有关Jane Goodall的资料
国动物学家·古道尔(Jane Goodall）在上拥有极高的声誉，十多岁的时候就来到了非原始森林，为了观察黑猩猩，她度过了三十八年的野外生涯，之后她又奔走于世界各地，呼吁人们保护野生动物，保护地球的环境。
她更获得了联合国所颁发的马丁·路德·金反暴力奖。
这个奖过去曾经也有两位人士获得过，他们分别是南非前总统曼德拉以及联合国秘书长安南。
1975年，她建立了致力于野生动物研究、教育和保护的珍·古道尔研究会，向全世界推进动物的研究工作。
她的巨大贡献以及国家地理为她拍摄的几部精彩的电影使她名扬四海。
她为成人写过六本书，包括那本著名的《在人类的阴影下》。
伊丽莎白二世授予她英帝国司令的头街。
她还获得过多次褒奖，包括在基础科学研究领域极富盛誉的KYOTO奖和国家地理学会的胡博奖，以奖励她在研究、探索和发现方面的突出贡献。
古道尔一到肯尼亚，就去找著名的猿人类考古学家路易斯·里基（Louis Leakey），向他要求给她个和动物打交道的工作。
里基在一次保护野生动物的考察旅行中，不经心地考验了她对野生动物的知识后，同意请她当他的助理秘书。
后来又看到她要和动物为伍的立志很坚，就派她到坦桑尼亚去观察野生黑猩猩群。
这是因为里基认为黑猩猩在动物中与人的亲缘最相近似，它的基因组有98%与人类的相同，通过过黑猩猩生态习性的观察，可以为人类的远祖情况提供线索。
于是这个没有受过训练的姑娘，单枪匹马，就闯入了观察黑猩猩这个从来没有人尝试过、也没有人敢尝试的科学领域之中。
这是1960年的事，古道尔芳龄26。
里基为什么同意一个年轻的姑娘去观察黑猩猩的群体呢
除了古道尔的恳切要求外，他认为以考察灵长类动物的群体生活习性而论，女性的考察员对那些雄猩猩的威胁可能远低于男性的考察员，从而使考察工作更为可行。
结果表明，里基的理论是正确的。
继古道尔考察成功之后，相继有黛安·福西（Dian Fossey）对非洲大猩猩群的考察和蓓鲁特·高尔迪卡（Birute Galdikas）两位女生态学家对印尼猩猩群的考察。
不幸的是福西后来为了保护大猩猩被偷猎，竟遭到当地偷猎者的残忍杀害。
早在1942年，英国人的非洲狩猎团就已在尼喀湖（现属坦桑尼亚）西岸的雨林中发现了黑猩猩群居的踪迹。
古道尔的营地就设在位于湖西岸的坦岗刚比河畔人迹罕到的茂密热带雨林里。
在这里还是英国人殖民地的时期就已划出了150平方公里的野生动物保护区。
里面就是黑猩猩群生息繁衍之地。
初到时和她的妈妈薇恩同来，搭了个大帐篷，请了一个非洲厨师多米尼克和他的妻子当后勤。
三个月后薇恩回归英国，古道尔聘用了一位曾经为里基工作过15年的非洲人哈山当助手。
他是个好助手，帮了古道尔不少忙。
最初，黑猩猩们对这位闯入其领地的白皮肤的不速之客纷纷躲避。
珍妮只能在500米外观察它们。
为了求得黑猩猩的认同，珍妮露宿林中，吃黑猩猩吃的果子。
15个月后，黑猩猩们对珍妮的出现终于习以为常。
珍妮甚至坐在黑猩猩身边，它们也爱搭不理地懒得看她一眼。
古道尔不顾艰苦，带了哈山静悄悄地进入林区，静悄悄地等待，静悄悄地观察。
雨林中的茂草有一人多高，锋利的叶片刮伤了她的皮肤，有时只能像猩猩那样爬树在树间行动。
她也遇到过黑猩猩对她的威胁，由于临危不惧，终于安度难关。
当地的土著人告诉她有人曾在爬一棵油棕树时被一只雄猩猩从树顶趋下来撕破了脸庞挖去了一只眼睛的可怕经历。
但是她不被这则故事所吓倒。
她一天又一天轻手轻脚地逼近黑猩猩群，她仿效黑猩猩的动作和呼叫声，使她能够和它们作一定程度的沟通，仿佛自己也是一只母猩猩。
她惊人的耐心终于获得了黑猩猩群的信赖，为它们所接受，融入了它们的群体之中。
我要JANE GOODALL生平
Jane GoodallJane Goodall把大多时间都用于研究黑猩猩，而且对这业做出了巨大，一起来看看有哪些发现。
Jane Goodall is a leading research scientist on chimpanzees． She lives in the Gombe Stream Research Center in Tanzania，Africa． Dr．Goodall was born in England and has been studying the habits of chimpanzees for more than 30 years． Chimpanzees are dark-haired apes native to Africa．They belong to the order of primates（灵长目动物）．This order includes human beings，marmosets（狨），lemurs（狐猴），apes，and monkeys．In the Gombe Stream Reserve area，there are about 100to 200chimpanzees． They spend most of their time living intrees and gathering food， mostly fruit． While studying the chimps，Dr．Goodall discovered that the chimpanzee is one of only a few animals that use tools．Dr．Goodall observed the chimps making tools from twigs（细枝）and grasses．The chimp removes the leaves from the twig with its hands or teeth． Then the chimp places the twig inside a termite（白蚁） mound．When a termite bites on the twig，the chimp removes the twig and eats the termite．When the twig gets too worn out to use，the animal searches for another twig．Chimps also use twigs to clean their bodies． Today，Jane Goodall and her assistants study the habits of baboons（狒狒）as well as those of chim- panzees．She has written books and articles about the work in Gombe．In 1988，she wrote My Life with the Chimpanzees，her first book for young people．From this story，Jane hopes her readers will get a better understanding of the wonder of animals． from Reading
有关介绍Jane goodall 的英文文章
Jane GoodallFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search This article or section has multiple issues. Please help improve the article or discuss these issues on the talk page.It needs additional references or sources for verification. Tagged since May 2007.It may require general cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Tagged since October 2007.Dr Dame Jane Goodall Dr. Jane Goodall at Hong Kong Universityon 24 October 2004. Born 3 April 1934 (1934-04-03) (age 74)Residence England, Tanzania Nationality British Fields Biologist, Primatologist, Conservationist Alma mater University of Cambridge Doctoral students