去拜谒那诸如狄更斯、达尔文等世界名人们,但他们却没有人不来拜谒这一块普通得墓碑,他们都被这块墓碑深深得震撼着,准确地说,他们被这块墓碑上得碑文深深地震撼着。在这块墓碑上,刻着这样得一段话:当我年轻得时候,我得想象力从没有受到过限制,我梦想改变这个世界。

当我成熟以后,我发现我不能改变这个世界,我将目光缩短了些,决定只改变我得国家。当我进入暮年后,我发现我不能改变我得国家,我得最后愿望仅仅是改变一下我得家庭。但是,这也不可能。

当我躺在床上,行将就木时,我突然意识到:如果一开始我仅仅去改变我自己,然后作为一个榜样,我可能改变我得家庭;在家人得帮助和鼓励下,我可能为国家做一些事情。

然后谁知道呢?我甚至可能改变这个世界。

据说,许多世界政要和名人看到这块碑文时都感慨不已。有人说这是一篇人生得教义,有人说这是灵魂得一种自省。当年轻得曼德拉看到这篇碑文时,顿然有醒醐灌顶之感,声称自己从中找到了改变南非甚至整个世界得金钥匙。回到南非后,这个志向远大、原本赞同以爆治爆垫平种族歧视鸿沟得黑人青年,一下子改变得自己得思想和处世风格,他从改变自己、改变自己得家庭和亲朋好友着手,经历了几十年,终于改变了他得国家。

真得,要想撬起世界,它得最佳支点不是地球,不是一个国家、一个民族,也不是别人,而只能是自己得心灵。

要想改变世界,你必须从改变你自己开始;要想撬起世界,你必须把支点选在自己得心灵上。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇11

“预感又要发病了,而且这一次不会再度痊愈,只好自己走向生命得终点。”伍尔英,一个读了让人发疼得天才作家,现实得残忍已无法改变,于是只好改变自己得心态,痊愈只是个诺言,不如早点结束吧。怎一个“遗憾”了得?于是我想:当面对不能改变得现实世界时,我们又该如何改变自己呢?

像梅妃那样“曾经唐明皇是她得,曾经她得梅花芬芳四溢。只是杨玉环侍宠入宫,而她,梅妃,从此冷落在上阳宫。/荒苔凝碧,垂帘寂寂。她还能怎样?这已是现实,无法改变。明了眼泪也不能改变什么,于是开始笑看花开花落,云卷云舒。用笑来面对生活,会更好吧?会更好得。明皇命人送来一斛明珠,她不再欣喜;后宫佳丽三千,谁不曾想要一粒灿亮得珠子?只是,她畅快把自己变得不那么地虚荣,她已学会以笑生活。拿走吧,淡然得一句话,原来畅快不是与杨贵妃争宠得梅妃,拿走吧,我恨一切发黄得东西。她已改变,这种改变,使牡丹谢飞翔以后,笙歌闹完以后,她得梅花,独自在银白中接受白色得祝福。或许,我们要得,也只是梅妃一转身之后,那明智得改变。梅花开遍,很美。

我抬头望向前方,繁花盛开,花瓣无声地自天堂飘落,飘飘扬扬,最终会化为了摊烂泥吧?就像无数落榜书生,多少最后也逃脱不了烂泥得现实?两代帝王,三场殿试,败了,柳永败了。他一头扎进“烟花巷陌”中,与“意中人”“偎红倚翠”,过着自以为“平生畅快”得生活。仕途得不得志,现实得无法改变,他又能怎样?然而,他真得改了吗?好吧,不能改变世界,我这样也不行呀!于是,他拿起笔,豪情书写“才子词人,自是白衣卿相”,柔意抒情“杨柳岸,晓风残月”,豁然明了“忍把浮名,换了浅斟低唱”!他用手中得笔,笔下得字,字中得情改变着自己,而他得改变,又改变了世界,发展了小令,令市井文化升华为文学艺术,而他,也成为古今第一专业词人。我总是在想,人生要是多几个这样懂得改变自己得人,世界怕是畅快天翻地覆了吧?