none. Known for Study of chimpanzees, conservation Notable awards DBE (2004) Religious stance Christian Dame Jane Goodall, DBE (born Valerie Jane Morris Goodall on 3 April 1934) is an English UN Messenger of Peace, primatologist, ethologist, and anthropologist. She is well-known for her 45-year study of chimpanzee social and family interactions in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania, and for founding the Jane Goodall Institute.Contents [hide]1 Early life and studies 2 Personal life 3 Professional accomplishments 4 Environmentalism 5 Criticism 6 Honours 7 Animal welfare activism 8 Awards 9 Publications 9.1 Books 9.2 Children's books 9.3 Films 10 In popular culture 11 See also 12 References 13 External links Early life and studiesJane Goodall was born in London, England in 1934. As a child she was given a lifelike chimpanzee toy named Jubilee by her father. Goodall was not very interested in animals until her father brought her the stuffed animal. Today, the toy still sits on her dresser in London. After the divorce of her parents when Goodall was only 12 years old, she moved with her mother to Bournemouth, England.Goodall's interest in animals prompted notable anthropologist Louis Leakey to hire her as his assistant and secretary. He invited her to accompany him and his wife, Mary Leakey, to dig at Olduvai Gorge in eastern Africa. He asked Goodall to study the chimpanzees of Gombe Stream National Park (then known as 'Gombe Stream Chimpanzee Reserve'). She arrived at Gombe accompanied by her mother in July 1960. Leakey arranged for her to return to the United Kingdom where she earned a doctorate in ethology from the University of Cambridge in 1964. Along with Dian Fossey, famous for living with gorillas, and Birut Galdikas, who advanced studies in orangutans, Goodall was one of three women recently dubbed by some as Leakey's Angels.Personal lifeGoodall has been married twice. On 28 March 1964 she married aristocratic wildlife photographer Baron Hugo van Lawick at Chelsea Old Church, London, becoming Baroness Jane van Lawick-Goodall. The couple had a son, Hugo Eric Louis, affectionately known as 'Grub', who was born in 1967. They divorced in 1974. In 1975 she married Derek Bryceson (a member of Tanzania's parliament and the director of that country's national parks) and they remained married until his death in 1980. Jane and her younger sister, Judy, both suffer from prosopagnosia, a neurological condition which impairs the recognition of human faces. [1]Professional accomplishmentsOrphaned by poachers, young chimpanzees are raised by volunteers and researchers at the Tchimpounga Sanctuary (part of the Jane Goodall Institute) in the Republic of the Congo.Goodall is best known for her study of chimpanzee social and family life. In 1977, Goodall established the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), which supports the Gombe research, and she is a global leader in the effort to protect chimpanzees and their habitats. With nineteen offices around the world, the JGI is widely recognized for innovative, community-centered conservation and development programs in Africa and a global youth program, Roots & Shoots, which currently has over 8,000 groups in over 100 countries. Today, Goodall devotes virtually all of her time to advocacy on behalf of chimpanzees and the environment, traveling nearly 300 days a year. Goodall is also a board member for the world's largest chimpanzee sanctuary outside of Africa, Save the Chimps in Fort Pierce, Florida.Goodall was instrumental in the study of social learning, primate cognition, thinking and culture in wild chimpanzees, their differentiation from the bonobo, and the inclusion of both chimpanzee species, and the gorilla, as Hominids.One of Goodall's major break-throughs in the field of primatology was the discovery of tool-making among chimpanzees during her study. Though many animals had been clearly observed using 'tools', previously, only humans were thought to make tools, and tool-making was considered the defining difference between humans and other animals. This discovery convinced several scientists to reconsider their definition of being human.[2]Goodall also set herself apart from the traditional conventions of the time by naming the animals in her studies of primates, instead of assigning each a number. Numbering was a nearly universal practice at the time, and thought to be important in the removal of one's self from the potential for emotional attachment to the subject being studied. Among those that Goodall named during her years in Gombe were:David Greybeard, a grey-chinned male who first warmed up to Goodall.[3] Goliath, a friend of David Greybeard, originally the alpha male named for his bold nature. Mike, who through his cunning and improvisation displaced Goliath as the alpha male. Humphrey, a big, strong, bullysome male. Gigi, a large, sterile female who delighted in being the aunt of any young chimps or humans. Mr. McGregor, a belligerent older male. Flo, a motherly, high-ranking female with a bulbous nose and ragged ears, and her children, Figan, Faben, Fifi, and Flint.[4][5] EnvironmentalismJane Goodall's involvement in tropical forests and conservation has led her to be actively involved in a number of environmental issues, and to found the Roots & Shoots youth group. She has also endorsed the Forests Now Declaration, calling for new market based mechanisms to protect tropical forests. She is a patron of the Optimum Population Trust.CriticismSome primatologists have suggested flaws in Goodall's methodology which may call into question the validity of her observations. Goodall used unconventional practices in her study, for example, naming individuals instead of numbering them. Numbering is used to prevent emotional attachment and loss of objectivity. Many standard methods are aimed at helping observers to avoid interference and the use of feeding stations to attract Gombe chimpanzees is, in particular, thought by some to have altered normal foraging and feeding patterns as well as social relationships.[2]It has been suggested that higher levels of aggression and conflict with other chimpanzee groups in the area were a consequences of the feeding, which could have created the wars between chimpanzee social groups described by Goodall. Thus, some regard Goodall's observations as distortions of normal chimpanzee behavior.[3] Goodall herself (on several occasions) acknowledged that feeding contributed to aggression within and between groups:I didn't see aggression to start with. There's no question that chimpanzees become more aggressive as a result of crowding, as a result of competition for food. (J. Goodall) It's very hard to look back with hindsight and say oh well I would have done it differently. If I had gone to Gombe and had access to information about the effect of feeding bananas on wild chimpanzees I wouldnt have done it. (J. Goodall) However, Goodall has also said that the effect was limited to alteration of the intensity and not the nature of chimpanzee conflict and further that feeding was necessary for the study to be effective at all.Some recent studies such as the study by Crickette Sanz in the Goualougo Triangle (Congo) or by Prof. Christophe Boesch in the Tai Forest (Ivory Coast) have not shown the aggression observed in the Gombe studies.