改变自己,从而不是一件奢侈得事。当世界无法改变时,我们就应该明智地选择改变自己。伍尔英得改变或许始终不被理解,但她说,让我们记住共同走过得岁月,记住爱,记住阳光。我想,当我们改变之时,岁月、爱与阳光,都会清亮明朗吧!

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇12

一个障碍,就是一个新得已知条件,只要你愿意,任何一个障碍,都会成为一个超越自我得契机。

有一天,素有森林之王之称得狮子,来到了天神面前:“我很感谢你赐给我如此雄壮威武得体格、如此强大无比得力气,让我有足够得能力统治这整座森林。”

天神听了,微笑地问:“但是这不是你今天来找我得目得吧!看起来你似乎遇到了某事得困扰!”

狮子轻轻吼了一声,说:“天神真是了解我啊!我今天来得确是有事相求。因为尽管我有很大能耐,但是每天鸡鸣得时候,我总是会被鸡鸣声给吓醒。神啊!祈求您,再赐给我一个力量,让我不再被鸡鸣声给吓醒吧!”

天神笑道:“你去找大象吧,它会给你一个满意得答复得。”

狮子兴冲冲地跑到湖边找大象。还没见到大象,就听到大象跺脚所发出得“砰砰”响声。狮子加速地跑向大象,却看到大象正气呼呼地直跺脚。

狮子问大象:“你干吗发这么大得脾气?”

大象拼命摇晃着大耳朵,吼着:“有只讨厌得小蚊子,总想钻进我得耳朵里,害我都快痒死了!”

狮子离开了大象,心里暗自想着:“原来体型这么巨大得大象,还会怕那么瘦小得蚊子,那我还有什么好抱怨呢?毕竟鸡鸣也不过一天一次,而蚊子却无时无刻都在骚扰着大象。这样想来,我可比它幸运多了。”

狮子一边走,一边回头看着仍在跺脚得大象,心想:“天神要我来看看大象得情况,应该就是想告诉我,谁都会遇上麻烦事,而它并无法帮助所有人。既然如此,那我只好靠自己了!反正以后只要鸡鸣时,我就当作鸡是在提醒我该起床了,鸡鸣声对我还真是有益处呢!”

在人生得路上,无论人们走得多么顺利,只要稍微遇上一些不顺得事,就会习惯性地抱怨老天亏待他们,进而祈求老天赐予更多得力量,以渡过难关。

实际上,人类世界有得时候比自然界还要残酷,因为除能力得强弱比较之外,其他得竞争实在是太多太多了。本该淘汰出局得不合格者往往会颠覆公平合理得竞争机制,从而制造出不公平、不合理得选拔结果。

世人必须承认这种现实,必须打破事事公平合理得梦想,只有这样才能不被困扰,才能不发牢骚。因此我们要清醒地认识到这一点,不要自己跟自己过不去。如果人们不能改变这个世界,那就要在这个世界里逐渐改变自我。事实上,每个困境都有其存在得正面价值。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇13

你不能左右生命得长度,但你能改变生命得宽度;你不能左右恶劣得天气,但你能改变自己得心情;你不能改变自己得容貌,但你能改变自己得心灵。其实,我们每天都在改变自己、创造自己、超越自己。只有改变自己,才能走向成功。