[4]So far, we haven't seen any abnormal levels of aggression. We've never seen chimps killing other chimps. We haven't seen highly elevated territorial disputes. If I had to guess, I wouldn't expect to see it. (C. Sanz) I have not seen this kind of killing in Tai Forest. This violence is not always present. (C. Boesch) However, not all primatologists agree that the studies are flawed; for example, Jim Moore provides a critique of Margaret Powers' assertions[5] and some studies of other chimpanzee groups have shown similar aggression to Gombe even in the absence of feeding.[6]HonoursJane Goodall has received many honors for her environmental and humanitarian work, as well as others. She was named a Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire in a ceremony held in Buckingham Palace in 2004. In April 2002, Secretary-General Kofi Annan named Dr. Goodall a United Nations Messenger of Peace. Her other honors include the Tyler Prize for Environmental Achievement, the French Legion of Honor, Medal of Tanzania, Japan's prestigious Kyoto Prize, the Benjamin Franklin Medal in Life Science, the Gandhi-King Award for Nonviolence and the Spanish Premio Príncipe de Asturias. She is also a member of the advisory board of BBC Wildlife magazine.In 2002, the Canadian city of Greater Sudbury, Ontario dedicated a walking trail, highlighting some of the city's efforts to rehabilitate environmental damage from the local mining industry, to Goodall. [7]On 7 July 2007 Goodall presented at Live Earth.In April 2008, Jane was awarded the Montana State University Medal for Global and Visionary Leadership.Animal welfare activismJane Goodall is an animal welfare activist and is the former president of Advocates for Animals, an organization based in Edinburgh, Scotland, that campaigns against the use of animals in medical research, zoos, farming and sport.In May 2008, Goodall controversially described Edinburgh Zoo's new primate enclosure as a wonderful facility where monkeys are are probably better off [than those] living in the wild in an area like Budongo, where one in six gets caught in a wire snare, and countries like Congo, where chimpanzees, monkeys and gorillas are shot for food commercially. [8] This was in conflict with Advocates for Animals' position on captive animals, who stated She's entitled to her opinion, but our position isn't going to change. We oppose the keeping of animals in captivity for entertainment. [9] In June 2008 Goodall confirmed that she had resigned the presidency of the organisation which she had held since 1998, citing her busy schedule and explaining, I just don't have time for them. [10]David Greybeard Sculpture at Animal KingdomGoodall is honored by the Walt Disney Company with a plaque on the The Tree of Life at Walt Disney World's Animal Kingdom theme park, alongside a carving of her beloved David Greybeard, the original chimp who approached Goodall during her first year at Gombe.[7] The story goes that when she was invited to visit the developing Animal Kingdom park as a consultant and saw the Tree of Life, she didn't see a chimp as part of the tree. To rectify this situation, the Imagineers added the carving of David Graybeard and the plaque honoring her at the entrance to the It's Tough to be a Bug show. Cartoonist Gary Larson once drew a cartoon that showed two chimpanzees grooming. One finds a human hair on the other and inquires, Conducting a little more 'research' with that Jane Goodall tramp? The Jane Goodall Institute thought this to be in bad taste, and had their lawyers draft a letter to Larson and his distribution syndicate, in which they described the cartoon as an atrocity. They were stymied, however, by Goodall herself, who revealed