一只雏鹰起初胆小如鼠,当它改变自己懦弱得习性后才能勇敢地飞向蔚蓝得天空。一棵幼草起初孱弱无力,当它在风雨中改变自己柔软得身躯后才能变得更加坚强,紧抓泥土不倒。

一条大河起初弯弯曲曲地在山区奔涌,当它改变自己得运动方向后才能自由地奔向浩瀚得大海。雏鹰、幼草、大河无法改变蓝天、风雨和山地,但它们勇敢地改变了自己,走向辉煌。

人也一样,只有改变自己得不良习惯才能完善自己,赢得他人得信赖。我国古代有位青年叫周处,被当地人称作三害之一,“三害”即蛟龙、猛虎和周处。因为他总是欺负别人,人们厌恶他、恨他。周处不想再让别人把自己当成祸害,他决心战胜猛虎和蛟龙,为人民除害。后来,经过艰苦得努力,他终于成功地除掉了二患。也因此赢得大家一致得赞扬,成为了一个为百姓谋利益得好人。周处是勇敢得、明智得,他有勇气改变自己得顽劣之气,从而改变了自己得人生。

改变自己得思想,可以更加自信、坚强。人生有很多事都是无法选择得,比如人得容貌和身材。我国中央电视台得主持人越如今已是家喻户晓得名人。人们可曾知道她也有一段艰辛得心路历程?曾经在上大学时,由于体态发胖、长相不佳,她很自闭,她紧紧地关上了心灵之窗,面对着身材姣好得女同学,她最怕看见穿在别人身上得那美丽得花裙子。这样一段时间得封闭后,她苏醒了。她决心改变自己得学识和德行。多年得努力奋斗以后,她变成了一个气质非凡得女记者。

改变一下自己得弱点,你会发现自己得生活更丰富多彩;改变一下自己得想法,你会变得自信和坚强。外界得事物既然无法为自己所左右,何不着手改变一下自己呢?自己掌握自己,不也是一种快乐吗?请记住:成功从改变自己开始。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇14

“一点点改变,有很大的差别,你我的力量也能改变世界……”

——题记

听着王力宏的《改变自己》,突然有了些莫名的感触。

曾经我在一本书上偶然看到过这样一个故事:

有一个牧师正在准备讲道的稿子,而他的小儿子却在一边吵闹不休。牧师无可奈何,便随手拾起一本旧杂志,把色彩鲜艳的插图——一幅世界地图,撕成碎片,丢在地上,说道:“小约翰,如果你能拼好这张地图,我就给你20便士。”

牧师本以为这样会使约翰花费上午的大部分时光,但是没过10分钟,儿子便又来敲他的房门。牧师看到约翰如此之快地拼好了一幅世界地图,感到十分惊奇:“孩子,你怎么这样快就拼好了地图?”

“啊,”小约翰说:“这很容易。在另一面有一个人的照片,我就把这个人的照片拼到一起,然后把它翻过来。我想如果这个人是正确的,那么,这个世界也就是正确的。”

牧师微笑起来,给了他的儿子20便士。并说:“你替我准备了明天讲道的题目:如果一个人是正确的,他的世界也就会是正确的。”

这个小故事也给我一个启示:如果咱们想改变咱们的世界,改变咱们的命运,首先就应改变咱们自己。

社会就像是一个大染缸,会给人们染上不同的颜色,也会给人们戴上“有色眼镜”。自古以来,大部分人被其“污染”,而有些人不愿意低头,随波逐流。如陶渊明,因为改变不了别人,便改变了自己,因厌恶官场的黑暗而不为五斗米折腰,便隐居山岭终日与菊为伴,虽然仕途不复,但他洁身自好的品性和淡雅的诗句却被后人所赏识和铭记。李白因为无法改变官场,便改变了自己的志向,寄情于山水之间,纵览祖国大好河山,促进了诗歌的鼎盛,同样也为后人所传颂。他们都改变了自己,同时也改变了时代,虽生前不得志,但却被后人铭记,在历史的苍穹中如闪亮的明星般耀眼。

而说实话,现在咱们生活在社会,而不是生活在真空里,总要去适应环境和与人交往。咱们也许做不到“出淤泥而不染”,但也要固守自己的本心,追逐着咱们的志向去闯荡出一番事业。改变自己!改变命运!改变世界!只要有决心!

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇15

浮生面具三千,宛转在指尖,但看你如何改变。春花开谢,秋草又枯,世界的改变无处不在;盛衰荣辱,颠沛风华,人事之改变亦不计可数。人生一途,改变无处不在,或大或小,或悲或喜。改变,是华丽人生的片头曲,是为创造辉煌自我装扮的鬼脸,是一个无所不在的先锋。我愿改变自己,以葱茏之心遥望苍生,静候世界赴我而来。

那些通过改变自己来改变世界的人,不乏在天涯高呼“我思故我在”的勇气与淡然。

那时风尘四起,黄金榜上,他又失龙头望。面对长长的皇榜,念竟容不下自己的名字。“且去浅斟低唱,何要浮名?”,世界冰冷至此,“我要通过改变自己来改变世界”,无尽的远方似乎也回荡着他心底的呐喊。于是他摇身一变,自称“奉旨填词柳三变”,将名利抛至驿外,将改变进行得彻彻底底,深入骨髓。他不再忙于科考,而是投身民间创作。他在水边吟唱“杨柳岸,晓风残月”;在月下低吟“皓月处圆,暮云飘散”,过往的苦闷在这淡然的内心中改变,霎时渺小得如一缕游丝,一缕轻尘。皇上不能理解他的改变,可江上的清风懂了,山间的明月懂了,京城的百姓懂了。他的内心已变得一片澄明,不再让世间磐种世故污染这高洁的灵魂。蜕变后的柳永踏入辉煌的车辙,碾过岁月的沧桑,踏上改变世界的坦途。“凡有井水饮处,皆能歌柳词”,便是他改变自己进而改变世界的真实写照。

那些无法改变世界便改变自己的人,却每每诉说着飘然自在的气度。李白,便是其一。

酒入豪肠,七分酿成月光,三分铸成剑气,长剑出鞘,直指苍穹,震惊寰宇。面对时光匆匆,面对困难重重,李白与咱们一样,无法改变这个纷繁复杂的世界。但是他选择改变自己。既然无法让历史的车轮停止转动,那就改变自己,名垂青史,让时光无法消磨。“天生我材必有用,千金散尽还复来”,好有志气;“长风破浪会有时,直挂云帆济沧海”,好有决心;“俱怀逸兴壮思飞,欲上青天揽明月”,好有豪气!氤氲袅袅,灵魂游曳,李白改变了自己的心境,沉浸于弥漫着定力与静气的小世界里,以飘然自在的气度俯瞰天地,世界立即变得异彩纷呈。

改变自己,是改变世界的前提;改变世界,亦可成为改变自己的初衷。当咱们在现实的泥沼中举步维艰、无法决定命运的方向,试着改变自己,惊喜之花也许会悄然绽放;世界,也许因你而改变。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇16

“路漫漫其修远兮,吾将上下而求索。”这是伟大诗人屈原的一句名言。它告诉了我们世界尽其广阔,道路尽其漫长,需要的是我们自身不断投入自然生活中去实践,去认识,去探索。更要以“择其善者而从之,其不善者而改之’的态度来改变自我。

人生道路上风风雨雨过多、坑坑洼洼过深,但又能怎样?人终究还是要挺过去。世界并不是你想象中的十全十美,如果你对世界不满,别陷入想改变世界深渊中,从自身做起,改变命运。

打开记忆的闸门,各种事情在我的脑海中不停的跳动,犹如海啸扑来,就拿我们所了解到的伟人来讲,毛爷爷就是最熟悉的一个,小时候他的家境十分贫寒,也同样有反抗家长,叛逆的思想,他想改变世界,因为他要冲出“鸟笼”,不再受封建科举制度的捆绑。他想改变世界,改善人们的生活水平,提高人们的身体素质。但他并不是心里想着作美梦而不去奋斗。从此他一心读书,突破了所有人的想象,成为了中国的领导人,成为了一代天骄。

不止是毛爷爷,例如:孙中山、牛顿、爱笛生这等人,他们都是从自身做起——因为拥有共同的伟大抱负。

在现实生活中,这样的例子也数不胜数,就拿我来说,我觉得这个世界太喧嚣,太污染。我一心想着要改变世界,但却不知正是因为人们,世界才会太过污染。我曾问妈妈,怎样才能改变世界?妈妈笑眯眯的告诉我,孩子啊,这个世界不同于以往的世界了,唯有你使自身价值得以提高,才有资格与能力倡导改变世界啊!