that she found the cartoon amusing. Since then, all profits from sales of a shirt featuring this cartoon have gone to the JGI. Dr. Goodall also appeared and lent her voice as herself in the animated TV series The Wild Thornberrys. In the American Dad! episode I Can't Stan You, a woman complains that her neighbour Linda Memari is hairy, and says that she felt like Jane Goodall just talking to her. In the video game Justice League Heroes while in Gorilla City, The Flash says Quick!, Somebody page Jane Goodall. The protagonist in Jonathan Safran Foer's second novel, Extremely Loud and Incredibly Close, asks Goodall for a recommendation, to which she responds with a gentle rejection. In The Simpsons episode Simpsons Safari, a character loosely based on Goodall is a research scientist in charge of a Chimpanzees refuge who is secretly forcing them to mine diamonds for her benefit. Jane Goodall is a regular character in the Steve and Terry theme of Irregular Webcomic. On her album Street Angel Stevie Nicks pays tribute to Jane Goodall with the track Jane. In the movie George of the Jungle, Beatrice Stanhope sits next to Ape the Gorilla and says I feel just like Jane Goodall, to which Ape replies Ma'am, I have known Jane Goodall, and you certainly aren't Jane Goodall
Jane Goodall bacame interested in animals and animal stories as a very young child中为什么
Jane Goodall bacame interested in animals and animal stories as a very young childbacame interested in=be interested in，是它的一种变化形式。
也可以变成get interested in，形式很多。
JaneGoodall英语简介
Jeanne Goodall, who won the Martin Ruud Kim prize awarded by the anti violence. This award was also two people received, they are the former South African President Mandela and former UN Secretary General Longanan. In 1975, she established has devoted to the wild animal research, education and the protection of the Jane Goodall Institute, research work around the world to promote animal. Her great contribution as well as shooting the National Geographic for her a wonderful movie made her well-known in the world. She has written six books for the adult, including the famous in humanity's shadow. Elizabeth S was awarded the title of commander of the British empire. She also won several awards, including Hu Bo award in the basic science research area highly prestigious KYOTO awards and the National Geographic Society, rewards her in the research, exploration and discovery, outstanding contributions.过去，我们认为人类是唯一懂感情的动物。
珍妮发现，黑猩猩每天要用两三个小时互相梳理皮毛联络感情，这是它们必不可少的社交活动，而寻找食物则花一个小时。
它们从整理皮毛得到的温情与快意似乎超过了吃东西的愉快。
它们久别重逢的场面酷似人类，不乏搂抱、握手的亲热之举。
可见黑猩猩的感情世界非常丰富。
我们要感谢珍妮的一伟大的发现，不然我们不知还要等上多少年。
In the past, we believe that man is the only animal to understand the feelings of. Jeanne found, every other chimpanzee grooming Contact feelings for two or three hours, it is essential to their social activities, while looking for food, spend an hour. Them from the warmth and joy finishing coat appears to be more than happy to eat. They after being apart a long time scene just like a human being, not to move, shake hands. Visible chimpanzee feeling in the world is very rich. A great find that we would like to thank Jeanne, or we don't have to wait many years.如果说我们是自大的种族莫不如说我们是科学历史的牺牲品，我们现在应该懂得生命的意义及价值。
古道尔对黑猩猩和灵长类动物的感情之深厚，还可以从一次谈话中听出来。
她说：当我看了有些医学科学家实验用的关在笼子里的猩猩或猴子时，就好像在波兰参观纳粹集中营时所感受到的同样滋味。
她把在非洲各地市场上骨瘦如柴可怜的黑猩猩收养起来。
可是当她的妈妈薇恩的生命得救于猪心瓣的嫁接时，也不得不承认她对动物的爱好也有其片面性的方面。