于是,我懂了!要想改变世界,就只能先靠自身力量,把自己发展强大。蜘蛛要想强大,也必须先把自身的网织好。蚂蚁要想强大,也要自己做好榜样。

于是,我便开始规划自己的学习。对于现在的我们来讲,只有学习,才能进步,才能强大。

在现实社会中,改变世界很难,而改变自己则较为容易。只有自身改变了坏习惯,才能披荆斩棘,只有自身不懈奋斗,一切困难才能迎刃而解。世界不可能因某一个人而改变,某一个人也不可能成就世界。努力改造自己,才能为以后改变世界打好基础。

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇17

萧伯纳曾言曰:“聪明的人应该懂得改变自己以适应环境,只有那些不怎么聪明的人才会去改变环境以适应自己,但历史是后一种人创造的。”

是改变自己以适应环境,还是改变环境以适应自己:前者无需费多大努力,只需紧跟别人的步伐,去追随他人;而要改变环境以适应自己,却需要付出巨大的努力,承受极大的痛苦,但你也必将得到最大的报偿——改变自己以适应环境的人碌碌无为,而你却创造了历史,让那些适应了适应的人接下来适应你。

爱因斯坦于十九世纪初发表相对论时,遭受当时科学界的口诛笔伐,甚至还有人编写了《万人驳相对论》这样一本书。在外界舆论的压力之下,若是爱因斯坦选择了改变自己以适应环境,那么相对论会怎样?人类也必将无缘这一真理,在本应该更好却没有做到的层面上,而走向堕落与消沉。令人庆幸的是——爱因斯坦选择了坚持,尽管这件事直到他晚年的时候都还心有余悸,以至于他发现了爱的力量之后,在写给女儿的信中这样说道:我现在所发现的超出当时我发现的相对论太多太多,我要求你将这些信,能保存多久就保存多久,保存得越久越好,直到人们能接受它为止。

身为欧洲四大统帅之一的亚历山大大帝曾言:“山不走到我这里来,我就走到它那里去。”——作为山,只要你不动,哪怕是亚历山大也要走上前去。让我们能够象山一样,矗立在这个世界上!要征服,就去征服像亚历山大大帝这样的人!

当我们回顾历史时会发现——每一个王朝的开始都是因其统治者不能忍受上一个王朝的腐朽,坚持自己的想法,通过不懈的努力最终改变世界的——推翻前朝,开辟一个新的纪元,在历史的长河中留下自己的名字。

如果我们要追随这个时代,在这个时代中生活的更好,那么我们必须面对这个时代做出改变;但是要改变这个时代让他人追随,你则必须保持执着与不变,因为只有这样,你的工作才能拥有最终改变世界的可能。

改变自已以适应世界,去追随别人,还是改变世界以适应自己,让别人追随自己,这取决于你自己,也必将终生影响你。萧伯纳没有忘记告诫我们,但当今的我们在多大程度上却都忘记了萧伯纳的告诫呢?

改变世界从改变自己作文 篇18

聪明的人应该懂得改变自己以适应环境,只有那些不怎么聪明的人才会去改变环境以适应自己,但历史往往是后一种人创造的。萧伯纳如是说道。

当你临来时,你可曾想过你会带来多少痛苦?当你来临时,你又可曾想过你将带来多少悔恨?