If we are arrogant race there is nothing like that we are victims of the history of science, we should understand the meaning and value of life now. Goodall chimpanzee and primate animal feelings deep, can also hear it from a conversation. She said: when I read some medical scientists experiments with caged chimpanzees or monkeys, like in Poland to visit the same taste Nazi concentration camp felt. She put in markets around the Africa as thin poor chimpanzee adopted. But when her mother in her life has been saved by porcine flap grafting, had to admit that her love of the animal also has its one sidedness.为了唤起公众环保意识，珍妮建立了一个全球范围的青少年教育计划：根与芽。
In order to raise public awareness of environmental protection, Jeanne established a youth education program in a global: roots and shoots.“根，在地下四处蜿蜒而生，为植物生长奠定了坚实的基础。
幼芽看似柔弱，但为了接触到阳光，它们努力生长，甚至可以钻透厚厚的砖墙。
困扰着我们这颗星球的种种问题就好像是那些砖墙。
成千上万如根之坚、芽之韧的年轻人遍布世界，为了更广阔的光明，他们一定可以冲破重重壁垒。
珍妮说：年轻人容易悲观失望。
我回想起60多年来世界的变迁，也会对某些改变感到遗憾。
但是，很多困难是可以克服的，很多令人不满的状况都是可以通过自己的双手改变的。
只要你去做。
”创造一种信念、信心，是根与芽的初衷和目标。
The root, in the ground around the winding, laid a solid foundation for the growth of plants. Bud appears to be weak, but in order to exposure to the sun, they strive to grow, even can drill through the thick brick walls. All sorts of problems plaguing the planet like the bricks. Tens of thousands of such as root of Kennedy, bud resilience of young people all over the world, in order to more broad and bright, they can break through the barriers. Jeanne said: young people are easily disappointed. I think back over the past 60 years the world changes, feel sorry for some change. However, many difficulties can be overcome, many unsatisfactory condition is changed by their own hands. As long as you do. To create a belief, faith, is the original intention and goal of root and bud.“很多人问我，想要通过这个活动来拯救地球吗
不，我并不那样认为。
我们没有能力改变整个世界，可是，我们可以努力去改变一个人或一个地方，我想，这就够了。
”A lot of people ask me, want to through this activity to save the earth? No, I don't think so. We do not have the ability to change the world, but, we can try to change a person or a place, I think, that's enough.从东非成立第一个组织起，根与芽今天已发展成为在50余个国家注册的1000多个团体，无论是学龄前儿童还是大学生。
根与芽组织的活动推进本地人对动物、人类社区和环境问题的关注。
这些小组之间建立了稳固的联系，通过各种渠道互通有无，共同商讨怎样使生活更美好的课题。
“这是学生们自愿报名参加的课余小组，8岁以下的孩子是有老师指导的，小学以上的学生小组完全是自主的，没有老师和家长的干预，但是我们会对他们提出每个学期的期望。
学生们自己寻找问题和解决办法，自己去募捐资金。
只有当孩子们认识到这是他们自己的组织，是在为自己做事情，他们才能够认真地去感受和体验，才能树立起信心。
”From the East and established the first organized, roots and shoots has become today registered in more than 50 countries more than 1000 groups, whether preschool children or students. Root and shoot organized activities to promote local people attention to animal, human community and environmental issues. Stable relationships between these groups, mutual exchange of needed products through various channels, to discuss how to make life better in the subject. This is the students enrolled in the voluntary after-school group, children under the age of 8 are teachers, primary school students and above team is completely independent, no teacher and parents of intervention, but we will make each semester expectations for them. The students find their own problems and solutions, to raise funds. Only when the children realize that this is their own organization, is doing things for themselves, they can seriously to feel and experience, in order to establish confidence.关于著名动物生态学家珍妮·古道尔（Jane Goodall）的经历，说来非常动人。
古道尔1934年4月3日出生于伦敦。
她从小痴心于动物，爱读杜立特写的动物故事书。
她知道非洲的哺乳类动物最丰富，很想到那里去。
她没有钱，就去当女招待和女秘书，攒足了旅费钱就启程到了非洲的肯尼亚。
她对她观察得最仔细的刚比群中每个成员都认得，并为它们起了名字。
例如Flo是只漂亮而性感的母猩猩，她哺育了好几个子女，其中最小的儿子叫Flint。
在这对母子间的感情好得无以复加，到母亲死后，小儿子十分伤心，不久也死了。
然而，由于嫉妒，不时有母猩猩把不是自己生的婴儿抢过来残忍地弄死后吃掉。
于是古道尔发现了不少习性与人类间的多少有相通之处。
可是经过长期的观察，期间的差别还是很大。
古道尔认为，黑猩猩不像人类有个性，有意识。
她研究不出黑猩猩的意识是什么，也看不出它们的个性是否存在。
作为一位杰出的科学家，古道尔的品德为众人所仰慕。
首先是她对自然界特别是动物界的无限爱好和了解，对知识的永不满足；其次是她有超人的勇气、耐心和恒心，能够去平常人不敢去的野兽出没之区而无所畏惧；第三是她作了入微见细的观察和客观翔实的记录，为自己的科学研究提供第一手的资料；第四是她忠实于科学事业，从不讳言自己在观察和研究中的缺点。
例如她说不应该用香蕉给她的黑猩猩朋友，因为这样做有可能改变了它们的生存环境和生活习惯，从而使所观察到的资料和进行的判断产生偏倚。
在科学研究中，任何有使结果产生偏倚