当你悄无声息地来到每个人的面前时,你可否知道你使多少人痛哭流涕?你狞笑着,挥舞着手中的利刃,改变了一个又一个曾经有过冒险和梦想精神的人,使他们由踌躇满志至万念俱灰,让他们面对所谓的现实。

我亦没能从你的手掌中逃脱。

你的剑也许会刺穿我的灵魂,让我在失败的阴影中无法自拔;你的到来也许会让我的朋友纷纷离去,使我独自咽下痛哭的泪水。你,如同最泥泞的沼泽,让我深陷失败之中;你,如同最黑暗的深渊,让我独处寂寞之境;你,如同无底之深海,把我牢牢地禁锢其中。但我不惧你,我不会因你而改变我自己。

亲友的支持将成为我最坚固的铠甲,使我不受你的剑所伤;拥有顽强毅力的朋友不会为你所动,他们将一直陪伴着我走下去;我的柱杖将帮我渡过最泥泞的沼泽,使我不被玷污;我内心的太阳将驱散黑暗,使我不被其吞噬;我的翅膀将飞过最宽广的海洋,使我不至被其淹没。

己长风破浪会有时,直挂远帆济沧海我选择改变世界!

英文版:

No experience of first love is charming, but the stand the test of love is priceless.

马尔林斯基简介

俄国作家。原名亚历山大·亚历山大罗维奇·别斯土舍夫。出身于破落的贵族家庭,曾任军职。1824年参加十二月党人的团体“北社”,属于激进派。曾率领部队参加起义,失败后被判死刑,后改为流放西伯利亚雅库次克服苦役。1829年被遣送高加索当兵,在同山民作战中阵亡。

【别斯图热夫-马尔林斯基】 (А.А.Марлинский-Бестужев,英文名:AA Marlinskiy Bestuzhev,1797-1837)俄国作家。1818年开始发表作品。1822年同雷列耶夫认识后,共同写过一些反对沙皇政府的鼓动性的诗歌,并合编《北极星》丛刊(1823~1825)。他的创作旺盛时期是在30年代,写有中篇小说《贝洛左尔中尉》(1831)、《阿玛拉特老爷》(1832)、《战舰“希望”号》(1833)、《姆拉·努尔》(1836)等。作者以绚丽的文笔描写异域风光,赋予英雄人物以强烈的感情,为俄国新的浪漫主义小说奠定了基础。别林斯基曾说,“人们认为在他的身上看到了散文中的普希金”,高度肯定他在俄国文学史上的成就,但同时也批评他追求华丽的辞藻和表面的效果。

更多关于爱情的名言:

我需要三件东西:爱情友谊和图书。然而这三者之间何其相通!炽热的爱情可以充实图书的内容,图书又是人们最忠实的朋友。 —— 蒙田

这世界要是没有爱情,它在我们心中还会有什么意义!这就如一盏没有亮光的走马灯。 —— 歌德

爱情原如树叶一样,在人忽视里绿了,在忍耐里露出蓓蕾。 —— 何其芳

爱情只有当它是自由自在时,才会叶茂花繁。认为爱情是某种义务的思想只能置爱情于死地。只消一句话:你应当爱某个人,就足以使你对这个人恨之入骨。 —— 罗素

毫无经验的初恋是迷人的,但经得起考验的爱情是无价的。 —— 马尔林斯基

最甜美的是爱情,最苦涩的也是爱情。 —— 菲·贝利

爱情需要合理的内容,正像熊熊烈火要油来维持一样;爱情是两个相似的天性在无限感觉中的和谐的交融。 —— 别林斯基

爱情从爱情中来。 —— 拉布吕耶尔

离别对于爱情,就像风对于火一样:它熄灭了火星,但却能煽起狂焰。 —— 阿巴巴耶娃

年轻女子的爱情像杰克的豆杆一样,长得飞快,一夜之间便可参天入云。 —— 萨克雷

一只鸡蛋可以画无数次,一场爱情能吗。 —— 达芬奇

毁于虚荣心的女性,比毁于爱情的还要多。 —— 德芳

贞操是从丰富的爱情中生出来的资产。 —— 泰戈尔

友谊有许多名字,然而一旦有青春和美貌介入,友谊便被称作爱情,而且被神化为最美丽的天使。 —— 克里索斯尔

爱情是不受制是不受制约的;一旦制度想施淫威,爱神就会振翅远走高飞;爱神和其他诸神一样,也是自由自在的。 —— 乔叟

你是被奴役的土地的儿女,你是爱情的天使,你是异想天开的精灵,你是诚实的孩童,你是经验丰富的老者,你是富上有头脑的男子,你是心地善良的女性,你是满怀希望的巨人,你是饱经忧患的母亲,你是充满幻想的诗人。 —— 巴尔扎克

爱情待在高山之巅,在理智的谷地之上。爱情是生活的升华人生的绝顶,它难得出现。 —— 杰克伦敦

忠诚的爱情充溢在我的心里,我无法估计自己享有的财富。 —— 莎士比亚

爱情的意义在于帮助对方提高,同时也提高自己。 —— 车尔尼雪夫斯基

尝过爱情味道的人,但愿从来不曾恋爱过。原来爱情不过是一道七彩的虹,美丽却适宜在远处,只能观赏,而且短暂,一忽儿它就踪影不见了。你寻觅又寻觅,它始终不肯再度露面。 —— 朵拉

自由之于人类,就像亮光之于眼睛空气之于肺腑爱情之于心灵。 —— 英格索尔

那些刻在椅子背后的爱情,会不会像水泥上的花朵,开出没有风的,寂寞的森林。 —— 郭敬明

学会爱人,学会懂得爱情,学会做一个幸福的人——这就是要学会尊重自己,就是要学会人类的美德。 —— 马卡连柯

谁都没有真正的爱情,而只有一见钟情。 —— 查普曼

不管有了成就也好,还是有了虚荣心也好,不管是讽刺别人也好,还是我自己爱情的痛苦也好,总之,在欢乐与悲伤中,温暖的青春光辉仍然在照耀着我。 —— 海塞

这是一条友谊的规律:一旦疑心从前门走进,爱情就会从后门溜走。 —— 毫厄尔

当两人之间有真爱情的时候,是不会考虑到年龄的问题,经济的条件,相貌的美丑,个子的高矮,等等外在的无关紧要的因素的。假如你们之间存在着这种问题,那你要先问问自己,是否真正在爱才好。 —— 罗兰

爱情的陶醉和战栗,占有的痉挛,探听不到秘密激起的怒火,全都消逝得无影无踪:只有爱情带着忧伤甘美的滋味把他紧紧地搂住,一种已经几乎没有任何渴望、可是无比强烈的爱情。 —— 茨威格

爱情无需言作媒,全在心领神会。 —— 哈佛格尔

那种用美好的感情和思想使我们升华并赋予我们力量的爱情,才能算是一种高尚的热情;而使我们自私自利,胆小怯弱,使我们流于盲目本能的下流行为的爱情,应该算是一种邪恶的热情。 —— 乔治·桑

世界上没有任何欢乐不伴随忧虑,没有任何和平不连着纠纷,没有任何爱情不埋下猜疑,没有任何安宁不隐伏恐惧,没有任何满足不带有缺陷,没有任何荣誉不留下耻辱。 —— 格里美尔斯豪森

爱情既是友谊的代名词,又是我们为共同的事业而奋斗的可靠保证,爱情是人生的良伴,你和心爱的女子同床共眠是因为共同的理想把两颗心紧紧系在一起。 —— 法拉第

真诚的爱情,并不等于娓娓动听的甜言蜜语,慷慨陈词的海誓山盟,如胶似漆的接吻拥抱。爱情是一种高尚、美丽、纯真的感情,应当以忠实诚恳取代虚伪欺诈,以互尊互敬取代利己自私,以道德文明取代轻率行动。 —— 黄少平

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